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Biomedical subjects

B Zaleska

Publications and source records attributed to B Zaleska.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Blepharospasm and Meige's syndrome--a contribution to it's pathogenesis].

Two cases with blepharospasm followed by Meige syndrome were described. In the first magnetic resonants revealed bilateral hypodensive foci in thalamus. During the few years general dystonia has been developed after several relapses of disease diagnosed as multiple infarcts followed by aphasia, hemiparesis and asynergia. In the other one, who died, loss of neurons in striatum, especially in caudate nuclei was found. It is concluded that blepharospasm could be a syndrome of different origin and only the phase of Meige syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[The so-called stroke headache].

Sudden violent headache occurring for the first time in life suggests subarachnoid haemorrhage and requires diagnostic management. In 20 cases the authors failed to find blood in cerebrospinal fluid, but in 8 cases the protein level was raised. The patients were examined again after 2-10 years, and had control neurological examination and CT of the brain. In half the cases similar headaches returned after various time periods, and haemorrhage was again ruled out. In all patient chronic headaches of lower intensity developed. Control CT examination showed in 7 cases scars or atrophy of brain tissue. It is difficult to qualify such headaches as migraine and other known types of headache. Recently in the literature a new name has been coined for them--thunderclap headaches, and some authors regard them as a sign of minor intracranial haemorrhage. CT changes, raised protein level in cerebrospinal fluid, and the type of pain may suggest haemorrhage. The usefulness of cerebral arteriography in such patients should be considered. We propose the name of stoke headache for suggesting the cause and special management.

Brain↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical, CT and electrophysiologic studies of alcoholics with special reference to the cerebellum].

Comprehensive clinical examinations and laboratory investigations were carried out in 20 alcoholics (Group III according to Jellinek's classification) with particular reference to the cerebellum. Clinical cerebellar signs were found in 4 cases, and in 3 of them atrophic changes of the cerebellum and cerebrum were demonstrated in CT examinations, and in 3 electrophysiological changes compatible with neuropathy were found. Evoked auditory potential from the brainstem was changed in 12 cases, which might be explained as impairment of the cerebellar function. In 12 cases signs of polyneuropathy were disclosed, in 5 of them they were evident clinically and electrophysiologically, and in 7 they were found only in EMG. Changes in somatosensory and visual evoked potentials were less evident, but in connection with abnormalities in other investigations they suggested presence of diffuse or disseminated nervous system damage. These investigations suggest that cerebellar signs in alcoholics are not isolated and are a manifestation of a more generalized damage to the nervous system.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Plasmapheresis in the treatment of Guillain-Barre syndrome].

Plasmapheresis was used in the treatment of a 55-year-old man with serious Guillain-Barré polyneuropathy increasing in intensity despite treatment with steroids and azathioprine. The treatment was started in view of reports in the world literature suggesting that the method is effective in autoimmune diseases. A very good effect was obtained, the patient who had had quadriplegia and respiratory failure began to move about unaided. No complications were observed during this treatment. In severe Guillain-Barré syndrome plasmapheresis should be used after exhaustion of other therapeutic methods since it gives a probability of improvement.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Apomorphine in treatment of Parkinson's disease with fluctuations].

Apomorphine is a non-specific dopamine agonist, most similar to it, with a strong action on D2, D3, D4 receptors and weaker action on D1 and D5 receptors. It has been known since 100 years, and in Parkinson's disease it was used first in 1970 by Schwab and Cotzias. Apomorphine is used in Parkinson's disease with high-grade fluctuations of symptoms which cannot be controlled by oral drugs, especially in off" periods resistant to levodopa. After subcutaneous administration it changes the "off" to "on" period within 5-10 minutes. Unfortunately, its effect is short-lasting and wears off after 40-90 minutes. Apomorphine is administered in repeated single subcutaneous injections or in continuous subcutaneous infusion, if more than 7-9 single injections are required daily. Before beginning of treatment the optimal dose of apomorphine should be determined. For counteracting its emetic action domperidon (Motilium) is given additionally 20 mg t.d.s. Apomorphine produces no tolerance and is not losing its effectiveness with continued treatment. The most frequent adverse effects during long-term treatment are local cutaneous reactions, increased intensity of dyskinesia during the "on" period, visual hallucinations whose illusory character is clear to the patient, psychoses, orthostatic hypotension. The authors treated 8 patients with marked fluctuations in Parkinson's disease treated with levodopa. In 7 cases the effects was good--6 of them received 2-3 mg s.c. 3-4 times in 24 hours for 7-12 days. One patient has been treated 9 months with good result. In one case the intensity of dyskinesia made impossible treatment continuation.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

