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Biomedical subjects

B Yee

Publications and source records attributed to B Yee.

35 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Gamete intrafallopian transfer: the effect of the number of eggs used and the depth of gamete placement on pregnancy initiation.

The role of the fallopian tube in initiating pregnancy was examined in 246 consecutive gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT) cycles. Before actual transfer, the ampulla of each tube was measured to determine the depth at which gametes could be placed. Fifty-seven transfers were made with four oocytes into a single tube; of these, when gametes were deposited deeper than 4 cm, the pregnancy rate was higher than when they were placed at between 3 to 4 cm (69.6% compared with 41.2%). Presumably, a deeper placement is more secure and decreases the likelihood of gamete displacement. The pregnancy rate also rose with the number of oocytes used: from 0% with a single oocyte to 42.9% with four oocytes.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1989

Correlation of acrosomal status and sperm performance in the sperm penetration assay.

The sperm of some infertile men are unable to penetrate zona pellucida-free hamster oocytes but gain that ability after treatment with human follicular fluid (hFF). We asked whether altered incidences of acrosome reacted sperm explained these observations. Patient sperm failing to penetrate oocytes had fewer acrosome reactions than did healthy males, but the percentage reacted was not correlated with oocyte penetration. Sperm incubated 3 hours, then exposed to hFF, exhibited increased penetrations for 7 of 10 males, without an increase in percentage reacted sperm. Sperm incubated 22 hours before hFF treatment had penetrating ability enhanced 250- to 1000-fold, but the percentage reacted increased only sixfold. We conclude that factors other than the percentage reacted sperm are the major determinants of penetration capacity.

Acrosome↗
PubMed1989

New classification with prognostic value in cirrhotic patients.

We evaluated a group of 21 cirrhotic patients with a standard 20 ml/kg water load. The patients segregated into three classes: class I (n = 6) had normal water load excretion, i.e. greater than 80% excretion over 5 h (mean 82.3 +/- 0.8%); class II (n = 8) had 20-80% excretion (mean 38.6 +/- 4.2%); and class III (n = 7) had less than 20% excretion (mean 12.9 +/- 1.2%). The patients in class III, who had profound impairment of water load excretion, were found to have a higher frequency of tense ascites, lower serum sodium concentrations, diuretic resistance, impairment of urinary sodium excretion, lower inulin and p-aminohippurate clearances, and elevations of plasma arginine vasopressin, aldosterone and norepinephrine concentrations. However, class III could only be distinguished from class II on the basis of excretion of a standard water load. No significant differences were found among the classes in liver function tests. We prospectively followed these patients. Classes I and II patients appear to have a good prognosis, if they avoid ethanol (4 of 5 patients still alive 42-56 months after evaluation). Class III patients have a poor prognosis independent of ethanol intake (all lived less than 5 months, except 1 patients who received a peritoneovenous shunt). Class I patients were found to tolerate continued ethanol consumption better than class II patients. Thus, an early intervention, such as the peritoneovenous shunt, may prolong survival among class III patients; however, this possibility needs to be evaluated in a larger prospective study.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Elevated plasma atrial natriuretic factor and vasopressin in high-altitude pulmonary edema.

A diagnosis of acute high-altitude pulmonary edema was made in five male skiers (age, 35.0 +/- 1.8 years) by history and physical examination and was confirmed by a characteristic chest radiogram showing alveolar infiltrates associated with a normal cardiac silhouette. Five healthy age- and sex-matched subjects with similar physical activity at the same altitude served as controls. Plasma sodium was 135.0 +/- 1.5 mmol/L in the acutely ill patients compared with 144.0 +/- 3.3 mmol/L in the controls (P less than 0.025). Mean plasma atrial natriuretic factor immunoreactivity averaged 17.6 +/- 5.6 pmol/L in patients with high-altitude pulmonary edema compared with 6.8 +/- 0.7 pmol/L in the controls at the same altitude (P less than 0.05). Elevated atrial natriuretic factor levels normalized to 7.5 +/- 1.9 pmol/L (P less than 0.05) during recovery in Denver (altitude, 1600 meters) 24 hours later. Plasma arginine vasopressin levels were 1.8 +/- 0.37 pmol/L in patients with high-altitude pulmonary edema at diagnosis compared with 0.92 +/- 0.28 pmol/L in controls (P = 0.07). The inappropriately elevated arginine vasopressin levels decreased to 1.29 +/- 0.37 pmol/L during recovery (P less than 0.025), but the lowered plasma sodium concentration had not normalized by discharge within 24-hours of transfer to Denver and averaged 135.8 +/- 1.2 mmol/L. The pathophysiologic implications of these findings are discussed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1988

Modification of the sperm penetration assay using human follicular fluid to minimize false negative results.

