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Biomedical subjects

B V Jensen

Publications and source records attributed to B V Jensen.

34 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Arteriovenous shunts used in hemodialysis. A retrospective study of the results in 86 patients treated during a 5-year period].

During a period of five years, 104 arterio-venous fistulas and 14 PTFE-grafts were used in the construction of vascular access for long term hemodialysis in 86 patients with end-stage renal disease. The overall cumulative patency rate is 71% at one year, 64% at two years and 47% at five years. Sex and age cannot be shown to influence the patency rates. The vascular access sites in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis have significantly higher patency rates than the vascular access sites in patients with chronic pyelonephritis. We are unable to show any difference in the patency rates of vascular access sites salvaged by revision compared with patency rate of the remaining access sites. The following conclusions are drawn: 1) In the majority of patients undergoing the first vascular access operations, an arterio-venous fistula is the procedure of choice. 2) Advanced age does not itself contraindicate the construction of an arterio-venous fistula. 3) Reoperation should be considered, if dialysis is no longer possible.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Fracture of the trapezoid bone].

Fractures of the trapezoid body and the trapezoid ridge are rare. It is important to be aware of both diagnosis, because the trapezoid body fractures may cause persistent subluxation and degenerative arthritis in the trapezio-metacarpal joint with pain and restricted movements, and the trapezoid ridge fractures may cause chronic pain and disturbed function of the median nerve. If standard x-rays are found to be normal in a patient with symptoms of trapezoid body or ridge fracture, special oblique views or carpal tunnel views should be undertaken.

Carpal Bones↗
PubMed1990

Forefoot transcutaneous oxygen tension at different leg positions in patients with peripheral vascular disease.

Transcutaneous oxygen tension (TcPo2) was measured on the forefoot of 150 limbs of 128 patients with different stages of peripheral vascular disease (PVD) and on 36 limbs of 18 healthy subjects in the sitting and supine position. The diagnostic value of TcPo2 measurements was tested and compared with indirect toe pressure measurements. TcPo2 measured in the supine position gives the best diagnostic discrimination between healthy controls and patients with PVD and between patients with different degrees of PVD. The median TcPo2 in patients with PVD and rest pain (severe PVD), patients with PVD without rest pain (moderate PVD) and control subjects was 12 mmHg (range 0-61), 50 mmHg (range 0-86), and 60 mmHg (range 35-78), respectively. In the supine position, 95% of the patients with severe PVD had TcPo2 values below 40 mmHg, as opposed to 28% of the patients with moderate PVD and 8% of the control subjects. TcPo2 below 40 mmHg measured on the forefoot in the supine position suggests severe ischaemia. The diagnostic value of TcPo2 measurement is comparable with that of toe systolic pressure measurement. As a diagnostic and quantitative non-invasive method of evaluating patients suspected of PVD, TcPo2 measurement is ideal as it is easy to perform, and does not cause discomfort.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Aorto-iliac arteriosclerotic disease in young human adults.

A highly selected group of patients younger than 50 years of age operated on for isolated aorto-iliac arteriosclerotic disease over a 7 year period has been investigated. The group has a significant dominance of females, and the patients are further characterised by being apparently otherwise "healthy" individuals. The indication for surgery was intermittent claudication in 80% and rest pain/gangrene in the remainder, with a low postoperative morbidity and no mortality. The overall cumulative patency rate is 89% at 4 years. At follow-up, a large majority of the patients were free of symptoms and the long-term results were significantly better in females. The question arises whether our group of patients, especially the young females with isolated aorto-iliac arteriosclerotic lesion, represent a separate disease entity which, when properly treated, is a benign and curable condition.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Late effects on pulmonary function of mantle-field irradiation, chemotherapy or combined modality therapy for Hodgkin's disease.

The aim of the present study was to assess late pulmonary sequelae after treatment for Hodgkin's disease with various treatment modalities. Pulmonary function was studied in 142 patients per median 8 years after treatment for Hodgkin's disease with mantle-field irradiation (54 patients), chemotherapy (26 patients) or mantle-field irradiation followed by chemotherapy (62 patients). Mantle-field irradiation was associated with a primary obstructive and minor restrictive lung function impairment, whereas chemotherapy and combined modality therapy were associated with a restrictive lung function impairment. The number of patients with impaired lung function and the number of patients with complaints of dyspnea, however, were almost the same in the three treatment groups. 5% of the 142 patients had a pathologically low total lung capacity, i.e. values less than 2 standard deviations below predicted values. Pathologically low values of forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in 1 second were seen in 33% and 27% of the patients. 33% of the smokers (n = 80) had a pathologically low diffusion capacity in contrast to 8% of the non-smokers (n = 62). Dyspnea on exertion was present in 24% of the 142 patients and was more frequent among patients with pulmonary functional abnormalities. In conclusion, late pulmonary sequelae after treatment for Hodgkin's disease do not provide a basis for choice between otherwise equally effective treatment regimes.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Influence of age and duration of follow-up on lung function after combined chemotherapy for Hodgkin's disease.

