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Biomedical subjects

B Van Beers

Publications and source records attributed to B Van Beers.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Computed tomography of the esophagus, the stomach and the duodenum. Review of methods and results].

Computed tomography (CT) of the esophagus, the stomach and the duodenum allows characterization of some lesions: lipomas, cysts and duplications, recent haematomas, vascular anomalies. CT is particularly used for the extramural staging of neoplasms: despite important limitations, CT may be useful as staging test to identify a subgroup of patients with definitive metastases or local invasion who therefore have unresectable tumors. CT is helpful for the staging of lymphomas. The importance of this staging classification is reflected in differences in treatment and prognosis. CT is also useful for the follow-up after treatment, the diagnosis of recurrence and postoperative complications.

Esophageal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1988

Duodenojejunal intussusception secondary to duodenal tumors.

Duodenojejunal intussusception secondary to duodenal tumors is an uncommon entity. The classic coiled-spring appearance, fairly visible in the jejunum, is not apparent in the duodenum due to its fixed position. This explains why the intussusception is located superiorly in the genu inferius and inferiorly in the duodenojejunal junction. This aspect should not be confused with two separated masses.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Hepatic heterogeneity on CT in Budd-Chiari syndrome: correlation with regional disturbances in portal flow.

A comparative study of the imaging findings of computed tomography (CT), selective arteriography, CT arteriography, and/or CT portography is presented in 4 patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome. Hepatic differences in attenuation and morphologic changes were generally found to be closely related with regional disturbances in portal flow. Areas with complete hepatic vein obstruction were hypodense on pre- and postcontrast scans, probably due to portal flow inversion. In 2 of 4 cases, these were subsequently atrophied, while areas receiving the remaining venous outflow appeared hypertrophied. They were markedly enhanced on postcontrast scans. Enhancement may be patchy due to portal and sinusoidal stasis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Budd-Chiari syndrome: dynamic CT.

A retrospective multi-institutional study was carried out on a series of 38 patients with histologically proved Budd-Chiari syndrome: Five patients had acute disease, and 33 had subacute or chronic disease. All patients underwent dynamic CT scanning. Angiography was performed in 20 cases, inferior cavography in 22, and wedge-hepatic venography in 16. In all acute cases, CT showed global liver enlargement with diffuse hypodensity on plain scans and patchy enhancement after contrast material injection. Thrombosis of the three main hepatic veins was always demonstrated. In subacute or chronic disease, plain CT scans showed abnormalities of liver morphology and hypodensity either in atrophic areas (19 cases) or in the periphery of the liver (eight cases). With dynamic CT, patchy enhancement was present in 28 cases. Correlation with angiography in 15 cases revealed a normal portal blood flow in enhanced areas and an inversed portal blood flow in atrophic areas. Different morphologic and enhancement patterns on CT scans could be related to the direction of portal blood flow, which changes with different stages of Budd-Chiari syndrome.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1985

[Diagnosis of internal jugular vein thrombosis by x-ray computed tomography].

We made the diagnosis of internal jugular vein thrombosis by computed tomography in 3 cases. The CT diagnostic signs are the following: widening of the vein caliber, absence of opacification or nonhomogeneous aspect of the opacification of the lumen, and parietal contrast fixation. Classical and more recent etiology refers to cervico-facial infections and injuries, central venous catheterizations and local surgery, compression by a cervical mass, and use of oral contraceptives. The advantage of CT consists in its noninvasive contribution to defining a diagnosis that pathology, which is nonspecific (painful cervical tumefaction), often cannot reach.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Focal necrosis of the ureter following CT-guided chemical sympathectomy.

Focal necrosis of the ureter was observed in our patient 7 days after CT-guided chemical sympathectomy. The injection of phenol was apparently rendered remote from the ureter and still caused ureteric necrosis. Ureteric injury may thus result following chemical sympathectomy, not from direct puncture of the ureter, but from unpredictable individual diffusion pathways.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Magnetic resonance imaging of lower abdominal and pelvic lesions: assessment of oral magnetic particles as an intestinal contrast agent.

To determine the value of oral magnetic particles (OMP) as a superparamagnetic MR contrast agent for the gastrointestinal tract in lower abdominal and pelvic lesions, 30 patients underwent spin-echo imaging before and after ingestion of OMP at a dose of approximately 80 mg of iron in 800 ml water. The preparation was divided into four portions and taken by the patient over a 2-h period. Two readers independently reviewed the MR images. The contrast material was well tolerated and the distribution of the contrast material was good to excellent in the proximal and pelvic small bowel, but was not sufficient in the colon with the dose and timing used in the study. Postcontrast images showed a significantly better delineation of the lesions, the small bowel, and the paraaortic region, but no significant improvement in the delineation of the colon, the iliac vessels area, the bladder or genital tract. Compared with precontrast images, confidence in defining or excluding disease on postcontrast images was better, equal or worse in 40, 60 and 0% of cases, respectively (P less than 0.001) with a substantial agreement between readers (kappa = 0.71). OMP produced susceptibility artefacts of significant intensity in only one case. These results indicate that OMP may be useful in the delineation of lower abdominal and pelvic lesions at MR imaging. Marking of the colon by a contrast agent might improve the results.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

CT findings of perforated duodenal diverticulitis.

The diagnosis of duodenal diverticulitis is rarely made preoperatively by upper gastrointestinal series or plain abdominal films. We describe a case of perforated duodenal diverticulitis diagnosed by CT.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intrathoracic rib: CT features.

