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Biomedical subjects

B Toth

Publications and source records attributed to B Toth.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Tumor induction with the N'-acetyl derivative of 4-hydroxymethyl-phenylhydrazine, a metabolite of agaritine of Agaricus bisporus.

N'-Acetyl-4-(hydroxymethyl)phenylhydrazine was administered as a 0.0625% solution in drinking water continuously for the life span of Swiss mice, from 6 weeks of age. Compared to that in untreated controls, in treated animals the lung tumor incidence rose from 15 to 34% in females and 22 to 48% in males, whereas the incidence of blood vessel tumors increased from 8 to 32% in females and from 5 to 30% in males. Histopathologically, the tumors were classified as adenomas and adenocarcinomas of the lungs and angiomas and angiosarcomas of the blood vessels. The commonly eaten mushroom Agaricus bisporus contains beta-N-[gamma-L(+)-glutamyl]-4-hydroxymethylphenylhydrazine, which under certain conditions yields 4-hydroxymethylphenylhydrazine and L-glutamic acid. Since 4-hydroxymethylphenylhydrazine is relatively unstable, its acetyl derivative was synthesized for this study. The possible environmental significance of the findings is discussed.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1977

Tumorigenic effect of 4-methylphenylhydrazine hydrochloride in Swiss mice.

4-Methylphenylhydrazine hydrochloride was administered as 10 weekly subcutaneous injections of 140 microgram/g body weight and as 7 weekly intragastric instillations of 250 microgram/g body weight in physiological saline to randomly bred Swiss mice. Treatments given subcutaneously resulted in induction of lung tumors in incidences of 36% in females and 44% in males, while intragastric treatment caused a 40% incidence in females. In addition, it gave rise to blood vessel tumors by intragastric route in incidences of 32% in females and 18% in males. In the two physiological saline-treated control groups, the lung tumor incidence (combined) was 20% in females and 21% in males, while the blood vessel tumor incidence (combined) was 7% in females and 6% in males. Histopathologically, the lesions were classified as adenomas and adenocarcinomas of the lungs, and angiomas and angiosarcomas of blood vessels. 4-Methylphenylhydrazine was postulated to be a metabolite of 4-hydroxymethylphenylhydrazine, an ingredient of the commonly eaten mushroom Agaricus bisporus. The implications are discussed with respect to the tumorigenesis data.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

The large bowel carcinogenic effects of hydrazines and related compounds occurring in nature and in the environment.

Five substituted hydrazines that induce large bowel and other types of cancer in laboratory animals are described. Two of these compounds, which originate in nature, are 1,1-dimethylhydrazine, a tobacco ingredient, and methylhydrazine, formed from a chemical present in the edible wild mushroom Gyromitra esculenta. The human population is therefore exposed to them considerably. In addition, both compounds are manufactured and used in rocket fuel. The other three chemicals, 1,2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride,1-methyl-2-butylhydrazine dihydrochloride and trimethylhydrazine hydrochloride, are manufactured synthetically only and apparently are not found in substantial quantities in the environment.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1977

Reversal of the toxicity of hydrazine an analogues by pyridoxine hydrochloride.

Single subcutaneous injections of each of five substituted hydrazines were given alone and jointly with pyridoxine hydrochloride (PH) to Swiss mice. The convulsive, toxic, and lethal effects of four compounds--methylhydrazine (MH), ethylhydrazine hydrochloride (EH), n-butylhydrazine hydrochloride (BH), and beta-N-[gamma-L(+)-glutamyl]-4-hydroxymethylphenylhydrazine--were successfully prevented by administering PH before and/or after injection. The toxic symptoms caused by N-methyl-N-formylhydrazine (MFH) were, however, only slightly inhibited by this vitamin.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Formation of methylhydrazine from acetaldehyde N-methyl-N-formylhydrazone, a component of Gyromitra esculenta.

Gyromitrin, acetaldehyde N-methyl-N-formylhydrazone, is a toxin present in edible wild mushroom Gyromitra esculenta. At 37 degrees under different acidic conditions (pH 1 to 3), mimicking the milieu of human stomach, gyromitrin is converted to methylhydrazine, a known tumor inducer in mice and hamsters, through an intermediate, N-methyl-N-formylhydrazine. In addition, methylhydrazine is formed in the mouse stomach after p.o. administration of gyromitrin. These findings imply that consumption of G. esculenta could present a carcinogenic, as well as an acutely toxic, health hazard.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Induction of tumors in mice with the herbicide succinic acid 2,2-dimethylhydrazide.

