PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

B Wistedt

Publications and source records attributed to B Wistedt.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Effect of an educational program for general practitioners on Gotland on the pattern of prescription of psychotropic drugs.

During the years 1983-1984, an educational program was given to all general practitioners on the island of Gotland. This report evaluates changes in prescription habits from 1982 to 1985. To correct for general trends that occurred simultaneously, the prescription habits were compared to the habits in the rest of Sweden. Both on Gotland and in Sweden as a whole, the use of antidepressants increased from 1982-1985, but significantly more on Gotland. In 1982, the use of antidepressants was low on Gotland, 54% of that in the rest of Sweden. After the educational programs, Gotland reached 77% of the use in the rest of Sweden. In 1982, the use of lithium was 123% of that in the rest of Sweden. After the educational programs, the use of lithium was unchanged, and a small increase of 5.6% was seen in the rest of Sweden. After the educational programs, the prescription of sedatives on Gotland decreased (-8.2%), and an increase of 4.5% was seen in the rest of Sweden. The use of major tranquilizers also decreased significantly (-23%) on Gotland. Even in the rest of Sweden, a significant but much smaller decrease was seen: -13%. On Gotland the frequency of hypnotics remained stable from 1982-1985, and a significant increase was seen in the rest of Sweden.

Antidepressive Agents↗
PubMed1990

Risk factors for aggressive behaviour are of limited value in predicting the violent behaviour of acute involuntarily admitted patients.

Violent behaviour within 8 and 28 days respectively was related by a multivariate statistical procedure to risk factors for aggressive behaviour in an epidemiologically representative sample of 105 acute involuntarily admitted patients. Previous violent behaviour by the patient was found to correlate significantly with aggressive behaviour during the first 8 days of admission, and abuse of drugs other than alcohol was found to correlate significantly with aggressive behaviour during the first 28 days of admission. Determination coefficients were very low, and it is concluded that risk factors associated with aggressive behaviour are of limited value in predicting aggressive behaviour among acute involuntarily admitted inpatients.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

The relationship between perphenazine plasma levels and clinical response in acute schizophrenia.

1. Twelve patients with schizophrenia according to RDC participated in a double-blind study, comparing two dose levels of perphenazine, 16 or 32 mg, during four weeks. 2. The patients were assessed with a subscale to CPRS and global scores, measuring improvement of regular intervals during four weeks. 3. Blood samples for assay of plasma perphenazine were collected once a week. 4. These results are in many respects in accordance with earlier published data with perphenazine, that is a good clinical response is achieved with a plasma concentration of perphenazine between 1-5 nmol/L. 5. No incidence of severe adverse symptoms were observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

An educational program on depressive disorders for general practitioners on Gotland: background and evaluation.

General practitioners are the psychiatrists' most important coworkers in the treatment of depressive disorders. A high degree of knowledge about this illness in this group of doctors is of decisive importance. However, the value of postgraduate educational programs for general practitioners has been questioned. The Swedish Committee for the Prevention and Treatment of Depression (PTD) offered an educational program on symptoms, etiology, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of depression to all general practitioners on the Swedish island of Gotland. Lectures on suicide, depressive illness in childhood and in old age and psychotherapy of depressive states were also given. In several control periods data were collected on suicides, referrals to the local psychiatric department, emergency admissions, the quantity of sick leave used and the quantity of inpatient care due to depression. Even the prescription of psychopharmacological drugs on the island was investigated. Overall, the results indicated that general practitioners gratefully accepted the educational program and achieved increasing competence and stringency in treating and preventing depressive states. The program was associated with decreases in the use of psychiatric inpatient care and the sick leave frequency of depressed patients. The possibility of preventing suicides was positively influenced.

Curriculum↗
PubMed1989

Evaluation of the Brief Psychopathological Rating Scale in relation to aggressive behavior by acute involuntarily admitted patients.

Aggressive behavior during acute involuntary admission was related to ratings on the Brief Psychopathological Rating Scale, age, sex and global assessment in 38 patients. The best prediction model of aggressive behavior was achieved when predicting more serious incidents occurring during the first 8 days of admission. In this prediction model, high scores of hostility and anxiety, together with low scores of grandiosity significantly and accurately predicted more serious violent behavior.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

The panorama of psychiatric emergencies in three different parts of Sweden.

A total of 1226 psychiatric emergencies from three socially different catchment areas in Sweden were analyzed. Data were obtained over 28 consecutive days at the beginning of 1985. Very small differences were found between urban and rural catchment areas, which is probably due to a high degree of equality for both social and medical services throughout Sweden. The largest diagnostic subgroup was patients with an alcohol problem (33%). A measure of the patients network of close relatives, yielded small differences between the diagnostic subgroups.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Lithium and renal function in relation to concomitant theory.

