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Biomedical subjects

B W Leeming

Publications and source records attributed to B W Leeming.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Renal artery imaging: a prospective comparison of intra-arterial digital subtraction angiography with conventional angiography.

This study describes a systematic comparison of intra-arterial digital subtraction angiography (DSA) of the main renal arteries with conventional angiography (CA), the currently accepted "gold standard" for the diagnosis of renal artery stenosis. Twenty-five patients scheduled for abdominal aortography for various indications underwent first DSA then CA. The DSA and CA images were evaluated for number of renal arteries, presence and grade of renal artery stenosis, presence of post-stenotic dilation or fibromuscular changes, and diagnostic and pictorial adequacy of the images. DSA was found to be diagnostically adequate in 92% of cases, compared with 96% for CA. In evaluating significant main renal artery stenosis, which the authors assumed to be any stenosis greater than 50%, there were 10 such stenoses seen by CA. DSA also detected 10 cases, but there was 1 false positive and 1 false negative, yielding a sensitivity of 90% and a specificity of 98%. There was also close correlation of DSA and CA for the few cases of post-stenotic dilatation and fibromuscular dysplasia encountered. The authors conclude that DSA is an acceptable substitute for CA in the evaluation of patients for main renal artery stenosis.

Angiography↗
PubMed1985

Effect of meglumine iothalamate on renal hemodynamics and function in the diabetic rat.

Diabetic rats were given an intravenous (external jugular vein) injection of 3 mg/kg of 60% meglumine iothalamate to test for this contrast agent's functional effects on the kidney. Rats were made diabetic by the intravenous injection of 60 mg/kg streptozotocin six months prior to the experiment and received no treatment during the interim. Glomerular filtration rate, renal blood flow, blood pressure, and sodium reabsorption were measured immediately before and at timed intervals after the administration of the contrast agent. In the diabetic rats, meglumine iothalamate caused a small and brief increase in renal blood flow followed by a sustained decrease; in the control animals an initial rapid rise was followed by a sustained elevation. Glomerular filtration rate also decreased slightly after contrast agent injection and remained depressed below baseline in the diabetic rats, whereas in the control animals it rose slightly above baseline and returned to control values by the end of the experiment. Sodium reabsorption was initially much higher than that of the controls, and it remained much higher throughout the experiment but decreased slightly just after injection of the contrast agent. Volume expansion of the diabetic animals decreased fractional sodium reabsorption to levels similar to those of the control rats but did not normalize the response of renal blood flow, glomerular filtration rate, or sodium reabsorption. Dehydration of control animals increased initial sodium reabsorption to levels similar to those of the diabetic animals but did not normalize the response to the contrast agent of the glomerular filtration rate, renal blood flow, or sodium reabsorption.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Computerized radiologic reporting with voice data-entry.

The accurate, voice entry of radiologic reports into a computer takes significantly longer than entry by keyboard. Careful speech and considerable patience are required to avoid an unacceptably high error-rate. With improvements in the future, this technology may compete with the conventional technology.

Computers↗
PubMed1979

Advances in radiologic reporting with Computerized Language Information Processing (CLIP).

Computerized Language Information Processing (CLIP) is a system of radiologic reporting in which the user interacts with a computer keyboard and cathode-ray tube terminal to generate coded reports. The hierarchical medical classification on which the code is based permits rapid on-line compilation of reports of any degree of complexity. The system provides organized sets of pre-assembled statements that are rapidly accessed and modified for each examination. Although the reports are printed in English, they are held in the computer as a succinct code that is eminently suited for permanent storage and rapid retrieval.

Classification↗
PubMed1978

Renal failure following major angiography.

Acute renal failure following angiography with contrast agents is known to occur, but the circumstances and frequency of its occurrence are not well described. A retrospective review of consecutive angiographic procedures performed over a six month interval revealed a 12 per cent incidence of renal failure following angiography. The degree of failure was severe in approximately 30 per cent of these cases and was associated with a significant mortality even though renal function usually recovered. The occurrence of renal failure was associated with the presence of renal insufficiency, impaired liver function, diabetes mellitus, hypoalbuminemia and proteinuria at the time of angiography to a statistically significant level. Furthermore, combinations of these factors, particularly preexisting combined renal insufficiency and impaired liver function, were associated with an increased incidence of acute renal failure. It is concluded that angiography poses a significant hazard to patients with underlying medical problems, particularly those involving the excretory routes of the contrast agent.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1977

A comparison of fluoroscopically controlled patient positioning and conventional positioning, including comparative dosimetry.

The size of the area of exposure on the skin during excretory urography was determined by either technician-controlled fluoroscopy or conventional assessment in 2 comparable groups of patients. The mean skin exposure to radiation per patient was the same in each group. The time required for a urogram was 10% less when fluoroscopy was employed. Since accurate, tightly shuttered exposure areas improve radiographic quality, fluoroscopically controlled determination of patient positioning is justified.

Adolescent↗