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Biomedical subjects

B Yüksel

Publications and source records attributed to B Yüksel.

31 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Do parental smoking and history of allergy influence cord-serum IgE?

The associations between parental smoking habits during pregnancy, family history of allergy, and IgE levels in cord-serum IgE (cIgE) were investigated prospectively in 1251 infants. Mean cIgE levels were similar in infants with positive and negative family history of allergy (0.50 and 0.54 kU/l, respectively). In infants with a positive family history of allergy whose mothers smoked more than 10 cigarettes a day, however, the mean cIgE level was significantly higher (0.78 kU/l) than that in infants of nonsmoking mothers (p = 0.011). Similarly, the mean cIgE level was significantly higher in boys (0.61 kU/l) than in girls (0.51 kU/l) of nonsmoking parents (p = 0.03). However, in infants of smoking parents, there was no significant difference in the mean cIgE level between boys and girls. A total of 178 (14%) mothers and 477 (38%) fathers were current smokers, and in 128 (10%) cases, both parents were active smokers. The mean cIgE level tended to be slightly higher in infants of smoking mothers, especially when the mother consumed more than 10 cigarettes a day (0.63 vs 0.54 kU/l) (p > 0.05). Thus, cIgE levels were higher only in genetically prone babies whose mothers consumed more than 10 cigarettes a day.

Female↗
PubMed1995

Growth and development of 280 hypothyroidic patients at diagnosis.

The growth and development of 280 hypothyroidic patients who were diagnosed from 1979 to 1991, has been evaluated by standardized anthropometric criteria. According to the chronologic age during the diagnosis, the patients were divided into five groups of 0-6, 7-12, 13-24, 25-60 and 61-144 months. In these groups, the rates of the patients' weights and heights which were found below the 5th percentile, were as follows; for height 44%, 69%, 71%, 85%, 80% and for weight 38%, 68%, 70%, 55%, 60% respectively. Height age, weight age, head circumference age, and bone age were found to be significantly lower than chronologic age in all the groups, with the exception of the head circumference age in the 0-6 months group. The bone age was found to be significantly retarded compared to the height age in all the groups.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Clinical features of Bardet-Biedl syndrome.

Six patients with Bardet-Biedl syndrome who have been followed in our clinics for the last 5 years are reported in this study. Of the five classic features of this syndrome; obesity and mental retardation were present in all cases, retinal disturbances were present in five, polydactyly in three and hypogenitalism was observed in all four male patients. Renal involvement, often suggested as a cardinal feature of this syndrome, was described in two patients. Iron deficiency anemia occurred in three patients, two patients were of short stature, one patient presented with an empty sella, and in two patients clinodactyly was detected. The results are compared to previously published literature and discussed.

Child↗
PubMed1995

Ethnic origin and lung function of infants born prematurely.

BACKGROUND: Ethnic origin has an important influence on the lung function of adults and young children but its effect during infancy, particularly following premature delivery, is unclear. METHODS: The results from infants of pure Afro-Caribbean (subjects) and pure Caucasian (controls) descent, all of whom were born prematurely (median gestational age 28 weeks), were compared. Fifty subjects were each retrospectively matched with a control for gestational age, sex, and requirement for neonatal ventilation. Lung function measurements were performed at similar postnatal ages in each pair. The median postnatal ages of the two groups at the time of study was seven and eight months, respectively. Lung function was assessed by measurement of functional residual capacity (FRC) by a helium gas dilution technique and plethysmographic measurement of thoracic gas volume (TGV) and airways resistance (Raw), from which specific conductance (sGaw) was calculated. RESULTS: No differences were found between the subjects and controls regarding FRC or TGV, but Raw was higher and sGaw lower in the subjects. The mean Raw of the subjects was 50.3 cm H2O/1/s and of the controls was 44.1 cm H2O/1/s (95% confidence intervals of the difference 1.5 to 10.9). CONCLUSIONS: Prematurely born infants of Afro-Caribbean origin have more severe lung function abnormalities at approximately 7-8 months of age than those of Caucasian origin. This merits further investigation.

Black People↗
PubMed1994

Birth weight and hospital readmission of infants born prematurely.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the hospital readmission rate of infants born prematurely was greatest in those whose birth weight was less than 750 g. DESIGN: A prospective cohort study. SETTING: Regional neonatal intensive care unit. PATIENTS: Consecutive very-low-birth-weight (< 1500 g) infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit; infants with congenital abnormalities were excluded. Two-year follow-up was completed for 109 (90.8%) of these patients. MEASUREMENTS/MAIN RESULTS: Following discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit, infants were seen at 6-month intervals at which time a detailed history was taken and examinations were performed. Hospital admissions were documented and confirmed from the medical records. Infants with birth weights of less than 750 g and those of very-low gestational age (< or = 28 weeks) made up the greatest number of admissions and had the longest hospital stays. In the first year of life, the duration of stay was inversely related to birth weight. CONCLUSION: Increased survival of extremely low-birth-weight infants has important implications for resource allocation of pediatric beds.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1994

Relationship between lung function results in the first year of life and respiratory morbidity in early childhood in patients born prematurely.

The relationship between lung function results at 6 months and 1 year of age to respiratory symptoms in the first 3 years of life in prematurely born population has been determined. In 88 infants (median gestational age, 29 weeks) thoracic gas volume (TGV) and airway resistance (R(aw)) was measured and specific conductance (SGaw) calculated at 6 months and 1 year of age. During 3 years of prospective follow-up neither TGV measured at either 6 months or 1 year, nor R(aw) and SGaw at 6 months, differed significantly between infants who were asymptomatic or symptomatic. At 1 year, however, R(aw) and SGaw were significantly higher and lower respectively in patients who were symptomatic than in those who were asymptomatic in any of the 3 years. An elevated R(aw) (> or = 50 cmH2O/L/s) measured at 1 year, but not at 6 months, was associated with a significant relative risk of symptoms in the first, second, and third year of life. We conclude that in prematurely born patients an abnormal airway resistance at 1 year predicts symptoms in early childhood.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1994

Measurement of thoracic gas volume in patients born prematurely: should occlusion be made at end-inspiration or end-expiration?

