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Biomedical subjects

B Zafrani

Publications and source records attributed to B Zafrani.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Prognostic factors of breast recurrence in the conservative management of early breast cancer: a 25-year follow-up.

Between 1960 and 1980, 518 patients with T1, T2, N0, N1a, invasive breast cancer were treated by limited surgery at Institute Curie with (183 patients) or without (335 patients) axillary node dissection, followed by radiation therapy to breast and nodes. Median follow-up was 8.6 years (1.3 to 25 years). Fifty-six breast recurrences occurred, including 49 breast recurrences alone, 3 simultaneous breast and node recurrences, and 4 simultaneous breast recurrences and metastasis. Five-year, 10-year, and 15-year actuarial risks of breast recurrences were 7 +/- 1%, 11 +/- 1.5%, and 18 +/- 3%, respectively. Univariate analysis of 14 clinical and pathological prognostic factors revealed that local control in breast was significantly impaired by young age, premenopausal status, inadequate gross surgical excision, extensive ductal in situ component, and endolymphatic extension. On multivariate analysis with a Cox regression model, the most important contributors to local breast control in order of importance were age (p less than 10(-4), relative risk = 2.44), adequacy of surgery (p = 0.003, relative risk = 2.78), and endolymphatic extension (p = 0.03, relative risk = 2.98). The 5-year actuarial survival rate following breast recurrence was 73%, and was significantly worse when breast recurrence occurred in the first 3 years after treatment: 44% versus 87%, respectively (p less than 0.01). This study confirms the relationship between young age and low breast control rates, and demonstrates the importance of adequate initial surgical procedures. It emphasizes the adverse prognosis of early breast recurrences as compared to the relatively favorable outcome of late recurrences.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Relevance of DNA ploidy as a measure of genetic deviation: a comparison of flow cytometry and cytogenetics in 25 cases of human breast cancer.

Twenty-five human breast cancers, surgically resected, were studied by cytogenetic analysis and DNA flow cytometry (FCM). The establishment of karyotypes showed that multiple cell populations probably were derived from a single ancestor clone, because common marker chromosomes always could be demonstrated. Differences of up to 30% were observed when the estimates of DNA content by the two methods were compared. A general tendency toward the acquisition of large marker chromosomes should be at the origin of this discordance, as the proportion of markers for each case correlated significantly with the magnitude of the difference. Parallel use of the two methods revealed the existence of tumors with DNA diploid FCM profiles and highly abnormal hypodiploid karyotypes (35-40 chromosomes), which may explain the limited value of DNA ploidy as an independent prognostic factor in breast cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Recurrent deletions of chromosomes 11q and 3p in anal canal carcinoma.

A cytogenetic study of 8 cases of anal canal cancer, including 1 cloacogenic and 7 squamous-cell carcinomas, was performed. All tumors exhibited chromosomal abnormalities. A rearrangement involving the long arm of chromosome 11 was seen in all instances, and, with the exception of the i (11q) found in one tumor, all the observed rearrangements resulted in a deletion of the distal segment. Rearrangements of chromosome 3, detected in 6 tumors, led to a deletion of the short arm in 5 cases. The association of these 2 deletions may characterize the anal canal carcinoma, the smallest common deleted segments being distal to 11q22 or q23 and 3p22.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

The radiological appearances of telangiectatic osteosarcoma. A study of 14 cases.

Fourteen telangiectatic osteosarcomas are reported. They are rare, clinically and radiologically aggressive lesions, involving mainly the femurs of young patients, often misdiagnosed as aneurysmal bone cysts. An explanation for a characteristic early radiological appearance consisting of regular parallel striations of the shaft is suggested.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Characteristic chromosomal imbalances in 18 near-diploid colorectal tumors.

The cytogenetic study of 18 near-diploid colorectal tumors shows that the observed numerical and structural abnormalities resulted in recurrent chromosomal losses and gains. By order of decreasing frequencies, they are: monosomy 17p (16/18), partial or more frequently complete monosomy 18 (14/18), trisomy 20q (11/18), trisomy or tetrasomy 13 (10/18), monosomy lp and trisomies X and 8q (9/18). The absence of recurrent breakpoints in euchromatin contrasts with the high preponderance of breakage at various places of heterochromatic region. Because these tumors are characterized by very recurrent chromosomal imbalances, it is assumed that the observed chromosomal changes may be related to a recessive genetic determinism and to gene dosage imbalances.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Comparison of the carcinogenic effects of two 2-nitro-naphthofurans injected sub-cutaneously in rats.

7-Methoxy-2-nitro-naphtho[2,1-b]furan (R 7000) and its methylated homolog in position 1 (R 7372) are among the most mutagenic agents presently known, as shown by the results obtained both in the Ames test and in the SOS Chromotest. Their carcinogenic effects were tested in rats. We were able to confirm the carcinogenic effects of these nitro-naphthofurans, the presence of a methyl group--while increasing the mutagenic effect of R 7000 10 times--induces a significant decrease of the carcinogenic effects in R 7372. The discrepancy between the mutagenic effects in bacterial assays and the carcinogenic effects of these two 2-nitro-naphthofurans remains to be explained.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Medullary breast carcinoma: the role of radiotherapy as primary treatment.

