Biomedical subjects

Bülent Celasun

Publications and source records attributed to Bülent Celasun.

17 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Image analysis as an adjunct to sodium rhodizonate test in the evaluation of gunshot residues: an experimental study.

It is important to investigate the clothing, as well as the body, to determine the range of fire of entry wounds in firearm injuries. Clothing can affect the amount of gunshot residues (GSR) reaching the body and their distribution. The amount and distribution of the GSR also vary according to the distance between the firearm and the target. Sodium rhodizonate test provides valuable data when clothing is available for examination. In the absence of clothing, light microscopic examinations may add additional information regarding the range of fire. In this study, a sodium rhodizonate test was done on 80 garment samples containing the bullet entrance. The 80 calfskin samples were processed histologically and were stained using Alizarin Red S. These were also evaluated with computer-assisted image analysis. Gross residues were seen on military camouflage clothing in samples from < or = 45-cm group. White flannel undershirts under the military camouflage contained rhodizonate-positive particles only around the contact wounds. With image analysis, however, the residues could be detected also in the skin samples of the 2.5-cm- and 5-cm-range groups. We suggest that the image analysis can be combined with other techniques and it can provide valuable data in the determination of entry wounds and also in the estimation of firing distance.

Clothing↗

PubMed2006

A simple method for the evaluation of epidermal thickness variations in psoriasis vulgaris.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the "variation" of the epidermal thickness and variables such as the mean, maximum, and minimum thickness for the diagnosis and follow-up of some skin diseases such as psoriasis. STUDY DESIGN: A simple quantitative method is described. A series of psoriasis vulgaris cases is provided as an example. Biopsy samples taken before and after topical treatment were used. RESULTS: The mean thickness was higher in lesions compared to the perilesional control skin (p < 0.001) and post-treatment lesional area (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The thickness of the epidermis varies due to a multitude of factors. Measuring the mean epidermal thickness may be important. However, this measurement may not be the best way for studies involving a series of patients and a variety of lesion sites. The natural variations in the thickness of the epidermis of different body sites and of different persons may prevent the usage of thickness measurements alone on a wider scale. It is hoped that this method can be used for evaluation of certain skin diseases affecting epidermal thickness where variation of the epidermal thickness is a potentially useful diagnostic and therapeutic variable.

Biopsy↗

PubMed2005

Contribution of morphometry in the differential diagnosis of fine-needle thyroid aspirates.

BACKGROUND: Cytologic discrimination of cellular nodules, follicular adenoma, and follicular carcinoma in the thyroid is problematic. Methods are needed to achieve a reliable diagnosis. Some sophisticated tools, such as microarrays, offer great potential but lack accompanying morphologic information. METHODS: One hundred twelve samples obtained from patients with lesions histopathologically diagnosed as nodular goiter, follicular adenoma, follicular carcinoma, and papillary carcinoma were used. Eight geometric features, such as nuclear area and circular form factor, were measured. The dataset was divided into six overlapping groups to represent the frequently encountered situations in routine practice. Multivariate analysis of variance, Tukey's honestly significant differences test, and discriminant analysis were performed. Statistical analysis was carried out with two conceptually different approaches. In the first, data from all measured nuclei were used. In the second, a subset of data representing the most extreme values of variables was extracted from the entire dataset to simulate the "selection procedure" performed during conventional morphologic examination. RESULTS: When the selected dataset instead of data from all measured nuclei was used, the correct classification rates in discriminant analysis improved considerably. CONCLUSIONS: Morphologic examination is based primarily on selection. Using data obtained from all of the cells in morphometry may cause a dilution effect in diagnostically important features. Morphometric studies may also be planned with a proper selection "bias." This may be particularly helpful when isolated abnormal cells carry most of the diagnostic information.

Adenocarcinoma, Follicular↗

PubMed2005

Determination of gunshot residues with image analysis: an experimental study.

