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Biomedical subjects

B U Philips

Publications and source records attributed to B U Philips.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Confirmation. Practice behavior for treatment of new morbidity disorders reflects residency experience.

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate congruence between practice and residency training in the treatment of children with five "new morbidity" disorders. Data were obtained through mailed questionnaires. Counseling and behavior modification, without medications, were used for all five disorders by respondents most recently completing pediatric residency. Medications were used more frequently by pediatricians who had completed their residency training longer ago, particularly for nocturnal enuresis and chronic abdominal pain. The most recent graduates tended to treat a larger number of children with temper tantrums and separation anxiety. This is believed to result from more recent graduates being more comfortable and confident in recognizing and treating these conditions. In contrast, no association was noted between year in which residency was completed and number of children treated for nocturnal enuresis and chronic abdominal pain. This results from parents volunteering these symptomatic conditions since they perceive them to be medical problems.

Behavior Therapy↗
PubMed1991

Use of a modified Delphi technique to guide coordination of cancer education in Texas medical schools.

Delphi technique is a method of structuring group communication and is useful in achieving consensus on goals, plans, or positions. The Delphi technique was used to determine a course of action to enhance cancer education at each of eight medical schools in Texas. Participants in this study were deans of medicine and a faculty member considered to be the lead cancer expert in the curriculum. A three-generation Delphi study was conducted with the deans using a telephone interview, a personal interview, and a conference of participants, including cancer experts. The Delphi technique was found to be an effective approach for increasing awareness of the statewide cancer plan, for involving all medical schools in achieving the goals of the plan, and for identifying means for enhancing cancer education at each medical school. A consensus was reached to develop a statewide standardized assessment of graduating medical students' knowledge about principles of cancer prevention and screening. The results could serve as a means of determining cancer education needs at each medical school.

Communication↗
PubMed1990

Expectations of preschool children to protect themselves from cigarette smoke: results of a smoking prevention program for preschool children.

Because preschoolers and first graders show signs of readiness to try smoking and because they are already learning about smoking through their environment, smoking prevention at the preschool level is appropriate. The large numbers of children seen in primary care practices and day care facilities are indicative of the numbers that could be exposed to smoking prevention instruction through these settings. This study assessed the future expectations of children to protect themselves from sidestream smoke after participating in a preschool smoking prevention program offered in four primary care settings. Through this program, children and their parents read stories and complete activities concerning the human body and the health risks of smoking. Using a randomized posttest-only case control design, the authors found that children who were exposed to the curriculum were more than twice as likely as others to report the intention to act to protect themselves from adult sidestream smoke.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1989

Behavioral prescription writing in smoking cessation counseling: a new use for a familiar tool.

Tobacco use, a self-inflicted epidemic, causes more than 390,000 deaths in the United States each year. Smoking is a habit perpetuated by both physiologic and psychosocial mechanisms. Physician use of behavioral prescriptions is a practical, familiar, and efficient method for achieving smoking cessation. Physicians should ask patients if they want to quit smoking, take a smoking history, motivate patients to quit by personalizing risks, set a quit date, and then follow the behavioral prescription. Behavioral prescription involves writing prescriptions based on a plan that leads the patient through five successive weeks of behavioral modification, culminating in complete cessation of cigarette use. Physician time involved is minimal, since the approach requires only two meetings in person--one at an initial patient visit, and a second at a follow-up appointment.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

A developmental basis for social support.

Developmental theory is proposed as a basis for understanding how social support is learned. The effect of life events on learning about social support is described. Six themes common to the developmental process which help to shape individual perceptions about social support are outlined.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Role and functions of the academic coordinator of clinical education in physical therapy education: a survey.

The Academic Coordinator of Clinical Education occupies a unique position in physical therapy education, often serving as the link between the didactic and the clinical domains of the program. A wealth of anecdotal information suggests the need for a more systematic study of the role and functions of the ACCE. A survey based on a self-administered questionnaire was sent to the ACCEs at 101 physical therapy education programs in the United States. A usable response rate of 79% was sufficient for the analysis. This study identifies some of the functions of the ACCEs, profiles their demographic characteristics, and describes the educational programs in which they work. The time ACCEs devote to participation in teaching, administrative, scholarly, and service activities is reported. In general, the ACCEs reported that the didactic and clinical curricula of their programs were well integrated.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Cultural consciousness and minority representation in health professions.

It appears the problems inherent in the underrepresentation of minorities in the health professions, especially medicine, are likely to continue, at least in the near future. This being the case, it becomes important to maximize the effectiveness of those minorities already in the system.This paper describes a study conducted to verify certain assumptions which underlie programs aimed at increasing minority student enrollment in medical schools. It is assumed minority students are aware of the health problems unique to minority populations, that they plan to do something to address these problems, and that they will have some effect on the problem and the health of minority populations.

Attitude↗
PubMed1976

A follow-up evaluation of a summer health career program for minority students.

In an effort to attract minority students to health careers, a special summer education health career experience was developed. A matched comparison group design was utilized to determine the value of this program. Data were collected on both the participants and a matched comparison group three months before and six months after the program. Differences on most of the measures were not significant; however, there was a significant difference on stability of first career choice, indicating that a special summer program can and does have an effect on the participants. The study makes it clear that program effects cannot be assumed unless a follow-up evaluation is undertaken.

Career Choice↗
PubMed1976

A formative and summative evaluation model for special educational programs.

During the past two decades the problems of recruiting minority students into careers in the health fields have been addressed by many educators and various special study groups. Recent efforts by schools of medicine and allied health sciences to find viable solutions to the problem have facilitated implementation of career exploration and study-skills programs. Although the focus and sophistication of evaluation designs vary substantially among educational programs of this type, all share some common problems. The positions taken by the authors is that evaluation, both during and at the end of a program, is an essential aspect of the program and that the use of a systematic evaluation model is central to this effort. Data are presented which illustrate the utility of a systematic evaluation model when applied in a realistic test situation (an operational program for minority students). Several advantages of using this model are discussed.

Career Choice↗
PubMed1975

The effects of drug education courses on attitudinal change in adult participants.

Five hundred eighty-nine adult participants in 10-day drug education courses held at the National Center for Drug Education in Oklahoma were tested before and after each course to assess changes in their attitudes toward drug use and abuse resulting from the course. Twenty-eight opinion statements were found to significantly distinguish the opinions of different occupational groups both before and after the course. Most participants changed their learning priorities for drug education as a result of the course. Participants' personal history of drug use correlated with changes in their learning priorities for drug education.

Adult↗