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Biomedical subjects

B Toft

Publications and source records attributed to B Toft.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Assisted hatching improves implantation rates on cryopreserved-thawed embryos. A randomized prospective study.

BACKGROUND: Focus on the hatching process has so far been in the field of fresh embryos. Cryopreserved-thawed embryos have a lower rate of pregnancy than fresh embryos, which might be due to hardening of the zona pellucida. METHODS: During a 2 year period, a prospective randomized study enrolling 253 cryopreserved-thawed cycles was performed on day 2 embryos. Pseudorandomization to assisted hatching or a control group was done on the basis of even and odd dates for thawing. One hour before embryo transfer, hatching was carried out using acidic Tyrode's solution. RESULTS: Among 136 embryos exposed to assisted hatching, 11.4% (30) were implanted compared with only 5.8% (13) of 117 embryos not exposed to assisted hatching (P<0.05, chi(2) test). No difference in the rate of clinical pregnancy and positive serum HCG was observed between the two groups. Very few women >38 years old were included in the study, and no significant difference according to age could be found between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: These results show that assisted hatching using acidic Tyrode's solution increases the implantation rate of cryopreserved-thawed embryos (P<0.05).

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed2002

Progesterone supplementation during early gestations after IVF or ICSI has no effect on the delivery rates: a randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: The aim was to study whether prolongation of luteal support during early pregnancy influences the delivery rate after IVF. METHODS: Dual centre study including 303 women who achieved pregnancy after IVF or ICSI was used. All were treated with the long protocol using GnRH agonists and given luteal support with 200 mg vaginal progesterone three times daily during 14 days from the day of transfer until the day of a positive HCG test. The study group (n = 150) withdrew vaginal progesterone from the day of positive HCG. The control group (n = 153) continued administration of vaginal progesterone during the next 3 weeks of pregnancy. RESULTS: The number of miscarriages prior to and after week 7 of gestation was seven (4.6%) and 15 (10.0%) in the study group and five (3.3%) and 13 (8.5%) in the control group respectively. The number of deliveries was 118 (78.7 %) in the study group and 126 (82.4 %) in the control group. The differences were not significant. CONCLUSIONS: Prolongation of progesterone supplementation in early pregnancy has no influence on the miscarriage rate, and thus no effect on the delivery rate. Progesterone supplementation can safely be withdrawn at the time of a positive HCG test.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed2001

Serological investigation of Mycoplasma genitalium in infertile women.

BACKGROUND: The role of Mycoplasma genitalium in the pathogenesis of pelvic inflammatory disease has not been characterized. METHODS: Sera from 308 infertile women were investigated for antibodies to M. genitalium by immunoblotting. Women with tubal factor infertility (TFI) made up 132 of the patients, 67 of the women had an infertile male partner and 109 were infertile for unknown reasons. RESULTS: Of the TFI patients 29 (22.0%) were seropositive to the major adhesin, MgPa, of M. genitalium versus 11 (6.3%) in the group of women with normal tubes. No cross-reactions between MgPa and P1 of the related Mycoplasma pneumoniae were found. Besides, MgPa positive sera were confirmed by immunoblotting using a cloned fragment of the C-terminal part of MgPa specific to M. genitalium. Chlamydia trachomatis is known to be able to cause infertility as a result of salpingitis. Therefore, the sera were tested against C. trachomatis using a commercial ELISA test. Seventy-five (56.8%) of the TFI patients were seropositive to C. trachomatis. Eight (27.6%) TFI patients seropositive to MgPa were negative to C. trachomatis. CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates that M. genitalium may be an independent risk factor in the development of an inflammatory process leading to scarring of the uterine tubes in women and thereby causing infertility.

Adhesins, Bacterial↗
PubMed2001

Birth of a healthy girl after ICSI with ejaculated spermatozoa from a man with non-mosaic Klinefelter's syndrome.

Klinefelter's syndrome is a major contributor to male infertility. Recent reports of births after ICSI with especially testicular spermatozoa from infertile men with this syndrome are promising. The birth of a healthy girl after ICSI treatment with ejaculated spermatozoa from a man with non-mosaic Klinefelter's syndrome is reported. The non-mosaic karyotype was confirmed by chromosome analysis of both peripheral blood leukocytes and fibroblasts from a skin biopsy. In conclusion, in a very few cases, men with apparently non-mosaic Klinefelter's syndrome have ejaculated spermatozoa that can result in a birth of a healthy child following ICSI.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Comparison of two ibuprofen formulations in the treatment of shoulder tendonitis.

In order to compare the efficacy and tolerance of two drug formulations of ibuprofen, conventional tablets 600 mg QID (CI) and sustained-release tablets 1200 mg BID (SRI), a total of 147 patients in 7 centres in Denmark with nontraumatic shoulder pain were included in a double-blind dummy study. Initially all patients received a local injection of corticosteroid and local anaesthetic, and were randomly allocated either drug (CI or SRI) for a period of 3 weeks. Complete relief was recorded from significantly more of the patients in the CI group (21%) than in the SRI group (7%) while a similar number of patients improved viz., 67% of the SRI treated group and 77% of the CI treated group. Based on doctor's assessment improvement in the two groups was equal. 44% of the patients recorded side effects, the number and pattern being the same in the two groups. No serious side effects were recorded. It is concluded that the two treatment regimens can be rated as clinically equivalent.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Medical treatment of ectopic pregnancy.