A solution of 2% succinic acid 2,2-dimethylhydrazide was given continuously in the drinking water of 6-week-old randomly bred albino mice for the remainder of their lives. The treatment gave rise to tumors of blood vessels, lungs, and kidneys. The tumor incidences in these tissues in the controls were 6, 18, and 0%, whereas in the treated groups the corresponding tumor incidences were 73, 73, and 5%. Light microscopic examination revealed typical angiomas and angiosarcomas of blood vessels, adenomas and adenocarcinomas of lungs, and adenomas of kidneys. The study thus demonstrates the tumorigenicity of the herbicide, succinic acid 2,2-dimethylhydrazide. Since the residues of this chemical occur in fruit, the human population is exposed to it. The environmental implication of this finding and the fact that the hydrazines as a class have tumorigenic properties are discussed.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1976

Tumorigenic effects of chronic administration of benzylhydrazine dihydrochloride and phenylhydrazine hydrochloride in Swiss mice.

Separate solutions of 0.015% benzylhydrazine dihydrochloride and 0.01% phenylhydrazine hydrochloride were given continuously in the drinking water of 6- and 5-week-old randomly bred Swiss mice for the remainder of their life. The consumption of benzylhydrazine dihydrochloride significantly increased the lung tumor incidence from 21 to 42% in the females, while in phenylhydrazine hydrochloride-treated mice, the incidence of blood vessel tumors rose significanly from 5 to 22% in females and from 6 to 20% in males, as compared with the controls. Histopathologically, the tumors were classified as adenomas and adenocarcinomas of lungs and angiomas and angiosarcomas of blood vessels. The study thus proves for the first time the tumorigenicity of benzylhydrazine dihydrochloride. It also confirms the tumor inducing ability of phenylhydrazine hydrochloride, which is used in medicine for treatment of polycythemia vera.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Photochemically induced cross-links between DNA and alcohol dehydrogenase or salmine, respectively.

Model experiments with two structurally different proteins (alcohol dehydrogenase and salmine) show that glycine, alanine, and tyrosine are by far more frequently involved in photochemically induced cross-link formations with DNA than is cysteine. The yields for cross-link formation of thymidine with salmine (cysteine-free) are about as high as those with alcohol dehydrogenase (athiol protein).

Alcohol Oxidoreductases↗
PubMed1976

Scanning electron-microscopic study of the surface characteristics of neoplastic endothelial cells of blood vessels.

The morphological surface characteristics of neoplastic endothelial cells of blood vessels induced by oral administration of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride in mice were studied by scanning electron microscopy. The interconnecting vascular channels were lined by malignant endothelial cells which formed bridges, cord-like structures and had extended cytoplasmic processes which made the network more intricate. The endothelial cells were often in close approximation to each other and exhibited irregular growth patterns and orientation. The cell surface displayed a rugged, terrace-like microcontour of elevations, depressions, blebs and nodular structures. These findings correlate with the earlier morphological observation obtained by transmission electron microscopy.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Trimethylhydrazine hydrochloride as a tumor inducer in Swiss mice.

A 0.05% solution of trimethylhydrazine hydrochloride (TMH) administered for a lifetime in drinking water to outbred Swiss albino mice, beginning at 6 weeks of age, induced tumors of blood vessels, lungs, and kidneys. The tumor incidences in these tissues in untreated controls were 5,22 and 0%, whereas in the treated groups the corresponding tumor incidences increased to 85, 44, and 6%, respectively. Histopathologically, tumors were classified as angiosarcomas of blood vessels and adenomas of the lungs and kidneys. The study thus demonstrated the tumorigenicity of TMH. Contrary to expectation, the chemical structure modification apparently failed to alter qualitatively the tumorigenic response.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1976

Tumorigenicity of tetramethylhydrazine hydrochloride in Swiss mice.

