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B Weder

Publications and source records attributed to B Weder.

30 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Diagnosis of optic neuropathy in endocrine orbitopathy].

By presenting the case of a patient with Graves-disease, different methods that permit detection of optic nerve compression are discussed. Beside reduced visual acuity and pathological visual fields, measurement of episcleral venous pressure, pathological visually-evoked potentials (VEP) and enlarged extraocular muscels (detected by CT and MRI) give good additional evidence of optic nerve compression in Graves-disease.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1990

[The contribution of single-photon emission-computed tomography in cerebral function diagnosis].

Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) makes it possible to visualize physiological and chemical processes in the cerebrum. In this technique, single photon emitting nuclides such as 99m technetium and 123 iodine, which are tagged to other compounds, or 133xenon, are used for the study of several clinical conditions. After injection of the radiopharmaceutic agent the radioactivity is measured by a rotating gamma-camera from numerous directions. Based on the measured values, its distribution within the brain can be computed and transformed in tomographic slices. We present our experience with the method in clinical practice using preferentially N-isopropyl-(123I)-p-iodoamphetamine (123I-IMP) and 99mTc hydroxymethyl-propylene-amine-oxime (99mTc-HMPAO). These substances are distributed in accordance with regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF). Hitherto, the application of the method has concentrated on the study of cerebrovascular disease and epilepsy. SPECT has contributed to a better understanding of the pathophysiological processes and their dynamics after ischemic infarction. The method also provides essential insights in epileptics. In partial epilepsy, a focus of reduced or enhanced tracer activity can be ascertained, dependent on the timing of the examination, in the interictal and ictal stage respectively. Even in the early course of senile dementia of Alzheimer type, zones of diminished neuronal activity in temporo-parietal and frontal cortex are demarcated. Preliminary results in psychiatric diseases and parkinsonism need further confirmation. In this connection future interest will focus especially upon the use of receptor ligands.

Brain↗
PubMed1989

Locked-in state in Borrelia burgdorferi meningitis.

The case is reported of a 28-year-old woman with persistent tetraplegia following acute meningitis due to Borrelia burgdorferi infection. The patient developed erythema chronicum migrans before radicular pain occurred in the upper extremities. The poor clinical outcome was suggestive of pontine infarction due to vasculitis of branches of the basilar artery.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[McArdle disease: differential diagnosis of the increase in creatine kinase induced by the exercise test].

In a Turkish couple presenting atypical precordial pain, muscle pain and a massive increase of creatine kinase during and one day after bicycle ergometry, suspicion of McArdle's disease was confirmed by a pathologic ischemic forearm worktest, a pathologic serial stimulation test and by pathologic glycogen content with lack of myophosphorylase activity on histochemical examination of thigh muscle tissue. Characteristic signs of McArdle's disease such as muscle weakness, muscle pain and muscle swelling, especially after exertion, were detected only after specific questioning of the patients. McArdle's disease was also detected by phosphor nuclear resonance in the two male children. Frequent consanguinity in the small isolated mountain village where the family originated explains why all four members of two generations are affected by the autosomal recessive disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Chronic progressive neurological involvement in Borrelia burgdorferi infection.

Five patients with chronic meningitis were hospitalized several times for progressive neurological symptoms. The clinical manifestations included cranial neuritis, radiculoneuritis, myelitis and encephalitis. In two cases cerebral infarction occurred. The course was commonly characterized by a tendency to deteriorate. From the clinical point of view, it was repeatedly difficult to exclude multiple sclerosis or tuberculous meningitis. Finally, specific antibodies against Borrelia burgdorferi were detected by indirect immunofluorescence assay. The diagnosis of a borreliosis was not considered initially because there was no history of tick-bite or erythema chronicum migrans, and the neurological involvement of the central nervous system seemed unusual. The latency between the first symptoms and diagnosis varied from 3 months to 5 years. After a parenteral, high-dose therapy with penicillin, there was a significant improvement in all patients. In two cases, there was evidence of intrathecally produced antibodies to myelin basic protein.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Semiquantitative display of regional cerebral blood flow and neuronal function using N-isopropyl-(123I)-p-iodoamphetamine (IMP) and emission tomography].

