PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

B V Jones

Publications and source records attributed to B V Jones.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

Hypertensive encephalopathy in children.

We present five cases of hypertensive encephalopathy in children, three with MR imaging findings and two with CT findings alone. One of the five patients had MR perfusion imaging, which showed perfusion abnormalities that support the concept of vasodilation as the major contributor to the syndrome. Hypertensive encephalopathy is rarely reported in children, and its true prevalence may be underestimated. Characteristic lesions in the severely hypertensive child should be recognized as manifestations of hypertensive encephalopathy, and subsequent clinical management should focus on treatment of the hypertension and/or its underlying causes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Identification of a molecule uniquely expressed on a gamma/delta TCR+ subset within bovine intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes.

An antigen has been identified, recognized by a novel monoclonal antibody CC45, which is expressed by a subpopulation of bovine gamma/delta T-cell receptor-positive (gamma/delta TCR+) T cells restricted in their distribution to the intestinal epithelium. This subset of intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (iIEL) which represented 8-29% of gamma/delta TCR+ T cells in the gut epithelium expressed CD45, CD3 and L-selectin; most of these cells were CD2- and CD8-. Electron microscopic studies of CC45+ cells revealed that they were large mononuclear leucocytes containing numerous mitochondria and smooth vesicles; a proportion of these contained membrane-bound dense granules. Immunoprecipitation of 125I-labelled iIEL analysed by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under reducing and non-reducing conditions revealed polypeptides of 60,000 and 200,000 molecular weights, respectively indicating that the antigen, which appears distinct from molecules described in other species, is expressed on the cell surface as a complex.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Normal appearance of arachnoid granulations on contrast-enhanced CT and MR of the brain: differentiation from dural sinus disease.

PURPOSE: To determine the imaging appearance and frequency with which arachnoid granulations are seen on contrast-enhanced CT and MR studies of the brain. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 573 contrast-enhanced CT scans and 100 contrast-enhanced MR studies of the brain for the presence of discrete filling defects within the venous sinuses. An anatomic study of the dural sinuses of 29 cadavers was performed, and the location, appearance, and histologic findings of focal protrusions into the dural sinus lumen (arachnoid granulations) were assessed and compared with the imaging findings. RESULTS: Discrete filling defects within the dural sinuses were found on 138 (24%) of the contrast-enhanced CT examinations. A total of 168 defects were found, the majority (92%) within the transverse sinuses. One third were isodense and two thirds were hypodense relative to brain parenchyma. Patients with filling defects were older than patients without filling defects (mean age, 46 years versus 40 years). Discrete intrasinus signal foci were noted on 13 (13%) of the contrast-enhanced MR studies. The foci followed the same distribution as the filling defects seen on CT scans and were isointense to hypointense on T1-weighted images, variable in signal on balanced images, and hyperintense on T2-weighted images. Transverse sinus arachnoid granulations were noted adjacent to venous entrance sites in 62% and 85% of the CT and MR examinations, respectively. Arachnoid granulations were found in 19 (66%) of the cadaveric specimens, in a similar distribution as that seen on the imaging studies. CONCLUSION: Discrete filling defects, consistent with arachnoid granulations, may be seen in the dural sinuses on 24% of contrast-enhanced CT scans and on 13% of MR studies. They are focal, well-defined, and typically located within the lateral transverse sinuses adjacent to venous entrance sites. They should not be mistaken for sinus thrombosis or intrasinus tumor, but recognized as normal structures.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Gastric syphilis: radiologic findings.

Syphilis, a venereal infection caused by the spirochetal bacterium Treponema pallidum, has long been considered a primary public health concern in the United States. With the onset of the antibiotic era, the prevalence of the disease dramatically plummeted, as did interest in its radiologic manifestations. Rolfs and Nakashima [1] have shown that the prevalence of primary and secondary syphilis increased 34% from 1981 to 1989, to its highest level since 1949. Given this dramatic increase, classic manifestations of syphilis may warrant renewed attention. In its secondary and tertiary stages, syphilis can cause a wide range of gastric lesions that can mimic many other entities, from gastritis or benign ulcer disease to gastric carcinoma. Indeed, the acute gastritis of early secondary syphilis produces the earliest radiologically detectable signs of the disease. Cases of gastric syphilis submitted to the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology and cases drawn from the University of Cincinnati teaching file are used to illustrate the varied findings in this disease.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1991

Distinction of naive and memory BoCD4 lymphocytes in calves with a monoclonal antibody, CC76, to a restricted determinant of the bovine leukocyte-common antigen, CD45.

A murine IgG1 monoclonal antibody (mAb), CC76, has been produced that, based on findings of the relative molecular mass of polypeptides that it recognized, staining of leukocytes in blood and tissues, and the biological properties of the T lymphocyte subpopulations with which it reacts, is considered to identify an isoform of the leukocyte common antigen (LCA) family of molecules in cattle. The mAb is more similar to human CD45R which detect products requiring the presence of the B exon within the LCA gene and to the anti-rat mAb MRC-OX22, than to CD45RA or CD45R0. mAb CC76 reacts with an antigen expressed by subpopulations of cells in bovine blood that express BoCD2 and either the BoCD4 or BoCD8 antigens. T cells that express the gamma/delta T cell receptor identified with mAb to BoWC1 antigen did not react with CC76. The molecule detected is expressed on B cells but not on monocytes or granulocytes. Only 2% of cells in thymic suspensions stained with mAb CC76. Immature cortical thymocytes that were BoCD1+ did not react with CC76 and 90% of the cells in thymic suspensions that were CC76+ had the phenotype of mature thymocytes. These cells were primarily in the medulla. The LCA isoform detected thus appears to be acquired by mature cells shortly before emigration from the thymic medulla into the periphery. Expression of the molecule detected by mAb CC76 on cells from lymph nodes was similar to that in blood, but expression on cells from the gut mucosa was quite different. Almost all, 95% and 93% respectively, of the BoCD4+ cells in the gut mucosa or discrete Peyer's patches were CC76-. A greater proportion of BoCD8+ cells from these sites, 35% and 26%, expressed the antigen. Lymphocytes from animals that had been immunized with Trypanosoma brucei were sorted into BoCD4+, CC76+ and BoCD4+, CC76- populations and cultured in vitro with the variable surface glycoprotein antigen from the parasite. Lymphocyte transformation responses were entirely within the CC76- population indicating that the mAb distinguished naive from memory BoCD4+ T cells in cattle. Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-restricted cytotoxic precursor cells that expressed the BoCD8 antigen sorted from cattle that were immune to Theileria parva were both CC76+ and CC76- indicating that different isoforms of the LCA may be expressed on MHC class I- and class II-restricted memory cells and that BoCD8 memory cells are heterogeneous with respect to the LCA isoform that they express.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Production of bovine immunoregulatory molecules by xenogeneic hybrids.

