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B van Ek

Publications and source records attributed to B van Ek.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Clinical, bacteriological and cost-saving effects of antibiotic prophylaxis in craniotomy].

Objective of the study. To investigate the effect of antibiotic prophylaxis on the incidence of infections, on the bacterial flora of wounds and on the health-care costs. A retrospective study disclosed an incidence of infection of 8.1% in patients who underwent craniotomy. Methods. Double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the effects of cloxacillin (4 x 1 gr intravenously during 24 h, perioperatively) in 310 patients who had to undergo a craniotomy. Results. In the cloxacillin group significantly fewer infections occurred than in the placebo group, 6 infections in 156 and 20 infections in 154, respectively. In the cloxacillin group significantly fewer samples contained micro-organisms than in the placebo group. Cloxacillin prophylaxis reduces the cost of patient care by about 20%. Conclusion. Cloxacillin prophylaxis in craniotomy cases reduces the percentage of infections, the percentage of positive cultures of the wound, and the costs of patient care.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Effect of cloxacillin prophylaxis on the bacterial flora of craniotomy wounds.

During a double-blind placebo-controlled study, the effect of cloxacillin prophylaxis in craniotomies on samples taken for culture from 334 operation wounds in 279 patients was assessed. Patients and operations were equally divided over the cloxacillin and placebo groups. In the cloxacillin group significantly fewer samples contained microorganisms than was the case in the placebo group both just after the incision was made (p less than 0.05) and just before closure of the wound (p less than 0.001). The contaminating bacteria found most frequently were Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis. For material collected immediately after the incision, the percentage of cultures positive for S. epidermidis was significantly (p = 0.001) lower in the cloxacillin group than in the placebo group; the percentage of cultures with P. acnes did not differ between the two groups. For samples taken just before the wound was closed, the percentage of cultures with P. acnes or S. epidermidis was significantly (p = 0.008 and 0.003, respectively) lower in the cloxacillin than in the placebo group. In the placebo group neurosurgical infections occurred with P. acnes and/or S. epidermidis as causative microorganisms; in almost all cases those bacteria could be cultured from the edge of the wound. In none of the patients with an infection caused by S. aureus was the bacteria found in the operation area. In 2/6 infections in the cloxacillin group the infecting microorganisms could be cultured from the operation area. These findings support a significant reduction in the infection rate after craniotomy under cloxacillin prophylaxis compared with placebo.

Cloxacillin↗
PubMed1988

Antibiotic prophylaxis in craniotomy: a prospective double-blind placebo-controlled study.

A prospective double-blind placebo-controlled study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of cloxacillin for the prevention of infections after craniotomy. 310 patients were admitted to the study. 39 died within 90 days after craniotomy without an infection, 20 and 19 of them belonging to the cloxacillin and placebo groups, respectively. In the cloxacillin group 6 neurosurgical infections occurred after 183 operations (3.3%) in 156 patients (3.9%), and in the placebo group 20 after 195 operations (10.3%) in 154 patients (13%). These differences between the 2 groups are statistically significant (p less than 0.01 and p less than 0.05 for patients and operations, respectively). For a craniotomy subgroup, there was no significant difference in infection rate between the cloxacillin and placebo groups. We conclude that cloxacillin significantly reduces the rate of infection after craniotomy, and recommend administration of this antibiotic for prophylaxis in patients undergoing this operation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Infections after craniotomy: a retrospective study.

A retrospective study was performed to evaluate the rate of infection directly related to craniotomy. Of 246 craniotomies performed in 1981, 234 could be evaluated. The overall incidence of infection was 8.1% (19 infections in 18 patients). The infection rate was 15.2% after insertion of a ventricular shunt (seven infections after 45 ventriculostomies). Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacterium acnes were the most frequent isolated micro-organisms. We recommended a double-blind prospective study to evaluate the possible benefit of antibiotic prophylaxis in craniotomies.

Adolescent↗