Between June 1983 and March 1985 197 patients were examined with 123I-IMP brain scintigraphy and ECT. They had various neurological diseases, the majority suffered from cerebrovascular affections. The reference for pathological findings was a group of 14 healthy volunteers. A visual interpretation of the ECT-slices alone is not reliable enough. A semiquantitative assessment of perfusion abnormalities seems to be very important, especially in diffuse or bilateral alterations. The proposed semiquantitative evaluation makes use of the total cerebral accumulation in the control group (35.6 +/- 4.3 cts/pixel/mCi/min) and right-left ratios of 14 paired and fixed regions of interest (ROI) in three ECT slices. The ROIs are related to the anatomical flow supply areas in the brain. The right-left ratios are around 1.0 with a physiological asymmetry of +/- less than 2% (standard deviation). The asymmetry is an important parameter in assessing presence and severity of disease. If pathological findings are diffuse or symmetric, the visual interpretation of scintigrams or the calculation of right-left ratios are often unsuccessful. Thus, the same ROI-data were separated for the right and left hemisphere and drawn as cts/ROI/pixel/mCi in diagrams as profile. The diagram demonstrates perfusion abnormalities semiquantitatively without using calculation of asymmetry, since asymmetry alone cannot differentiate between hypoperfusion of one and hyperperfusion of the contralateral side.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Neurologic disorder of vitamin E deficiency in acquired intestinal malabsorption.

Fifteen years after onset of a malabsorption syndrome, a 49-year-old man had sensory and oculomotor disorder with marked vitamin E deficiency. After 6 months of treatment with high parenteral doses of vitamin E, the neurologic signs slowly receded, but the patient died of gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Autopsy and sural nerve biopsy showed the changes in both central and peripheral nerves; these changes are considered characteristic of vitamin E deficiency.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome in anorexia (author's transl)].

A rare case of Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome due to malnutrition (in a 35-year-old woman) is reported. It was probably the result of a psychiatric condition progressing to severe inanition. In the course of the malnutrition typical Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome developed. Vitamin B1 deficiency was confirmed by determining erythrocyte transketolase. At the same time there was hypomagnesiaemia; substitution treatment led to complete recovery.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Polyneuropathy and epileptic seizures in a family with acute intermittent porphyria].

Report on clinical and electrophysiological findings in four members of a family with acute intermittent porphyria in the remission period. One patient had suffered from repeated epileptic seizures of the grand-mal type since the age of 24 years. Generalized and multifocal epileptic potentials were found in her EEG. Two other members of the family, a man and a woman, were found electromyographically and neurographically to have a florid neuropathy with damage to the axon and the myelin sheath. Only the female patient showed manifest clinical signs of the polyneuropathy. The 4th member, who years previously had had abdominal colics and suspect biochemical signs of acute intermettent porphyria, was not striking either neurologically or in electromyographic and neurographic polyneuropathy screening at the time of the examination. Epileptic seizures and the symptoms of the polyneuropathy had a close connection with the menstrual cycle (two cases). Before and at the beginning of the menstruation a deterioration of the disease was observed. Problems of antiepileptic therapy in acute intermittent porphyria are discussed.

Abdomen, Acute↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Identification of task-specific rCBF changes in individual subjects: validation and application for PET.

OBJECTIVE: A method for identification and quantitative evaluation of task-specific changes of the regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) measured with PET in activation studies of individual subjects is presented. The method is based on the statistical distributions of the quantitative and spatial information of regions of interest in rCBF subtraction images. METHODS: For validation, a cylindrical phantom of 20 cm diameter containing six spheres of 10-30 mm in diameter was used. The spheres representing the specific signals were filled with 18F, while one-tenth of this activity concentration was filled into the background compartment of the phantom representing "noise." Of a sequence of dynamically recorded frames, subtraction images with different signal-to-noise ratios were calculated. RESULTS: In these subtraction images, our method allowed us to identify the larger spheres accurately and to quantify the signals. Comparison with t map analysis in averaged subtraction images revealed a high correspondence with the results obtained by our method in individual subtraction images. Based on this phantom validation, the method was applied for mapping of rCBF changes in humans. The rCBF was measured with [15O]butanol in four subjects during unilateral somatosensory discrimination and during rest. CONCLUSION: The method proved to be capable of identifying task-specific rCBF changes in the contralateral motor, premotor, and sensory cortex accurately and with high quantitative and anatomical precision in each subject.

Adult↗