In firearm injuries, assessment of the firing range and determination of entrance and exit wounds are important. For this reason, evaluation of the amount and distribution of gunshot residues (GSRs) is necessary. Several methods and techniques for GSR analysis have been developed. Although these methods are relatively sensitive and specific, they may require expensive dedicated equipment. Therefore, a simple, easily applicable, more convenient method is needed. A total of 40 experimental shots were made to calf skin from distances of 0, 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 30, 45, and 60 cm. Eighty samples were taken from the right and left sides of the wounds, and Alizarin Red S dye staining was performed. The amounts of GSR particles were measured with image analysis. GSRs were detected in all shots. The mean size of the distribution area of barium and lead elements around the wound had a significant negative correlation with increasing shooting distance (r = -0.97, p < 0.001). As the distance increased, the amount of GSR decreased, and this decrease rate was nonlinear. Variance analysis suggested significant differences between data groups depending on range (p < 0.001). The image analysis method may solve some of the standardization problems for evaluation of GSRs. GSR detection with the image analysis method does not require experienced personnel and may be a suitable method for scientific studies and for routine purposes.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

Sampling of sentinel lymph nodes: a simulation study.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effects of various slicing schemes on the detection of metastases in lymph nodes. STUDY DESIGN: Use of an advanced computer simulation tool. RESULTS: Bisectioning along the longitudinal axis is an inadequate approach. Slicing ellipsoid lymph nodes along their longitudinal axis also results in a lower rate of detecting metastases since metastatic deposits have a predilection to localize subcapsularly. CONCLUSION: Ellipsoid lymph nodes must be sliced perpendicular to the longest axis to increase the rate of detecting metastases.

Computer Simulation↗

PubMed2004

Association of paranasal sinus osteoma and intracranial mucocele--two case reports.

Two young adult males presented with paranasal sinus osteoma associated with mucocele. A 20-year-old man presented with headache and seizure, and another 20-year-old man presented with headache, frontal deformity, and visual disturbances. Both patients underwent surgery and satisfactory results were obtained. Isolated paranasal sinus osteomas are benign and slow-growing tumors, but may become more aggressive in association with mucoceles. The higher aggressiveness of the lesions may be due to the presence of the mucocele. Calcification and ossification of the mucocele probably contributes to the unexpected enlargement of the osteoma.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

Morphological and immunohistochemical changes on rat skin exposed to nitrogen mustard.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to understand the mechanism of nitrogen mustard on skin. METHODS: Nitrogen mustard was applied on ventral skin of 30 rats. Sequential biopsies were taken during the postexposure period. Slides were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and keratin PAN and high molecular weight cytokeratin and keratin 5. RESULTS: The earliest findings are minimal polymorphonuclear leukocytes extravasation and edema. Heavy inflammation with formation of vesicles and bulla were present at 24 hours. At 6 hours, the upper epidermal cells showed weak staining with high molecular weight cytokeratin and keratin PAN. At 24 and 48 hours, only patchy areas of staining with high molecular weight cytokeratin and keratin 5 were present. CONCLUSION: One of the major mechanisms of injury by nitrogen mustard may be the disruption of cytoskeletal filament network.

Animals↗

PubMed2004

Effects of lossy image compression on quantitative image analysis of cell nuclei.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether statistically significant changes occur in quantitative image analysis of cell nuclei when lossy image compression techniques are used. STUDY DESIGN: Thirty-five stoichiometric, Feulgen-stained samples of rat hepatocytes, human thyroid and ovarian cancer cell nuclei were used. Image analysis was performed by a computerized system that used AutoCyte LINK V1.1.1.56 software (Burlington, North Carolina, U.S.A.) for image acquisition and Zeiss Vision KS 400 V3.0 software (Oberkochen, Germany) for quantitative image analysis. After lossy JPEG compression of acquired images at different quality levels, some densitometric features were selected and measurements performed. RESULTS: We observed that nearly all the standard densitometric features showed statistically significant changes when images were compressed with the lossy JPEG algorithm. However, most invariant densitometric moment features remained free of statistically significant changes. CONCLUSION: The standard densitometric measurements that we used do not tolerate lossy compression. However, analyses using invariant densitometric features may be performed on images compressed with lossy JPEG, resulting in simpler, less expensive systems demanding less network bandwidth.

Animals↗

PubMed2004

Comparison of C-erbB2 (HER-2/Neu) immunohistochemistry results on invasive breast carcinomas. Experience of 2 Pathology departments in Turkey and Greece.