Controversy surrounds the hamster test because of its frequent lack of correlation with human in vitro fertilization (IVF). This may be due to the low percentage of acrosome-reacted sperm that results from the assay's methodology. With the use of human follicular fluid (hFF) to increase the proportion of acrosome reactions, the penetration rate was raised by an average of 38% in 74% of samples from the subfertile men tested. Consistent enhancement prevailed in three subfertile patients, who were tested over a 6-month period. Brief exposure of the spermatozoa to follicular fluid may more accurately simulate the human IVF condition leading to capacitation and perhaps minimizing false-negative sperm penetration assays (SPAs).

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Successful pregnancies from cryopreserved human embryos produced by in vitro fertilization.

Sixty-three embryos produced after in vitro fertilization in 30 infertile couples were frozen and stored. Dimethylsulfoxide was used as a cryoprotectant and embryos were frozen from the two-cell stage to early blastocyst development. Replacement occurred during spontaneous ovulatory cycles 2 to 15 months after embryo freezing. Embryo replacement was performed 3 to 6 days following identification of the luteinizing hormone surge in the spontaneous cycle. Thirty-five embryos were replaced into 25 women and two viable pregnancies resulted.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Correlation of transabdominal and transvaginal ultrasound measurements of follicle size and number with laparoscopic findings for in vitro fertilization.

This paper compared the use of a transvaginal scanning approach with the conventional transabdominal scanning method. In study I, 15 patients with previous suboptimal abdominal ultrasounds were evaluated in subsequent cycles with both the transabdominal and the transvaginal techniques. With the transvaginal method, improvement was observed in 13 patients (87%). Study II compared both the transabdominal and transvaginal ultrasound measurements of follicle number and size with surgical findings. A high correlation (r = 0.914, P less than 0.001) was demonstrated between the number of follicles visualized by transvaginal sonogram and the number of follicles aspirated. A significant correlation (r = 0.639, P less than 0.001) was also observed between follicular fluid volume and the mean ultrasound follicle diameter determined transvaginally.

Female↗
PubMed1985

Reliability of urinary pregnancy tests in the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy.

Recently a new generation of urinary pregnancy tests with increased sensitivity and specificity for beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (beta-HCG) was introduced. The clinical sensitivity of seven of these tests was evaluated in patients with surgically proven ectopic pregnancy. Two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (Tandem Visual, Hybritech; Mod C1, Monoclonal Antibodies), with a sensitivity of 50 mIU of beta-HCG, were positive in 90% of ectopic pregnancies. The three-tube tests (Sensitex, Roche; UCG Beta Stat, Wampole; beta-Neocept, Organon), with a sensitivity of 150-250 mIU of beta-HCG, were positive in 81-85% of ectopic pregnancies. Two slide tests (UCG Beta Slide, Wampole, and Sensislide, Roche), with a sensitivity of 500-800 mIU of beta-HCG, were positive in 51-61% of ectopic pregnancies. Both the immunosorbent assays and the tube tests were statistically more sensitive than the slide tests (P less than .001). There was no statistically significant increase in sensitivity between the tube tests and the immunosorbent assays. The sensitivities of these tube tests in ectopic pregnancy are similar to those of tube tests from other manufacturers previously reported on.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Effect of variation of in vitro culture techniques upon oocyte fertilization and embryo development in human in vitro fertilization procedures.

Human in vitro fertilization requires a safe healthy environment for gamete interaction. This report compares the use of tube cultures with that of organ culture dishes for human in vitro fertilization procedures. Moreover, an oocyte grading system is described that provides an individualized approach for timing of insemination. From the results of this study, the use of organ culture dishes and variable oocyte preincubation demonstrates a significant improvement in human fertilization success in vitro.

Culture Media↗
PubMed1984

The effect of time of initiation of clomiphene citrate on multiple follicle development for human in vitro fertilization and embryo replacement procedures.

Clomiphene citrate has been utilized for ovarian stimulation for human in vitro fertilization and embryo replacement (IVF-ER) procedures quite successfully. The optimal time and the amount of drug necessary for optimal development have not been identified. In this investigation, 58 patients participating in a human IVF-ER program were stimulated with clomiphene citrate, 150 mg/day for 5 days, beginning on day 3, 4, 5, or 7 of the menstrual cycle. Maximal numbers of oocytes recovered, fertilized, and transferred occurred when stimulation was initiated on the fifth day of the cycle. It is concluded that if clomiphene alone is utilized for multiple follicle development, cycle day 5 is optimal for drug initiation.

Adult↗