It has been suggested that in infants born at term thoracic gas volume (TGV) may be more accurately estimated in a plethysmograph if end-inspiratory (TGVl) rather than end-expiratory (TGVE) occlusions are used. The aim of this study was to assess whether the timing of occlusion affected TGV results in patients born very prematurely. Fifteen children with a median gestational age of 28 weeks (range 23-34) and postnatal age of 10 months (range 6-24) were studied. Measurements of TGV and airway resistance (R(aw)) were made in a whole body plethysmograph after sedation with chloral hydrate. End-expiratory and end-inspiratory occlusions were performed randomly in each subject. Overall, TGVl was significantly lower than TGVE (median, TGVl 233 mL; range, 130-498. Median TGVE 250 mL; range, 132-604; P < 0.05; 95% confidence intervals for the difference, 4-50 mL). In 13 infants, TGVl was lower than TGVE; the remaining two patients did not differ significantly from the rest of the group and neither had neonatal chronic lung disease. In only five infants did TGVl lie below the 95% confidence intervals of TGVE, however, two-way analysis of variance with replicated measurements showed a significant difference between TGVE and TGVl (P < 0.05). The median R(aw) was 55 cmH2O/L/s (range, 36-71). A significant positive correlation was found between R(aw) and TGVE-TGVl (r2 = 0.5, P < 0.01). We conclude that in children born very prematurely and with high R(aw) occlusion at end-expiration rather than end-inspiration yields higher TGV results at follow-up.

Airway Resistance↗
PubMed1994

Influence of lung function and postnatal age on the response to nebulized ipratropium bromide in children born prematurely.

Nebulized ipratropium bromide reduces airways resistance in young children born prematurely, but that response is not invariable. We have assessed whether postnatal age or baseline lung function influences the effect of ipratropium bromide. Forty-five children, median gestational age 28 weeks (range 23-34) were studied at a postnatal age of 10 months (range 6-18). Twenty-four were symptomatic at follow-up. Airways resistance (Raw) was measured using a whole body plethysmograph before (baseline) and 20 min after nebulized ipratropium bromide. Sixteen patients had a significant improvement in Raw (a reduction in Raw greater than twice the coefficient of variation of the measurement). The baseline Raw of those 16 infants was significantly higher than the baseline Raw of the other 29 infants (P < 0.01). Multiple regression analysis, after taking into account baseline lung function and symptom status, demonstrated there was a significant relationship between the change in Raw following ipratropium bromide and postnatal age (P < 0.01). We conclude that both baseline lung function and postnatal age influence the response to nebulized ipratropium bromide in young children born prematurely.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1994

Tuberculous meningitis in children.

Between May 1988 and November 1992 the data from 52 patients with tuberculous meningitis (TBM) were noted down for their symptoms and signs, BCG vaccines, PPD tests; clinical, laboratory, radiologic and microbiologic findings. These data were discussed by means of literature knowledge. Cranial computed tomography (CT) demonstrated hydrocephalus (HC) in 98% of the patients. There was a statistically significant difference among the clinical stages on admission in respect to prognosis (P < 0.05). In addition, there was also a significant relationship between prognosis and HC (P < 0.05). However, we did not find any significant relationship between parenchymal involvement, basilar meningitis and prognosis (P > 0.05).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Glucocorticoids.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1990

T gamma delta-cell subsets in cord and adult blood.

A minor population of T cells expresses a heterodimeric antigen receptor composed of gamma and delta chains (TcR-1). In blood from adults, two subsets of T gamma delta cells can be identified by the monoclonal antibodies (MoAb) BB3 and A13. Little is known about the distribution and markers of these subsets early in life. We have therefore examined both the frequencies of these cells in cord blood and their expression of the cytotoxicity-associated marker serine esterase (SE), using immunocytochemical techniques. Our data show lower percentages of TcR-1+ cells in the blood of newborns compared with that in adults. However, the ratio of the A13+/BB3+ cells was significantly higher in cord than in adult blood. Whereas virtually all the adult TcR-1+ cells in blood were SE-positive, only a small proportion of the cord blood cells carried this enzyme. This was restricted to the BB3+ T gamma delta-cell subset in the cord. Our data suggest different characteristics of the TcR-1+ cells in blood from newborns compared with adult blood, and study of the functions of the different subsets, e.g. cytotoxicity, will be important in understanding their particular role in immunity.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of exogenous surfactant replacement therapy on lung function.

Exogenous surfactant replacement therapy, regardless of type, reduces mortality and morbidity. We have reviewed the existing data to determine the effect this form of treatment has on lung function. Several studies have demonstrated that surfactant replacement therapy improves compliance, but the timing and magnitude of the effect is variable. The effect is dependent firstly on the type of surfactant used, natural surfactant being associated with a more rapid effect than artificial surfactant; secondly whether the surfactant is given as rescue or therapy as prophylaxis and thirdly the gestational age of the infant treated. Preliminary evidence also suggests that surfactant replacement therapy may influence lung function in the long term, since infants treated with surfactant rather than a placebo have lower airways resistance and higher specific conductance at follow-up. These preliminary reports are encouraging because they suggest that exogenous surfactant replacement therapy may have the additional benefit of reducing chronic respiratory morbidity associated with premature birth.

Humans↗