Tetramethylhydrazine hydrochloride (TEMH) was administered in drinking water as a 0.125% solution to randomly bred Swiss mice for life beginning at 6 weeks of age. As a result of treatment, the incidence of blood vessel tumors rose from 5 to 96% in females and from 6 to 88% in males, while that of lung tumors increased from 21 to 36% in females and from 23 to 28% in males, as compared with untreated controls. The increased incidence of blood vessel tumors, but not of lung neoplasms, was statistically significant. Histopathologically, the tumors exhibited the characteristics of angiomas and angiosarcomas of blood vessels and adenomas of the lung. The investigation proved for the first time the tumorigenicity of TEMH. The possible role of increased methyl substitution on hydrazine in tumorigenesis was also discussed, as well as hydrazine derivatives as a tumor-producing class.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1976

Production of intestinal and other tumours by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride in mice. II. Scanning electron microscopic and cytochemical study of colonic neoplasms.

Thum of colon induced by repeated subcutaneous injections of 1,2-dimethyl-hydrazine dihydrochloride in mice were studied by scanning electron microscopy. In addition, the surface composition of normal and malignant colonic epithelial cells were investigated by ultrastructural cytochemistry. The neoplastic, nodular tumour masses which protruded into the lumen of colon displayed an asymmetrical, irregular growth pattern and surface contour. In contrast to the normal surface structure, the shape of crypt openings in malignant areas was distorted and they were irregularly spaced. Cells varying in size and shape in the intercrypt regions often formed random patterns of elevations and depressions. Microvilli on neoplastic cells were larger, more club-shaped and showed more disorderly arrangement than their normal counterparts. The distribution and quantity of surface acid mucopolysaccharide content and adenosine triphosphatase activity varied considerably from cell to cell in the neoplastic epithelium while they were more uniform in the normal colonic surface cells.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1976

Tumorigenicity of beta-phenylethylhydrazine sulfate in mice.

The continuous lifetime administration of 0.015% beta-phenylethylhydrazine sulfate in the drinking water of Swiss mice, beginning at 6 weeks of age, gave rise to tumors of the lungs and blood vessels. As compared to untreated controls, the incidence of lung tumors rose from 21 to 56% in females and from 23 to 36% in males, while the incidence of vascular tumors increased from 5 to 44% in females and from 6 to 8% in males. Statistically, the increased incidence of tumors of lungs and blood vessels in females appears to be significant. The treatment had no statistically significant effect on the development of tumors in males. Histopathological examination revealed the characteristic appearance of adenoma and adenocarcinoma of the lungs, and angioma and angiosarcoma of blood vessels. This study reports for the first time the tumorigenicity of beta-phenylethylhydrazine sulfate, which is currently used to treat mental depression.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1976

Production of intestinal and other tumors by 1, 2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride in mice. I. A light and transmission electron microscopic study of colonic neoplasms.

Single or ten weekly subcutaneous injection(s) of 1, 2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride were administered separately to Swiss mice. The repeated application gave rise mainly to high incidences of tumors in the large intestine. These neoplasms occurred most frequently in the colorectal area and in cecum adjacent to ileum. Light microscopically, these lesions were classified as polypoid adenomas and adenocarcinomas. Most of the adenocarcinomas were highly invasive, although they metastasized rarely. The fine structure of the malignant cells exhibited features typical of columnar absorptive cells. A distinctive alteration was the disorderly arrangement and abnormal size and shape of the microvilli. In addition, the cells exhibited numerous free ribosomes, little RER, priminent Golgi bodies, and uniformly dispersed nuclear chromatin. Morphologically, the intestinal tumors were similar to those found in man. In addition, the repeated administration of 1, 2-DMH also induced significant incidences of neoplasms in blood vessels, lungs, anus, and kidneys while the single application produced tumors in blood vessels and liver. The main hypotheses attempting to explain the selective induction of large intestinal neoplasms are discussed.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1976

[Early and late effects of the gestational course following commisurotomy].

Early and late effects of pregnancy on the cardio-vascular system and on the outcome of the pregnancy were studied in 82 women after commissurotomies. According to the clinical and instrumental investigations the burden of pregnancy may only be temporary and might cause no demonstrable damage on case of careful supervision of specialists before, during and after pregnancy and if there is a considerate delivery. Due to the higher number of "small for date babies" the fetal perinatal mortality rate and premature births are higher than in the general population. The higher incidence of "small for date babies" seems to be related to a decrease of the function of placenta in cases of premature delivery. Further improvement of matermal and foetal results is expected from perfecting diagnostic methods and from a better coordination of the team work of heart surgeons, cardiologists and gynaecologists.

Abortion, Threatened↗