OBJECTIVE: To compare c-erbB2 (HER-2/Neu) immunohistochemical staining results obtained in 2 pathology departments and evaluate the reproducibility of staining and assessments. STUDY DESIGN: Ninety primary invasive ductal carcinoma cases constituted the material of this study. For concordant assessment, serial sections from the same tissue blocks were prepared in both Turkey and Greece and were sent to each other. Evaluation of c-erbB2 (HER-2/Neu) staining was done independently in 2 departments by experienced pathologists. Stained slides were evaluated semiquantitatively in Turkey and both semiquantitatively and automatically in Greece. RESULTS: There was complete agreement on staining density in 58 (64.4%) cases in both centers. In 15 cases there were major discordances in staining degrees, and in 17 cases there was a major discordance. Hypothetical treatment decisions based on these results showed that 82% of patients would have been handled the same way. CONCLUSION: Comparison of immunostaining patterns performed at 2 centers provided valuable data that may be used in the development of quality assurance policies. The present study showed the usefulness of multicenter comparative studies in initiating the development of guidelines.

Breast Neoplasms↗

PubMed2003

A new, practical, low-dose 14C-urea breath test for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection: clinical validation and comparison with the standard method.

The carbon-14 urea breath test (UBT) is a reliable and non-invasive technique for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection. In this study we evaluated the diagnostic performance of a new, practical and low-dose (14)C-UBT system for the diagnosis of HP and compared the results with those obtained using the standard method. Seventy-five patients (56 female, 19 male) with dyspepsia underwent (14)C-UBT and endoscopy with antral biopsies for histological analysis. The rapid urease test (CLO test) was applied to 50 of these patients. After a 6-h fasting period, a 37-kBq (14)C-urea capsule was swallowed for UBT. Breath samples were collected and counted using two different methods, the Heliprobe method and the standard method. In the Heliprobe method, patients exhaled into a special dry cartridge system (Heliprobe BreathCard) at 10 min. The activities of the cartridges were counted using a designated small GM counter system (Heliprobe analyser). Results were expressed both as counts per minute (HCPM) and as grade (0, not infected; 1, equivocal; 2, infected) according to the counts. In the standard method, breath samples were collected by trapping in a liquid CO(2) absorber. Radioactivity was counted as disintegrations per minute (SDPM) using a liquid scintillation counter after addition of a liquid scintillation cocktail. Histological examination was used as a gold standard. Two patients were excluded from the study because of inadequate biopsy sampling. Forty-eight patients (65%) were found to be HP positive on histology. The Heliprobe method correctly classified 48 of 48 HP-positive patients and 19 of 25 HP-negative patients (sensitivity 100%, specificity 76%, PPV 88%, NPV 100%, accuracy 91%). The standard method correctly classified 48 of 48 HP-positive patients and 20 of 25 HP-negative patients (sensitivity 100%, specificity 80%, PPV 90%, NPV 100%, accuracy 93%). On the other hand, the CLO test identified 26 of 32 HP-positive and 12 of 16 HP-negative patients (sensitivity 81%, specificity 75%, PPV 86%, NPV 66%, accuracy 79%). With the Heliprobe method, all of the positive results were grade 2, and all of the negative results were grade 0. No patients were defined as having grade 1 results. Counts allowed clear discrimination of HP-positive and -negative patients with both methods, the difference being statistically significant in each case ( P<0.001). A significant correlation was found between HCPM and SDPM ( r 0.863, P<0.001). According to the ROC analysis, the area under the curve was nearly the same with HCPM (AUC, 0.888; 95% CI, 0.785-0.992) and SDPM (AUC, 0.898; 95% CI, 0.802-0.994). In conclusion, the new (14)C-UBT system is a highly accurate method for the diagnosis of HP infection. It is rapid and practical, and therefore suitable for clinical and office practice.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

