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Biomedical subjects

B Wolfe

Publications and source records attributed to B Wolfe.

33 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Effect of repeated administration of clenbuterol on the regulation of beta-adrenoceptors in the central nervous system of the rat.

The effect of the centrally acting beta-adrenoceptor agonist clenbuterol on beta-adrenergic responsiveness, beta-receptor density and N-protein coupling was studied in the rat cerebral cortex (which contains primarily beta 1-receptors) and cerebellum (containing mostly beta 2-receptors). The objective was to determine whether clenbuterol's effect on these variables was similar to that produced by standard antidepressants. When given to rats repeatedly, clenbuterol caused a decrease in beta-adrenergic responsiveness in slices from either the cerebral cortex or the cerebellum. The decreased beta-responsiveness in the cerebellum was associated with a decrease both in the density of beta-receptors and in receptor/N-protein coupling. In the cortex, only reduced receptor/N-protein coupling was observed by in vitro ligand-binding methods. However, when quantitative autoradiography was employed, clenbuterol treatment was found to reduce the binding of [125I]iodopindolol to beta 2-receptors throughout the brain, whereas binding to beta 1-receptors was not reduced. The down-regulation of beta 2-receptors by clenbuterol is due to its acting centrally as a beta 2-agonist. Although clenbuterol has about an equal affinity for beta 1-receptors and beta 2-receptors, no evidence was found for agonist activity of this drug at beta 1-receptors in the cerebral cortex. The strategies described here should be helpful in investigating important properties of centrally acting beta-agonists that might have potential as antidepressants.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Rapidly progressive periodontitis. Report of a case.

A nineteen year old white female was referred for an evaluation of severe, rapidly progressive periodontitis. Although the patient was physically healthy and did not demonstrate any remarkable abnormalities in routine laboratory tests or upon physical examination, a detailed immune profile elucidated abnormal findings. Additionally, the patient demonstrated a poor healing response after tooth removal and a continued loss of bone following insertion of dentures.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Rorschach presentation of borderline personality disorder: primary process manifestations.

Obtained WAIS and Rorschach protocols for a sample of 21 psychiatric inpatients diagnosed as borderline personality disorder. Responses were analyzed according to Holt's (1977) and Rapaport, Gill, and Schafer's (1945-46) test correlates of primary process thinking and thought disturbance. Results were discussed in the context of Kernberg's (1975) structural and genetic-dynamic analyses of borderline personality organization and seemed to correspond with his characterization of this population as possessing contradictory personality traits, lacking in normal repressive defenses, and regressing toward primary process thinking. Interrater agreement on the assignment of Rorschach responses within the above scoring categories was assessed, with a high degree of concordance found for primary process content variables. It was concluded that the frequency and type of primary process content identified in the present study probably represent highly reliable Rorschach indicators of borderline personality disorder for purposes of differential diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Ophthalmologic safety of long-term hydroxychloroquine treatment.

Ocular toxicity of long-term hydroxychloroquine treatment was assessed by regular ophthalmologic examinations in 99 patients. No patient developed significant loss of vision or visual field constriction to a white test object. Three patients had evidence of toxicity, but the medication had to be permanently discontinued in only one who subsequently had regression of all abnormalities except visual field constriction to a red test object. Neither duration of treatment nor the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus predisposed patients to toxicity.

Accommodation, Ocular↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Multicenter prospective evaluation of laparoscopic antireflux surgery. Preliminary report.

BACKGROUND: A prospective study of 116 patients undergoing laparoscopic antireflux surgery was undertaken in four centers in the United Kingdom and the United States. METHODS: Patients with a hiatal hernia (n = 80) underwent total Rosetti-Hell fundoplication, whereas those without a hiatal defect (n = 36) were treated by a partial fundoplication (Toupet). The follow-up period ranged from 3 to 24 months; median was 13 months. RESULTS: The median duration of the operations was 2.5 h. Intraoperative complications were encountered in 16 patients (14.0%) and conversion to laparotomy was necessary for esophageal perforation in one. The postoperative recovery of gastrointestinal function was rapid and the median hospital stay from the time of the operation to discharge was 2 days, range 1-10. A good symptomatic result (> 70% reduction of preoperative symptom score) was observed in 106 patients (91%). There were no postoperative deaths but 15 patients (13.0%) developed complications in the immediate postoperative period. At 3 months, complete endoscopic healing of the esophagitis was observed in 65/92 patients (71%) and improvement by at least one grade was seen in 19 patients (21%). Twenty-four-hour pH monitoring, which was abnormal preoperatively in 93% of patients, was normal after surgery in 95%. There were 10 symptomatic failures (persistent reflux symptoms) and 14 patients (12%) developed adverse symptoms related to the procedure (gas-bloat 8, dysphagia 9, gastroparesis 1, explosive diarrhoea 1). Readmission to hospital within 3 months was necessary in 9 patients. CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic antireflux surgery can be performed with a low morbidity. In the short term, 83% of patients were rendered symptom free. These results are similar to those reported after the equivalent open operations.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ramblings from the trenches: a clinical perspective on thanatological research.

Is thanatological research helpful in clinical practice, or do clinicians feel researchers are from some "other planet"? Written from the perspective of two practicing clinicians, this article explores the problems and potential of research to enhance clinical practice in end-of-life and bereavement care. Using a case example as a starting point, the article highlights important choice points where good research could assist the clinician. It also discusses several domains of theory and research where advances in knowledge are likely to be particularly helpful to caregivers "in the trenches." Finally, some of the barriers to dissemination of new information to practitioners are described, and suggestions for reducing these barriers are discussed.

Bereavement↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Active skeletal muscle metabolism and tension production: the influence of biopsies.

The influence of repeated sampling by the biopsy technique on skeletal muscle's metabolic and force-output responses was studied using the in situ canine gastrocnemius preparation. The left muscle was stimulated (8 V, 0.2 ms) for 1 h at 3 Hz. In the biopsy series (n = 9) muscle samples were taken at rest, and at 0.5, 2, 5, 15, 30, 45, and 60 min of stimulation. In the control series (n = 8) the left and right muscles were quick-frozen in N2 immediately after the 60 min of stimulation. The two series were not different in blood flow, VO2, arterial or venous [H+], muscle glycogen, or lactate release throughout the 60 min of activity. The lactate release was transient and was associated with an accumulation of intramuscular lactate and a period of rapid glycogenolysis. The biopsy series had a modest but significantly (p < 0.05) higher muscle lactate concentration both at rest and at the end of the contractions. The biopsy series also had less (p < 0.05) tension development throughout the hour; however, the O2 cost per unit of tension development was not different between groups, nor was the rate of tension decline over time different. This together with the similarities in perfusion, carbohydrate use, and lactate metabolism suggests that repeated biopsies had minimal impact on the muscle. The technique allows the collection of data over time; this improves the detail of experiments and means that fewer animals are required for a study.

Animals↗