The results are reported of a selected series of 41 patients with medullary carcinoma of the breast, treated with primary radiotherapy with (24 patients) or without (17 patients) adjuvant chemotherapy. Complete responses to radiotherapy occurred with moderate doses (67% of the patients had a complete response after a dose of 55-60 Gy) and were increased by the addition of an irradiation boost. The 6-year actuarial free of local recurrence survival, metastase-free survival and survival rates were 86, 83, and 83%, respectively. The 6-year actuarial probability of living with breast preserved was 72%. Recurrences and survivals were not influenced by the tumor size or clinical axillary node status. Adjuvant chemotherapy had no effect on the rate of recurrence or survival.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[The role of the pathologist in the treatment of osteogenic sarcoma].

The pathologist today has an important role in the treatment of osteosarcoma. He contributes during the operation by advising about the extent of the tumour and after the operation by studying the operative specimen to assess the extent of the tumour, and, when primary chemotherapy has been used, to estimate the effectiveness of the treatment by counting the percentage of viable tumour cells so that the type of chemotherapy used subsequently can be adapted to the situation. Only trained teams can make the best use of these studies.

Humans↗
PubMed1987

Cytogenetic study of twelve human near-diploid breast cancers with chromosomal changes.

The karyotypes of 12 fresh breast cancers, including two of the male, selected for their near-diploidy and their slight number of anomalies, i.e. less than 10 rearranged chromosomes, are reported. A clonal evolution could be demonstrated in 4 cases. Most of chromosomal imbalances result from structural rearrangement, frequently after breakage in juxtacentromeric heterochromatin. There does not seem to exist a specific breakpoint, but many of the imbalances are recurrent. They are, by decreasing order of frequency: gain of 1q, (7 cases), losses of 11q, 16q and 1p (5 cases), losses of 8p and 13q (4 cases), gain of 8q and losses of 6q and 17p (3 cases). None of these anomalies can be regarded as primary, but they are likely to be selected because they confer a slight selective advantage for the carrier cells during the tumoral progression.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1987

[Ploidy in colorectal cancer].

For several authors, DNA tumoral cell content represents an important prognostic factor in colorectal cancer. Samples obtained from 65 human colorectal cancers operated on between 1983 and 1986 were studied. Of 52 cases studied by flow cytometry 60 p. 100 were aneuploid tumors. The proliferative index was calculated in slightly over 50 p. 100 of the cases by DNA histogram analysis. During the same period 30 tumoral karyotypes were established by cytogenetic analysis. In 17 cases a comparison was possible between flow cytometry and cytogenetic results. In all cases a significant correlation was seen between the DNA histogram modal value and the mean number of chromosomes counted by cytogenic analysis. In this study, there was no statistical correlation between flow cytometry results and Dukes classification. Because of the short follow-up in our series, no prognostic value may be attributed to the DNA index.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Conservative management of intraductal breast carcinoma with tumorectomy and radiation therapy.

Between 1967 and 1983, 54 patients with strictly noninvasive intraductal breast carcinoma were treated with tumorectomy and radiation therapy. Median follow-up was 55 months. Three patients had a recurrence in the treated breast; two were noninvasive, and one was invasive. One patient died of disease. Actuarial 5-year disease-free survival rate was 95.2%. No axillary node recurrences occurred in patients treated with irradiation to the breast and regional nodes (34 patients), or in patients treated with breast irradiation alone (20 patients). These preliminary results suggest that combined tumorectomy and radiation therapy could be a valuable conservative alternative to mastectomy in the treatment of noninvasive intraductal breast carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Prognosis of cloacogenic and squamous cancers of the anal canal.

From 1968 to 1982, 195 patients with invasive cancer of the anal canal were treated (average age, 67 +/- 11 years; range, 38 to 85 years; sex ratio [women/men]: 5/1). Histology revealed: cloacogenic cancer, 20 cases; squamous cancer, poorly differentiated, 30; moderately differentiated, 68; well differentiated, 77. The initial size of the cloacogenic cancers was smaller than the squamous cancers. Invasion less than half the circumference of the canal was 90 and 74 percent, respectively. No patients with cloacogenic cancer presented with positive inguinal nodes; however, there were 22 unilateral and five bilateral positive nodes in the squamous cancers. All 195 patients received radiotherapy as the first treatment. There were no differences among the patients operated on with respect to sterilized operative specimens, postradiotherapy sequelae, perineal recurrences, and/or visceral metastases in the cloacogenic and squamous cancers. Five-year survival was better in cloacogenic (62 percent) than in squamous cancers (56 percent); this difference was not significant, and was related to the initial size of the tumor. The number of patients with no evidence of disease and good anal function was significantly related to the initial size of the tumor, and was independent of the histologic findings.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1986

Local control and survival of breast cancer treated by limited surgery followed by irradiation.