1,3-disubstituted 2-thioxo-4,5-imidazolidinediones and 2,4,5-imidazolidinetriones and their anticonvulsant activity.

New unsymmetrically 1,3-disubstituted derivatives of 2-thioxo-4,5-imidazolidinedione (3, 5-7, 9-12) and 2,4,5-imidazolidinetrione (2, 8, 13-15) were synthesized by condensation of the respective thioureas and ureas with oxalyl chloride. They were screened for their central, mainly anticonvulsant activity and only compound 8 revealed antianxiety and antiepileptic properties.

Analgesics↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Vertebrobasilar ischemia--clinico-radiologic correlations].

This term is used for describing disturbances of blood flow in the vertebral and basilar arteries due to atherosclerotic lesions causing stenosis or occlusion of these arteries. Clinical patterns of the resulting disturbances include transient symptoms, mainly vertigo, and stabilized syndromes with evidence of brain damage in this blood supply area. The purpose of the study was assessment of the blood flow in this vascular bed by means of dynamic computerized tomography (DCT) in relation to clinical signs, and a comparison of the results with those of similar DCT examinations in cases of circulatory disturbances in the carotid arteries. The study was carried out on 40 patients (20 with stabilized syndromes, 10 with transient disturbances and 10 with ischaemic episodes in the carotid artery supply. DCT abnormalities were found in 90% of patients with stabilized syndromes and in 40% of those with transient ischaemia. DCT may be an auxiliary diagnostic methods and may confirm the presence of vertebrobasilar circulatory failure. Normal result is not ruling out presence of changes in this arterial system.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Morphine epidural block in lumbosacral pain].

In 60 patients treated in hospital for discopathy the effectiveness of morphine epidural blockade was studied in the control of very strong pain. The patients were divided into 3 groups with 20 cases in each group. Group I received morphine 5 mg with 5 ml of 1% xylocaine. In group II and III the blockade was repeated giving by the double blind method either morphine with normal saline 5 ml followed by xylocaine as the second blockade (in 20 cases) or normal saline injected epidurally in 20 cases. The analgesic effect was assessed measuring the duration of analgesia. After morphine blockades the mean duration of analgesia was 20 hours, and the addition of xylocaine had no effect on it. Following xylocaine blockade the mean time of analgesia was 9.8 hours, and after normal saline injection it was 8.0 hours. The sensory phenomena experienced after morphine by most patients suggest that morphine exerts not only a local but also a central effect, while the similarity of the effects of xylocaine and normal saline suggests an analgesic effect independent of conduction block after epidural injection of these substances.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Synthesis and pharmacological investigation of compounds containing a 2-thioxopyrrolidine-4,5-dione moiety.

The synthesis of two Schiff bases of aryl methyl ketones and ethylenediamine 1c, 1d, symmetric adducts of aryl isothiocyanates with Schiff bases 2d-2m and 2-thioxopyrrolidine-4,5-dione derivatives 4d-4m obtained by condensation of oxalyl chloride with Schiff bases of aroylthioacetic acid anilides and ethylenediamine is described. Some of 13 investigated compounds 4a, 4b, 4d-4l, 5a, 5b of 2-thioxopyrrolidine-4,5-dione type showed sedative and analgesic action.