Two hundred and fourteen patients (99 men, 115 women, age 21-87 years) were treated with lithium during the period 1963-1984 at the Psychiatric Unit, Danderyd Hospital. The patients were diagnosed as having bipolar depression (97), unipolar depression (54), cycloid psychosis (21), schizoaffective psychosis and depressive neurosis (42). Sixty patients were treated with lithium salt only, 73 patients received neuroleptic drugs in addition to lithium and 51 antidepressant drugs. Sixteen patients were treated with a combination of neuroleptic drugs, antidepressant drugs and lithium. Fourteen patients were treated with lithium and benzodiazepines. The aim of this retrospective lithium study was to examine the renal function in these different treatment groups. The results show that patients treated with a lithium salt and neuroleptic drugs have significantly lower urinary osmolality than those treated with a lithium salt only. Also tricyclic antidepressants in combination with a lithium salt appear to have an influence on renal function. The duration of concomitant therapy seems to be of importance for the effect on renal function. Eleven patients with the lowest osmolality values were investigated at the Renal Unit, Danderyd Hospital, but in no case was it necessary to withdraw the lithium treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Aggressive behavior in hospitalized psychogeriatric patients.

The frequency and characteristics of aggressive and hostile behavior in 40 psychogeriatric inpatients was investigated using the Staff Observation Aggression Scale (SOAS). Most aggressive acts were directed towards nursing staff when providing help with activities of daily living. A positive correlation was found between age and the frequency of aggressive behavior, while severity was most strongly correlated to length of admission. A significant decrease in frequency was observed during the six weeks of observation. The causes of this decrease are discussed together with the implications for future studies on the treatment of aggressive behavior in this group of patients.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1988

Prevalence of risk factors for aggressive behavior: characteristics of an involuntarily admitted population.

In Västmanland County, Sweden, 105 patients were acute admitted and involuntarily treated during a six-month period. In spite of a low mean age (39.2 years), abuse of alcohol or other drugs was common (29%). Thirty-nine percent of the patients showed violent behavior prior to the actual admission and 36% of the patients had shown such behavior prior to earlier admissions. Of the patients below 40 years, 32% had a disability pension.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Staff observation aggression scale, SOAS: presentation and evaluation.

A new psychiatric report and rating scale assessing severity and frequency of aggressive behaviour is presented and evaluated. It is based on the staff's standardized reports of aggressive incidents. By using a special aggression report form, comprehensive and standardized information is obtained, thereby permitting scoring and further analysis of different aspects of aggressive incidents. The reliability of scoring is tested and found to be good as is the scale's capacity to discriminate between different patterns of aggressive behaviour in different groups of patients. As a result of this and because of the simplicity of the scale, it is thought to be a potentially useful tool in scientific research on aggressive behaviour from psychiatric inpatients.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Risk factors for suicide among patients with schizophrenia.

In order to assess risk factors for suicide among patients with schizophrenia, we compared 32 patients with schizophrenia who committed suicide during an 11 year follow-up with a control group of 64 schizophrenics who did not commit suicide. A history of previous suicide attempts was the factor most strongly related to suicide. In females we found an increased risk for suicide among unmarried, divorced or widowed and among those living alone. In males we found an increased risk among those with a history of alcohol abuse. In contrast to findings in other studies, distribution of age and sex and a history of depressive episodes were factors not associated with an increased risk for suicide. We conclude that suicidal acts among schizophrenics are often impulsive and difficult to predict. Traditional risk scales are of limited value in the clinical assessment of suicidal risk.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Absence of acquired tolerance to neuroleptics in schizophrenic patients.

Development of increased tolerance to neuroleptics was investigated in 38 neuroleptic-respondent schizophrenic patients. At 5- or 8-year follow-up, clinical global assessments were related to changes in neuroleptic doses. In 93% of the patients gradually increasing tolerance could be excluded.

Antipsychotic Agents↗
PubMed1986

Mortality in schizophrenia. A ten-year follow-up based on the Stockholm County inpatient register.

A mortality study was performed on 1190 patients with schizophrenia discharged from hospitals in Stockholm County during 1971. By means of a linkage between the Stockholm County inpatient register and the national cause-of-death register, all deaths through 1981 were identified. Compared with the general population, the schizophrenics had an approximately twofold increase in overall mortality. The excess mortality was found in all causes of death but was particularly high in "unnatural death". The suicide mortality was approximately ten times higher among male schizophrenics and 18 times higher among female schizophrenics than in the general population. The methodologic problems with register studies are numerous, but the medical information system used in the study is of great value for psychiatric epidemiologic research.

Adolescent↗