Between 1960 and 1978, 324 patients with early breast cancer were treated by lumpectomy with or without axillary dissection followed by radiation therapy. All were followed for a minimum of 5 years. All patients were, retrospectively, classified T1, T2, N0, N1a, in the TNM (U.I.C.C.) Classification. The retrospective analysis of the local-regional patterns of failure revealed that young age (less than or equal to 32 years) and premenopausal status were associated with an increased rate of local failure, whereas tumor size and location showed no influence. No pathological features were associated with an increased risk of local recurrence, whether pathological subtypes, Scarff Bloom and Richardson grading, intraductal associated component, or vascular involvement. The absolute 5 year disease-free survival rate was 87% in patients who recurred and 93% in those who did not. The absolute 10 year disease-free survival rates were 75 and 82%, respectively. Therefore, these results confirm that loco-regional failure does not significantly influence the disease-free survival.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Carcinogenic effect of 7-methoxy-2-nitro-naphtho[2,1-b] furan (R 7000) in the forestomach of rats.

7-methoxy-2-nitro-naphtho[2,1-b] furan (R 7000), known as a very potent mutagen and a very active in vivo carcinogen was employed here to develop squamous cell carcinoma in the rat. Seventy male Wistar rats received R 7000 p.o. dissolved in deionized water with 5% ethanol for periods from 1 to 21 months, while 20 served as controls receiving either water or 5% ethanol. All the animals were killed 21 months after the beginning of the experiment. Microscopic lesions were noticed in the forestomach after only 1 month of R 7000 administration. Histologic features varied from slight dysplasia to invasive carcinoma. Their sizes and invasive character increased significantly with the amount of R 7000 administered (P less than 0.05). R 7000 can be considered as a locally acting carcinogen since its carcinogenic effects appear at a place where the compound collects after swallowing. R 7000 is a weak carcinogen at the concentration employed here, when compared to some nitrosamines used in the development of forestomach cancer in rodents. The exact mechanism of the carcinogenic effects remains to be explained.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Mixed tumor of the breast (pleomorphic adenoma)].

Mixed tumor (pleomorphic adenoma) of the breast is a rare distinctive primary neoplasm. Its prognosis is comparable to the corresponding salivary neoplasm. Differential diagnosis can be difficult with metaplastic carcinoma containing bone and cartilage, specially on small biopsies as emphasized by the present observation.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

[Cancer of the anal canal. Results of the treatment of a series of 195 cases].

Between 1968 and 1982, 195 patients with invasive anal canal carcinoma were treated at Institut Curie (Paris, France). There were 168 females and 27 males --sex-ratio: 5.7/1, mean age: 67 +/- 11 yrs. (range: 38-85 yrs.). The initial size of the tumors was analyzed according to the circumferential invasion of the anal canal. The tumor involved 1/4 of the circumference in 49 cases, 1/2 of the circumference in 108 cases, 3/4 of the circumference in 22 cases and the whole circumference in 16 cases. Pathological examination revealed 20 cloacogenic carcinomas and 175 squamous carcinomas. All patients received radiotherapy as initial treatment and none received chemotherapy as a curative procedure. Eight patients received only palliative treatment. Twenty-seven patients were operated on because the response of the tumor to irradiation was partial or incomplete. One hundred and sixty patients received the full course of irradiation with a complete response. Among the latter, 100 patients were alive NED with a normal anal function with at least a 2-year follow-up. Local recurrences (n = 42) underwent salvage surgery in 50 p. 100 of the cases with a 3-year survival over 50 p. 100. Actuarial survival of the 195 patients was 68.5 p. 100 at 3 years and 58 p. 100 at 5 years. Survival was highly related to the initial size of the tumor and to the presence of positive inguinal nodes (p less than 0.0002). The histologic type was not related to the response to radiotherapy, nor to local recurrence or to survival.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Consistent deficiencies of chromosome 18 and of the short arm of chromosome 17 in eleven cases of human large bowel cancer: a possible recessive determinism.

Cytogenetic study of 11 cases of colorectal carcinoma was performed after R-banding. In all instances, there was a rearrangement involving chromosome 17 in its juxtacentromeric region, leading to the loss of its short arm. There was also a relative lack of chromosome 18, unrelated to a rearrangement of this chromosome in all but one case. Other anomalies, involving chromosomes 1 and 8 among others, were frequently but not systematically observed. The consistent lack of chromosome 18 and of the short arm of chromosome 17, leading to a complete or partial monosomy of these chromosomes in near diploid cells suggests that the passage to the hemizygous status of recessive genes carried by these chromosomes may play an important role in the development of colorectal carcinoma.

Adult↗