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Biomedical subjects

B Zachrisson

Publications and source records attributed to B Zachrisson.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Prevention of deep-vein thrombosis after total hip replacement: direct thrombin inhibition with recombinant hirudin, CGP 39393.

BACKGROUND: The frequency of thromboembolism after major orthopaedic surgery continues to be high despite prophylaxis. New agents such as CGP 39393, a recombinant form of hirudin, may be more effective than existing therapies. METHODS: In this double-blind, multicentre, European study the efficacy of three doses of CGP 39393, in comparison with unfractionated heparin, were examined in 1119 patients undergoing elective hip surgery. Patients were randomly allocated to receive by subcutaneous injection either 10, 15, or 20 mg of CGP 39393 twice daily or 5000 IU of heparin three times daily. All treatments were started just before surgery and continued for 8-11 days, until bilateral venography was performed. FINDINGS: The occurrence of thromboembolism was significantly reduced in patients treated with CGP 39393 compared to heparin. The frequency of deep-vein thrombosis was 34.2% in the heparin group as compared to 23.9% (p=0.0113), 18.4% (p=0.0003), and 17.7% (p=0.0001) in the 10 mg, 15 mg, and 20 mg CGP 39393 groups, respectively. At all dose levels, CGP 39393 was more effective than heparin in preventing proximal deep-vein thrombosis. The frequency of proximal thrombosis was 19.6% in the heparin group as compared to 8.5% (p<0.001), 3.1% (p<0.001), and 2.4% (p<0.001) in the 10 mg, 15 mg, and 20 mg CGP 39393 groups, respectively. All treatments were well tolerated. INTERPRETATION: This study indicates that specific inhibition of thrombin by prophylactic CGP 39393 significantly reduces thromboembolic complications in patients undergoing total hip replacement.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Epirubicin and medroxyprogesterone acetate versus estramustine phosphate in hormone-resistant prostatic cancer: a prospective randomized study.

The effect of a medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) plus epirubicin combination versus estramustine phosphate was evaluated in 149 prospectively randomized patients with hormone-resistant prostatic cancer. The estimated probability of being free from progression after 1 year was 17% for the patients treated with estramustine and 29% for the MPA-epirubicin group. There is a significant difference between the two groups regarding risk of progression (p = 0.013). However, no difference in survival was recorded (p > 0.30) with about 60% of the patients dead during the first year in both groups. Progression was highly correlated to sedimentation rate (p < 0.001) and to performance index (p = 0.002). Heart failure occurred in a substantial number of patients in both groups which must be considered before starting therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[New experimental procedures in adult orthodontics].

This presentation discusses a new approach to preprosthetic orthodontic treatment of adult patients with missing anterior teeth. The basic idea is: Prosthodontic appliances with high and lasting esthetic qualities are difficult to obtain in the anterior region. Our alternative is to close anterior gaps by orthodontic treatment, if necessary combined with recontouring of individual crowns by means of grinding and/or light-cure resin buildup. Spaces needing prosthetic closure are transferred to more posterior regions of the dental arch, usually in the premolar region. Different aspects of this new approach has been presented and discussed. The material is derived from a clinical study currently in progress at the departments of orthodontics and prosthetics at The Dental Faculty in Oslo.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Removal of third molar germs. Study of complications.

Enucleation of the third molar germ has been discussed as an alternative to extractions of premolars in borderline cases of crowding in the mandibular arch. A total of 86 patients in the age group 8-17 years had their mandibular third molar germs removed bilaterally by the same procedure in local anaesthesia. Intramuscular injection of 6 mg Celeston-Chronodose R was given postoperatively. We experienced that the postoperative complications were few and the psychological reactions were acceptable.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Post-operative thromboembolism in neurosurgery. A study on the prophylactic effect of calf muscle stimulation plus dextran compared to low-dose heparin.

This study compares the safety and effectiveness of two methods for the prophylaxis of post-operative thromboembolism in neurosurgical patients: A: low-dose heparin (5,000 IU X 2 s.c.) started preoperatively and continued daily for one week post-operatively, and B: per-operative electrical calf muscle stimulation with groups of impulses plus post-operative dextran infusions every other day for one week. Neurosurgical patients aged 40 years or more with normal laboratory coagulation values and operated under general anaesthesia were included. The 125:I-fibrinogen uptake test (FUT) was used for screening and phlebography for verification of deep venous thrombosis (DVT). 122 patients entered the study and 104 completed the prophylactic protocol, 58 in group A and 46 in group B. The two groups were comparable according to pre-operative data and distribution of diagnoses. 89 patients completed screening for post-operative DVT. We found an overall incidence of 5/49 (10 percent) DVT in group A and 5/40 (13 percent) in group B, compared to a frequency of 32-50 percent for controls without prophylaxis reported in the literature, In spite of prophylaxis our patients with intracranial neoplasms and intracranial vascular disease showed a relatively higher incidence of DVT, 4/23 (17 percent) and 4/14 (29 percent) respectively, compared to patients with spinal diagnoses 2/25 (8 percent). In combination with cranial diagnoses paretic lower limbs meant an apparent risk factor, 4/7 (57 percent). However, paretic limbs appearing in cases with spinal disorders did not predetermine an unsuccessful prophylaxis, 2/14 (14 percent). Blood loss, transfusion requirements and post-operative complications did not differ significantly between the two prophylactic groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Central Nervous System Diseases↗
PubMed1982

Improving the handling properties of a composite resin for direct bonding.

Two experiments were performed to improve the handling properties of the Concise enamel bond system for direct bonding. The first study dealt with viscosity. For various reasons, neither the orthodontic nor the restorative Concise composite resins were considered optimal. Trial-and-error mixtures of various combinations of composite paste and liquid resin were made until a paste/paste system with the desired consistency was obtained. By weight analysis and mathematical calculations, it was figured out that the desired consistency could be arrived at by adding about 15 drops of liquid resin to each jar of 16 Gm. composite paste. Thus, diluted Concise had a consistency that allowed exact placement of brackets without subsequent drifting out of position and facilitated removal of excess adhesive outside the bracket pads. The second experiment dealt with working time. The two diluted pastes A and B were mixed in ratios of 1:1, 1:2, and 2:1, and furthermore paste A was mixed with liquid resin B (for superfast set), and the working time in the mouth was examined. The mean working time that was obtained for placement of each bracket in the mouth with equal portions of the 15-drop Concise was about 30 seconds. By varying the ratios, faster or slower working times could easily be obtained (Table I). The advantages of the Concise system as a bonding agent and our experiences with it over the past 10 years are discussed. Detailed clinical recommendations for direct bonding of brackets and lingual retainers with this adhesive are given (Figs. 2 to 8).

Acrylates↗