Methotrexate is an alternative to surgical treatment of unruptured tubal pregnancy. Among 39 women with the diagnosis of tubal pregnancy there were ten cases without rupture of the salpinx. Nine out of these were treated with methotrexate. In one case there was a tubal rupture immediately after the termination of the treatment. There were no major side effects from the treatment with methotrexate. Tubal patency was tested for laparoscopically three months after the treatment. There was patency of all previously affected tubes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Epithelial atypia in ovarian mucinous cystadenoma during the puerperium.

A papillary mucinous cystadenoma of the ovary with unique benign epithelial atypia is presented. The tumor was removed from a 33-year-old puerperal woman. Morphologically, the lining epithelium of the cystadenoma strikingly resembled the so-called Arias-Stella reaction of the endometrial epithelium, a benign cellular atypia produced by chorionic tissue during pregnancy. The atypical epithelium of the endometrium is known to persist several weeks after parturition or abortion, and should not be misinterpreted as malignancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Kinetics of citalopram in elderly patients.

The kinetics of the antidepressant drug citalopram, a specific 5-HT uptake inhibitor, has been investigated in 11 elderly patients (age 73-90) and compared to previous data from younger patients and volunteers. The recorded steady state citalopram levels of 140-545 nM after a once-daily 20-mg dose were up to four times higher than expected from data in younger patients and volunteers. The biological half-life (1.5-3.75 days) and estimated systemic clearance (0.08-0.3 1/min) also differed from data in younger individuals (1.5 days and 0.4 1/min, respectively). Clearance values generally decreased with increasing age. Drug/metabolite ratios were higher in patients with the longest half-lives and lowest citalopram clearance, indicating reduced metabolic activity. No reduction in renal clearance was indicated by urine data, obtained for two of the patients. The study suggests that daily doses of 5-20 mg give approximately the same steady state plasma levels in elderly patients as doses of 40 mg in younger, and that this is due to reduced rates of metabolism in the elderly.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

A double-blind, crossover study of a sustained-release tablet of ketoprofen and normal ketoprofen capsules in the treatment of patients with osteoarthritis.

A double-blind, crossover study was carried out to assess the efficacy and tolerance of a sustained-release tablet formulation of ketoprofen given as a single daily 200 mg dose compared with 2 X 50 mg normal formulation capsules of ketoprofen twice daily. Eighty-four patients with osteoarthritis of the hip and/or knee were admitted and received treatment for periods of 3 weeks, preceded by a 1-week placebo wash-out period, with each of the two formulations, in random order. Patients were seen after each study period and clinical objective and subjective assessments made of signs and symptoms of the disease, consumption of rescue analgesic and unwanted effects. Forty-eight of the patients continued, mainly on the sustained-release formulation, in an open long-term tolerance study lasting 3 months. The results were analyzed for 68 patients who completed the double-blind phase and for 33 who completed the open phase of the study. The patients who were withdrawn did so mainly for non-drug related reasons; 19 patients did so because of gastric disorders during the first phase. The incidence of side-effects was low and similar in frequency and nature with both formulations; those that were reported were mild and principally gastro-intestinal. Both active treatment periods afforded similar symptomatic relief and were preferred to placebo by all but 2 patients. No significant differences were found between active treatments, although there was a trend in favour of the sustained-release formulation for most of the parameters studied as there was in patient preference.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Serological evidence that chlamydiae and mycoplasmas are involved in infertility of women.

Women with a history of infertility for 2 or more years were examined by hysterosalpingography (HSG) and antibodies against Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma hominis and M. genitalium were measured by a microimmunofluorescence technique in sera obtained immediately before HSG. Of 45 women with abnormal HSG findings, 15 (33%) had antibodies to C. trachomatis and 16 (35.5%) to M. hominis. In contrast, of 61 women with normal HSG findings, only 8 (13%) and 7 (11.5%) had antibodies to these micro-organisms, respectively. Antibody against M. genitalium was found in 26 of the patients (20% abnormal HSG and 28% normal HSG), indicating the need for further investigation of the significance of this mycoplasma in female infertility. The present results do confirm, however, that C. trachomatis is an important cause of infertility in women and suggest strongly that M. hominis is implicated.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Pelvic inflammatory disease after hysterosalpingography associated with Chlamydia trachomatis and Mycoplasma hominis.

A total of 116 women were referred for hysterosalpingography because of primary or secondary infertility. Chlamydia trachomatis was isolated from the cervix of four (3.4%) of the patients whereas Mycoplasma hominis was isolated from 39 (33.6%) of them. Four patients developed acute pelvic inflammatory disease after hysterosalpingography; two of them were chlamydia culture-positive and developed a significant chlamydial antibody response during the course of the disease. One of the other two patients, who developed upper genital-tract infection, was culture positive for M. hominis and developed a significant antibody response to this micro-organism. The results indicate that C. trachomatis should be sought in patients before hysterosalpingography and, if detected, appropriate antibiotic cover should be instituted before the procedure.

Adult↗