Pulmonary function was studied in 48 patients 4-13 yrs after treatment for Hodgkin's disease with mantle-field irradiation followed by standard mechlorethamine, Oncovin, procarbazine and prednisone (MOPP) chemotherapy. The patients were found to have a restrictive lung disease suggestive of pulmonary fibrosis. Low age at therapy (less than or equal to 30 yrs, median 24 yrs) was associated with a significantly more pronounced restrictive lung function impairment than older age (greater than 30 yrs, median 40 yrs) suggesting a higher susceptibility to the pulmonary side-effects of therapy. In addition younger smokers had a significantly greater reduction in diffusion capacity and forced expiratory volume in one second than older smokers, suggesting a higher susceptibility to the additional adverse effect of smoking. With longer follow-up nonsmokers had an increase in static lung volumes. It is suggested that this may be the result of more frequent pulmonary infections in such patients as compared with the general population. However, the duration of follow-up was not associated with changes in other indices of lung function.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Traumatic anterior dislocation of the hip. Case report.

An unusual traumatic anterior dislocation of the hip in a 47-year-old woman is reported. The mechanism of trauma behind anterior hip dislocations and their diagnosis are described and the prognosis of hip dislocations in general is mentioned.

Accidents↗
PubMed1989

Serum and urinary phosphate during and after prolonged muscular ischaemia in non-exercising men and women.

Serum inorganic phosphate (Pi) concentrations and urinary Pi excretions were measured in nine patients undergoing abdominal aortic bypass grafting (group I) and in nine patients undergoing lower limb arterial embolectomy (group II). In group I, serum Pi concentrations were normal until 24 h after reperfusion, when they decreased, reaching their nadir at 48 h (median Pi 0.45 mmol 1(-1). The urinary phosphate clearance relative to the creatinine clearance (Cp/Cc) increased 5 min after reperfusion reaching a maximal median value (0.454) in the 2-24-h collection period. In group II, eight patients had a normal and one had a subnormal serum Pi before reperfusion. None developed hypo- or hyperphosphataemia and the Cp/Cc remained unchanged. Daily urinary Pi excretion was higher in group I than in group II (P less than 0.03). The authors concluded that the regional muscular ischaemia in non-exercising men and women was not associated with hyperphosphataemia. The possible influence of major surgery and anaesthesia on phosphate homeostasis should be considered.

Aorta, Abdominal↗
PubMed1987

Hypereosinophilia in a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

A case of a coincident acute lymphoblastic leukemia and marked eosinophilia is presented. The clinical and pathological features of this case are discussed with special emphasis on the hypereosinophilic syndrome versus secondary hypereosinophilia that can be found to accompany ALL. Special immunological studies may be helpful in the diagnostic procedures.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Late appearance of arterial injury caused by fracture of the neck of the humerus.

A 65-year-old man sustained a fracture of the humeral neck. Four days later he suddenly developed symptoms of occlusion of the axillary artery. The fracture was reduced and fixated and the torn intima occluding this artery was fixated. Clots were removed with a Fogarty balloon catheter. Late appearance of arterial injury is rare and we found no reports of this complication after fracture of the humeral neck.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Increased prognostic value of combined myocardial perfusion imaging and exercise electrocardiography in patients with coronary artery disease.

BACKGROUND: Myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) with technetium-99m-labeled sestamibi and exercise electrocardiography (EECG) are widely used for risk stratification of patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease (CAD). However, no large-scale studies have addressed the prognostic power of the combined information from these diagnostic tools. METHODS AND RESULTS: We studied 697 consecutive patients who underwent a 2-day Tc-99m sestamibi cardiac perfusion imaging protocol. The EECG was performed on a bicycle ergometer by symptom-limited exercise. Causes of death were obtained from death certificates. Univariate survival analyses were performed with a Kaplan-Meier estimate and a corresponding log-rank test. A multivariate Cox proportional hazards model was applied to test for potential predictor covariates obtained from hospital records. The predominant risk factors of cardiac death were fixed perfusion defects (relative risk, 2.55; range, 1.43 to 4.55) and an impaired circulatory exercise response (relative risk, 3.26; range, 1.74 to 6.08). The major prognostic information of MPI was the ability to detect patients with a definitively low risk. Patients with impaired circulatory response to exercise test and fixed perfusion defects were at a very high risk. CONCLUSION: The combined results of MPI and EECG provide substantial information on the long-term risk of cardiac death in patients with suspected CAD.

Coronary Circulation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Radiographic evaluation of pulmonary fibrosis following mantle field irradiation in Hodgkin's disease.

Sixty-nine patients given mantle field radiation therapy for Hodgkin's disease and considered relapse-free and possibly cured were re-examined for pulmonary fibrosis as observed on antero-posterior and lateral chest radiographs. A method is described for the systematic evaluation of these late stage changes, which are observed following irradiation, in a numerical form. The method gave reproducible results in this series, the correlation coefficient being 0.72/0.81 and 0.73 respectively for the intra-observer and the inter-observer variations. The method thus may facilitate comparison between different patient materials.

Adult↗