Computed tomography may suggest the diagnosis of intrathoracic rib (IR) by two criteria: (a) The abnormal extrapleural shadow has cortical margins on bone windows; (b) the shadow articulates with the spine or with a rib. The significance of an IR lies in recognizing it as an innocuous thoracic shadow, one not to be mistaken for other more serious lesions, thus preventing additional procedures.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Thoracic collateral venous channels: normal and pathologic CT findings.

Opacification of thoracic collateral venous channels (CVC) on chest CT is considered a useful sign of superior vena cava (SVC) obstruction, although its lack of specificity has occasionally been emphasized. We compared the degree of opacification of six various thoracic CVC in a group of 36 patients with SVC syndrome and in a control group of 50 patients; a dynamic incremental CT technique with bolus injection was used. Opacification of at least one CVC is inaccurate for the diagnosis of SVC obstruction, with a false-positive and false-negative rate of 34 and 31%, respectively. Only the opacification of the subcutaneous anterior channel provides a good specificity (96%), significantly higher (p less than 0.05) than that observed for the posterior collateral channels. In patients in whom the clinical records and other direct CT signs of vena cava obstruction are doubtful or absent, opacification of a subcutaneous anterior channel on chest CT should lead to a suspicion of obstruction of the SVC and cavography should be performed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of the liver: MR and CT findings.

The MR imaging features in five patients with hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) were correlated with CT and pathologic findings. Two hemangioendotheliomas appeared as multiple nodular lesions with a predominantly peripheral location in the liver. In three more extensive cases, the tumors formed confluent peripheral lesions with macroscopic invasion of portal or hepatic veins (n = 3), signs of portal hypertension (n = 3), and nodular hypertrophy of uninvolved liver (n = 2). These findings, suggestive of EHE, were well demonstrated by MR imaging and CT. The internal architecture of the tumors was clearly depicted on T2-weighted MR images. Viable tumor peripheries appeared moderately hyperintense relative to liver. The center of the tumors consisted of one or several concentric zones. Hyperintense central zones were composed of loose, edematous connective tissue. Hypointense zones contained mainly coagulation necrosis, calcifications, and scattered hemorrhages. Except for the presence of calcifications, the internal architecture of EHE was better defined by MR imaging than by CT.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dynamic CT in pancreatic lymphoma.

We retrospectively reviewed the dynamic CT examinations of eight patients with pancreatic lymphoma. Four tumors were rounded masses with well-defined contours, four were more infiltrating lesions. The median cross-sectional diameter of the tumors was 6 cm (range 2.5-12 cm). At dynamic CT, the tumors were hypodense (n = 8) and somewhat heterogeneous (n = 6). Additional features were enlarged lymph nodes, 1-3 cm in diameter (n = 5), dilatation of the biliary tract and pancreatic duct (n = 5), abnormalities in the fat around the celiac trunk and/or the superior mesenteric artery (n = 4), and venous stenosis or occlusion (n = 7). The CT findings of pancreatic lymphoma are more various than has been previously reported. Findings such as small tumor size, well-defined contours, tumor heterogeneity, pancreatic duct dilatation, and venous invasion may be seen. Pancreatic lymphoma cannot be reliably distinguished from pancreatic carcinoma by CT findings alone.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMedDate not supplied

MRI of complicated anal fistulae: comparison with digital examination.

OBJECTIVES: The assessment of complicated anal fistulae is based on digital examination. Our objective was to study the potential role of MRI in this setting by comparing preoperative digital examination with MRI. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Digital examination and MRI were prospectively and blindly interpreted in 13 patients with complicated anal fistulae. Surgical findings were used as standard. RESULTS: Complete agreement between the results of digital examination and the surgical findings was observed in 8 patients and between the results of MRI and the surgical findings in 12 patients. Digital examination misclassified two low transsphincteric fistulae as high transsphincteric and missed high secondary extensions or abscesses in three other patients. Magnetic resonance misclassified only one suprasphincteric fistula as low transsphincteric and did not overlook high secondary extensions or abscesses. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that MRI may show abnormalities not detected by preoperative digital examination.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cystic tumors of the pancreas: dynamic CT studies.

OBJECTIVE: Our retrospective study was performed to reassess the common dynamic CT manifestations of cystic tumors of the pancreas and to determine whether they might allow the differentiation between benign and malignant tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Dynamic CT examinations of 19 patients with 20 cystic tumors of the pancreas, including 7 serous cystadenomas, 3 benign mucinous cystadenomas, 5 mucinous cystadenocarcinomas, 3 mucin-producing duct ectasias, and 2 papillary cystic epithelial neoplasms, were retrospectively reviewed. The examinations were obtained with 4 to 5 mm collimation with intravenous injection of 120-130 ml of contrast agent. RESULTS: Calcifications were found only in benign tumors (seven serous cyst-adenomas). Internal septations were found in benign and malignant tumors (seven serous cystadenomas, three benign mucinous cystadenomas, three mucinous cystadenocarcinomas). Solid excrescences within cystic cavities were found only in malignant tumors (two mucinous cystadenocarcinomas, two mucin-producing duct ectasias). Dynamic CT features allowed the distinguishing of serous cystadenomas from other cystic tumors and mucin-producing duct ectasias from other mucinous tumors. Dynamic CT features did not permit differentiation between benign mucinous cystadenomas, mucinous cystadenocarcinomas, and papillary cystic epithelial neoplasms. CONCLUSION: The review suggests that dynamic CT findings are useful to differentiate (a) serous cystadenomas and mucin-producing duct ectasias from other cystic tumors of the pancreas and (b) benign from malignant tumors. Such differentiation has impact on patient management.

Aged↗