The study of bovine cytokines and lymphocyte surface markers has been restricted by the lack of stable, long-lived, easily maintained cell lines. To address this problem, bovine mononuclear leucocytes were fused with the mouse thymoma cell line BW5147 to produce interspecies hybrid cell lines and clones. Hybridomas were produced which contained more than 40 chromosomes and expressed one or more bovine leucocyte surface markers, they grew well and were cloned without the use of exogenous factors. Fusion rates were improved when exogenous factors, including recombinant human interleukin-2 (rhIL-2), were added. Some hybrids secreted immunoregulatory factors able to maintain the growth of either an IL-2-dependent bovine T-cell line (C625) and/or preactivated normal bovine B cells. Anti-human IL-2 partially blocked the T-cell growth factor (TCGF) activity produced by these hybrids. The release of growth factors by the hybrid clones 5/AA6/16 and 5/AA6/19 was augmented by concanavalin A stimulation.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Investigation of bovine gut associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) using monoclonal antibodies against bovine lymphocytes.

Gut associated lymphoid tissue of the small and large intestine of calves and cows has been compared morphologically and quantitatively using monoclonal antibodies to bovine lymphocytes. B cells were significantly decreased in the ileum of the cow compared to the calf. Significantly increased numbers of T cells were present in cell suspensions of all lymphoid areas of the cow compared to the calf. T lymphocyte subsets were quantified into cryostat sections of lymphoid tissues expressing BoT4, and BoT8 antigens demonstrated increased numbers in follicular and dome areas of the discrete Peyer's patches of the small and large intestine of the cow. BoT4+, BoT8+, and the non-BoT4/BoT8+ T cell subsets were increased in the mucosa of the cow as compared to the calf. Similarities in structure and lymphocyte composition of the discrete Peyer's patches of the small intestine, cecum and colon and isolated single follicles in the large intestine suggest similar functional properties.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1988

Two monoclonal antibodies (CC17, CC29) recognizing an antigen (Bo5) on bovine T lymphocytes, analogous to human CD5.

Two new monoclonal antibodies (CC17 and CC29) raised against bovine thymocytes are described. The antibodies, both of which were IgG1, recognize a molecule of approximately 67,000 molecular weight on bovine T cells. They react T cells in peripheral blood, the lymph node paracortex and the periateriolar lymphoid sheath in the spleen. Both the cortex and medulla of the thymus are stained but the medulla reacts more intensely. They do not stain B cells in peripheral blood, the ileal Peyer's patch, the cortex or the primary follicles in lymph nodes. No activity was found on cells outside the lymphoid system, i.e. monocytes, alveolar macrophages or endothelial and epithelial tissue. The antigen recognized is considered to be the bovine homologue of CD5 (T1) in humans and Lyt1 in mice. The mAbs appear to be particularly useful for detecting cells in the peripheral blood of young calves which are of the T cell lineage but do not express BoT2 or the mature pan T cell antigen recognized by mAb IL-A27 and may thus allow identification of a population of bovine lymphocytes previously described as null cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Production and characterization of bovine monoclonal antibodies to respiratory syncytial virus.

Six interspecific hybridomas (heterohybridomas) secreting bovine monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against respiratory syncytial (RS) virus were produced. Four of the heterohybridomas were formed using the mouse myeloma cell line NS1 as the fusion partner, one using NS0, and the remaining heterohybridoma was formed using a bovine X murine hybridoma as the fusion partner. Five heterohybridomas secreted bovine IgG1 and one secreted IgG2. All six MAbs recognized human subtype A and B viruses as well as bovine RS virus. They were specific for the fusion glycoprotein and reacted with a 140K dimer and a 70K monomer in a Western blot of native antigen; three also bound to the 46K F1 component and its 22K cleavage product in a blot of reduced antigen. Two of these MAbs neutralized RS virus infectivity, inhibited virus-induced fusion, lysed RS virus-infected cells in the presence of complement and protected mice against RS virus challenge.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Pyocin inhibition of Neisseria gonorrhoeae: mechanism of action.

Purified R-type pyocins (611 131) from Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA103 exhibited bactericidal activity against Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Killing of gonococci was a single-hit process requiring as few as 1 pyocin per colony-forming unit. Deoxyriboinucleic acid, ribonucleic acid, protein, and lipid syntheses were rapidly and completely inhibited. Oxygen uptake was also inhibited, but occurred after the inhibition of macromolecular synthesis. The cell lysis which occurred after pyocin inhibition of gonococcal growth was the result of endogenous gonococcal autolysin activity.

Adenine↗