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Biomedical subjects

B Thornton

Publications and source records attributed to B Thornton.

31 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Production of herpes simplex virus from MRC-5 cells grown in a glass bead culture system.

The failure of microcarrier systems to provide significant quantities of infectious Herpes simplex virus (HSV) for vaccine production purposes led to an assessment of glass bead column cultures for this requirement. Glass bead columns giving approximately 12000 cm2 culture surface areas have been inoculated at various densities with MRC-5 cells, grown to confluency (as determined by steady state glucose utilization) and infected with HSV. The culture system proved at least as effective as comparable roller bottle cultures.

Cell Adhesion↗
PubMed1984

Herpes simplex virus genital infection of the female guinea pig as a model for the evaluation of an experimental vaccine.

Substantial protection against herpes simplex type 2 (HSV 2) infection of the female guinea pig genital tract was provided by immunization with an experimental HSV 2 vaccine prepared from the plasma membranes of infected MRC-5 cells. Protection was evaluated in terms of the modification of histopathological lesions and clinical signs and in changes in viral replication and serological responses in vaccinated and control animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Postexposure immunoprophylaxis against B virus (Herpesvirus simiae) infection.

Local infiltration of antiserum into sites inoculated with B virus protected rabbits from an otherwise fatal encephalomyelitis. Treatment was effective when delayed for six hours but not after 24 hours. Homologous rabbit antisera were more effective than heterologous monkey antisera, and protection was unrelated to neutralisation titres. Protection apparently depended not on neutralisation of inoculated virus but on destruction of infected cells before they produced progeny virus. Normal human immunoglobulin able to neutralise B virus did not protect. Intravenously administered antibody was effective only if large doses were given. The findings suggest that persons bitten or scratched by monkeys latently infected with B virus may be treated successfully by immunoprophylaxis with specific antibody. Stocks of human or of more readily available simian antisera should be held in laboratories where such animals are used.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

The development and use of microcarrier and glass sphere culture techniques for the production of herpes simplex viruses.

Two high productivity monolayer culture methods, the microcarrier and glass sphere culture, were compared for their capacity to support the growth of MRC-5 and Vero cells, and Herpes simplex type 2 virus. Cell growth was similar in both systems giving yields of 14 X 10(5)/cm2 in microcarrier and 18 X 10(5)/cm2 in glass sphere cultures with yields of Vero cells being marginally better than MRC-5 cells. Virus yields were only slightly lower in these cultures than in small scale stationary cultures and confirmed the fact that MRC-5 cells produce twice as much HSV-2 as Vero cells, thus neutralising the growth advantage of these cells. Techniques for harvesting the virus in small volumes need to be improved in order to get a high titre suspension from the high capacity cultures.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Herpes simplex vaccine using cell membrane associated antigen in an animal model.

Vesicles of plasma membrane, containing no detectable live virus, were prepared by treatment of Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infected Vero cells with dithiothreitol and formaldehyde. These preparations proved to be antigenic on injection into guinea-pigs and also protected these animals against intravaginal challenge with HSV-2.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Successful treatment of experimental B virus (Herpesvirus simiae) infection with acyclovir.

The efficacy of the new nucleoside analogue acyclovir against B virus (Herpesvirus simiae) was investigated in rabbits and Vero cells infected with 2-136 and 0.3-1.0 TCD50 of the virus respectively. In the Vero cells 1 mg of acyclovir/1 reduced the yield of virus by 90%, which was slightly less than the effect on herpes simplex virus. Results in the rabbits varied with the interval between doses, duration of treatment, and delay before starting treatment. Acyclovir controlled an otherwise lethal infection when given not less than eight-hourly for 14 days. Withdrawing treatment after 9-10 days resulted in late-onset fatal disease in some rabbits. Treatment begun within 24 hours after infection gave complete protection, and rabbits first treated up to five days after infection showed a significant reduction in mortality (p less than 0.001). The plasma half life of acyclovir is twice as long in man as in rabbits and progression of the disease is much slower. Hence acyclovir may be useful for post-exposure prophylaxis against B virus infection in man and possibly also for treatment of the disease.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed1980

The antigenicity and immunogenicity of the intracellular and extracellular forms of vaccinia virus. I: The production of high-titre vaccinia extracellular virus and its antigenicity after inactivation.

Vaccinia extracellular virus, which until recently (Payne, 1979) had only been produced at low titre, 10(5)-10(6) pfu/ml, was produced at titres of up to 10(7.5) pfu/ml by selective combination of virus, cell and medium. It could be concentrated to 10(9)-10(9.3) pfu/ml by ultrafiltration without significant losses in quantity or quality. The final preparation was only contaminated to the extent of 25-50% with virus neutralizable by antiserum to intracellular virus, compared with the 70-90% found by other workers. When inactivated it produced good antibody titres in rabbits. In contrast, mice failed to produce antibody to extracellular virus, but did so to intracellular virus: they were also protected against a potentially lethal challenge with ectromelia virus.

Animals↗