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B Whipple

Publications and source records attributed to B Whipple.

35 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Older adults as an HIV-positive risk group.

When older adults are admitted to the hospital, they are usually admitted with multiple diagnoses and are not usually considered to be at risk for HIV infection. The review of hospital records discussed in this article documents that people over 60 years of age are indeed infected with HIV and that 42% of the population studied were in the age range of 70 to 100 years. The review of hospital records documented that people over 60 years of age and older fell into the same high risk populations as did people from any other age group. Gerontological nurses must be informed about the methods of prevention, expected course of infection, response to treatment, and effective ways to implement nursing care for older adults who are HIV positive.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1989

Somato-motor components of the pelvic and pudendal nerves of the female rat.

The efferent innervation of the pelvic and pudendal nerves was characterized in this study by identifying the muscles activated by electrical stimulation of the nerves distal to the point at which they bifurcate from the L6-S1 trunk. Pelvic nerve electrical stimulation produced EMG-monitored contraction of the ipsilateral ilio- and pubococcygeus muscles, which was abolished by cutting one ('muscular') branch of the bifurcated nerve. (This 'muscular' branch receives proprioceptive input activated by tail displacement, whereas the other, 'viscero-cutaneous' branch receives sensory innervation from the midline perineal region.) Pudendal nerve electrical stimulation produced contraction of the coccygeus, external anal sphincter, and ischiocavernosus muscles. Movements of the orifice and wall of the vagina were directly visualized during electrical stimulation of the two nerves. Intravaginal pressure measured by balloon was increased by pelvic nerve stimulation and decreased by pudendal nerve stimulation. Reflexive contraction of the ilio- en pubococcygeus muscles was produced by mechanostimulation of the perineum, clitoral sheath and distal vagina. This response was abolished by gentle cervical mechanostimulation. One implication of this finding is that passage of the fetuses through the cervix during parturition may relax the ilio- and pubococcygeus muscles, thereby facilitating delivery.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Inverse relationship between intensity of vaginal self-stimulation-produced analgesia and level of chronic intake of a dietary source of capsaicin.

Women who chronically ingest a diet rich in capsaicin, the pungent ingredient in hot chili peppers, showed a significantly lower magnitude of analgesia in response to vaginal self-stimulation than women with relatively low or medium levels of ingestion. Vaginal self-stimulation-produced analgesia was quantified by measuring (on the hand) pain detection thresholds, pain tolerance thresholds and tactile thresholds. Whereas vaginal self-stimulation produced a 32.6-43.8% increase in pain detection and pain tolerance thresholds in the low chili diet group, it produced only a 2.3-7.3% increase in these measures in the high chili diet group. The medium chili diet group showed an intermediate effect on the pain thresholds. Tactile thresholds were not increased by the vaginal self-stimulation. Baseline (no stimulation) pain thresholds did not differ significantly among the three groups. These findings are consistent with earlier studies in laboratory rats, in which capsaicin administered neonatally abolished vaginal stimulation-produced analgesia, but did not affect baseline pain thresholds to mechanostimulation.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

HIV and the older adult taking the necessary precautions.

1. With the awareness that the population of older adults with whom nurses and other health-care workers come in contact may indeed be HIV infected, the need for universal precautions becomes imperative in all health-care settings. 2. The subpopulations of older adults in which HIV infection is most likely to be concentrated are the same as those for any other age group; ie, homosexual and bisexual men, IV drug users and their partners, people who have received blood products, and sexual partners of people who are HIV infected. 3. It is important for nurses to recognize that older adults may be manifesting the signs of symptoms of AIDS; for example, some people diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease may actually have AIDS-related dementia. 4. Gerontological nurses need to be the initiators of implementing universal precautions in their health-care settings.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Analgesia produced by vaginal self-stimulation in women is independent of heart rate acceleration.

In the present study, the analgesia produced by vaginal stimulation (VS) in women was found to be dissociated from heart rate. The VS-produced analgesia was not accompanied by an acceleration of heart rate. Heart rate acceleration produced by exercise did not result in analgesia. The independence of VS-produced analgesia from this index of autonomic activity is consistent with recent findings in rats.

Analgesia↗
PubMed1983

The Grafenberg spot and female ejaculation: a review of initial hypotheses.

A controversial set of hypotheses have been proposed as an explanation for nonvulval (i.e., nonclitoral) orgasms in women. First, women have a small sensitive area in the anterior wall of the vagina (the Grafenberg spot) which seems to trigger these "deeper" orgasms. Second, stimulation of this area may be associated with ejaculatory response during orgasm. Investigation of these hypotheses was conducted under laboratory conditions in an effort to assess their validity. Eleven women, six of whom claimed to be "ejaculators," were examined by two gynecologists. Gynecologists found an area similar to other descriptions of the Grafenberg Spot in four of the 11 women. It was not found more in ejaculators than nonejaculators. Examination of the ejaculate of six women failed to detect elevated levels of prostatic acid phosphatase and the substance appeared similar in biochemical properties to urine. A number of alternative explanations for the failure to confirm the hypotheses are offered.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The consensus-based classification of female sexual dysfunction: barriers to universal acceptance.

Although the CCFSD attempts to clarify and modify the existing definitions of female sexual dysfunctions, the current authors (a sex therapist and a sex researcher) believe that the classification system has significant flaws that will prevent its widespread acceptance and application. The major concern is that the CCFSD is based on the triphasic model of sexual response. The triphasic model is based on male sexual response and does not take into account the documented variety of ways that women respond sexually. Instead, the parameters of male sexual response are extrapolated to women. The current authors suggest an alternative approach that considers a woman's subjective as well as physiological responses, and includes pleasure and satisfaction as characteristics of normal sexual function. A reconsideration of the CCFSD model is suggested and an alternative approach is offered.

Attitude↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Women with complete spinal cord injury: a phenomenological study of sexual experiences.

This study examines psychosocial, emotional, and relationship aspects of sexuality in the lives of 15 women who sustained complete spinal cord injury (SCI) between the levels of T6 and L2. Phenomenological interviews were organized to chronologically sequence events with the intention of describing the trajectory of sexuality in women with complete SCI. A set of themes emerged from postinjury data that were labeled cognitive-genital dissociation, sexual disenfranchisement, and sexual rediscovery. Broadening the scope of the research beyond the physiological offers insight as to the interplay between the mind and sexual response and guidance for educational and therapeutic interventions.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

CE feature. Part 1. Neurophysiology of pain.

This article focuses on the neurophysiology of pain to provide a background for nurses to understand the various ways in which the body's warning system functions. Although each client's pain experience is unique and is influenced by a combination of physical sensations and emotional responses, a basic understanding of pain is necessary for appropriate nursing interventions to be implemented. This article defines and explains types of pain and theories of pain as well as the roles of neurotransmitters and neuromodulators.

Education, Nursing, Continuing↗