5-Hydroxytryptophan↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cavinton in the treatment of ischemic cerebral stroke. Clinical and computerized-tomographic evaluation].

Intravenous Cavinton (ethyl ester of apovincaminic acid) was given to 27 patients with acute ischaemic stroke, while 30 patients were given aminophylline twice daily during 10 days. The results of this treatment was compared on the basis of clinical manifestations and changes in computerized tomograms (CT) before and after the treatment. It was found that Cavinton gave similar results as aminophylline and other vasoactive preparations studied by other authors. In the group of severe strokes better results were observed after Cavinton, --out of 14 patients 2 died and 12 improved. In the aminophylline group 5 out of 10 patients died, and in 2 no improvement was observed. Clinical improvement was not correlated with CT improvement, while a significant correlation was observed between the state of the patient during admission and the size of the focus in CT. Cavinton had a significantly greater effect on the regression of CT changes.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Dynamics of clinical changes in correlation with computerized tomography in ischemic strokes].

Sixty patients with ischaemic stroke were studied observing during the acute period of the disease (10 days) changes in their neurological state in relation to findings in computerized tomography. It was found that in 24 patients with serious state changes prevailed involving nearly the whole lobe in CT. In patients with minor stroke CT demonstrated major lesions with involvement of a whole lobe as well as small deep lesions and cortical foci. In 27 patients the first CT examination demonstrated extensive lesions involving a whole lobe or a hemisphere. In this group clinical manifestations regressed completely in 3 cases within 10 days, in 15 cases an improvement was observed, 3 cases failed to improve and 6 patients died. In 12 cases with small cortical lesions regression of clinical manifestations was observed in 3 patients, 8 patients improved and one failed to improve. These observations showed a certain correlation between the clinical state and CT findings. Prognostic conclusions could be reached, however, only if a correlation existed between the clinical picture and CT. In case of lack of agreement, that is if extensive lesions coexisted with slight clinical changes or small lesions with a serious condition the clinical picture was of greater prognostic significance than CT findings.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Case of chronic cerebrospinal memningitis with lymphocytic-monocytic reaction].

A case of cerebrospinal meningitis was observed with persistence of cerebrospinal fluid changes during 24 months of follow up. The changes had a lymphocytic-monocytic character with pleocytosis ranging from 49 to 1500/mm3. The course of the disease was mild with meningeal signs occurring only periodically. Despite very long duration of the inflammatory process no signs of nervous system damage were observed and the general condition of the patient was good. The investigations performed failed to explain the aetiology of the disease.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Diurnal rhythm of pain in sciatica. Preliminary report].

Similarly as nearly all processes taking place continuously in the organism pain shows also frequently a circadian rhythm. In 30 patients with ischalgia pain intensity was studied over 24-hour periods during 7 successive days. The patients noted graphically the intensity of pain on a specially prepared scale. In the light of the data obtained from the patients three types of circadian pain rhythm curves were isolated. In 83,3% of cases the co urse of pain had an evident circadian rhythm returning during successive days. In 19 cases (63.3%) pain was particularly increased in the evening and night hours. In 6 cases (20%) the peak intensity of pain was in the morning hours (5-10 a.m.). In the remaining 5 cases (16%) its intensity was unchanged, without any circadian fluctuations. No relationship was demonstrated between pain rhythm and the age, sex, disease duration, spinal radiological changes, sensory or motor deficit. Pain rhythm is individual feature connected, probably, with other rhythmic processes in the organism, particularly with the rhythm of corticosteroid or endorphin release. Increased intensity of pain may be connected with falling level of these substances in the organism. In 35 patients with a significant nocturnal rhythm of ischalgic pain a trial was undertaken of treating the pain with dexomethasone administered in the evening hours in the painless period. The doses were 1-2 mg. In nearly 70% of cases (24 patients) a good effect of this treatment was obtained. This work based exclusively on clinical observations requires further studies and it is regarded by the authors as a preliminary communication.

Adult↗