Nuclear morphometric features of epithelial cells lining keratocysts.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the nuclear morphometric features of epithelial cells lining keratocysts and some other odontogenic cysts. STUDY DESIGN: All cases were selected from the archives of the Department of Pathology, Gülhane Military Medical Academy, as follows: 20 keratocysts and 10 dentigerous and 10 radicular cysts. Nuclear morphometric variables were measured on hematoxylin and eosin-stained histologic slides. Basal and intermediate cells of the epithelium were evaluated separately. Nuclei of the cells were outlined interactively and measured using a specially written macro program. Area, feret ratio (ratio of the longest nuclear axis to the shortest one) and circularity (F circle) of the nuclei were calculated. Additionally, nuclear densitometric analysis was performed on the keratocyst cases. RESULTS: The number of cells in the basal layer (cell density) was higher in keratocysts than in other cysts. The mean nuclear area of basal cells was smaller than of intermediate cells in both keratocysts and other cysts (P < .001). The feret ratio values revealed that basal cell nuclei of keratocysts were more ovoid as compared to those of other cysts (P < .001). Nuclear densitometric findings showed that the DNA indices of all keratocyst cases were close to 1.0, and the cells were considered diploid. CONCLUSION: Increased cell density, a more ovoid nuclear shape and more variation in the size of basal layer cell nuclei in keratocysts were helpful in differentiating these lesions from other odontogenic cysts.

Cell Nucleus↗

PubMed2002

Magnesium pre-treatment reduces neuronal apoptosis in newborn rats in hypoxia-ischemia.

Hypoxic-ischemic brain damage has significant mortality and morbidity in newborns. Although the role of magnesium in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury related to N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors has been widely studied; the effects of magnesium on neuronal apoptosis have not been known exactly in hypoxia-ischemia. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of magnesium on neuronal apoptosis in the 7-day-old rat hypoxia-ischemia model. Seven-day-old rats were administered magnesium sulfate (group 1; n=9) or saline (group 2; n=9) intraperitoneally before hypoxia-ischemia. Additionally 18 seven-day-old rats were given magnesium sulfate (group 3; n=9) or saline (group 4; n=9) after hypoxic-ischemic insult. Neuronal apoptosis was investigated by the dUDP-biotin nick end-labeling (TUNEL) method following 3-day recovery in all subjects. In evaluating TUNEL-positive cells, we firstly calculated the areas (mm(2)) of brain regions, hippocampus, striatum, cortex, in right and left hemispheres in subjects by IMAGE analysis. The numerical density was calculated as the number of cells per square millimeter by counting all TUNEL-positive cells. Afterwards, the ratio of right side numeric density to sum of right and left side numeric densities (right Apoptosis Index) was calculated for every brain region in rats receiving magnesium and compared to vehicle groups. The right Apoptosis Index of the hippocampus in magnesium pre-treated rats (mean+/-S.D.; 36.6+/-22.1) was significantly lower than vehicle (61.0+/-16.0; P<0.05); whereas right apoptosis indices were not changed by magnesium pre-treatment in striatum and cortex. Additionally, magnesium sulfate administration following hypoxic-ischemic insult also had no effect on right apoptosis indices in all three brain regions. It is concluded that magnesium might have a role in preventing neuronal apoptosis due to neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury.

Animals↗

PubMed2002

Testicular (gonadal stromal) fibroma: case report and review of the literature.

A 25-year-old man presented with complaint of a painless enlargement in his left testis. The solid, encapsulated, circumscribed and grayish-white testicular mass displayed the characteristics of testicular fibroma histologically. It was composed of acellular collagenized plaques and hypercellular areas of fibroblastic spindle cells. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic cells were positive for vimentin and smooth muscle actin, but not for cytokeratin, S-100 protein, desmin, CD99/MIC2 (a protein expressed by Sertoli cells and granulosa cells) and CD34. Only 18 cases of testicular (gonadal stromal) fibroma composed exclusively of spindle cells have been reported to date. An additional case of fibroma, which lacks definite neoplastic sex cord elements, and its differential diagnosis from other mesenchymal lesions of testis are discussed here, together with other cases in the literature.

Actins↗

PubMed2002

Cerebellar aspergillosis: case report and literature review.

OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE: An unusual, but not unique, case of cerebellar aspergillosis associated with autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for breast cancer is presented. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: A 45-year-old woman with breast cancer underwent chemotherapy and radiotherapy as well as autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. She developed a cerebellar aspergillosis abscess that was treated successfully with two surgical resections. INTERVENTION: After removal of pus and the abscess wall, the patient received local application of amphotericin B (AmB). She received AmB 1 mg/kg/d for 3 months and itraconazole 100 mg/kg/d for 1 year. After 3 months of AmB treatment, magnetic resonance imaging revealed that disease had not recurred. CONCLUSION: In cases of central nervous system aspergillosis, to increase the therapeutic efficiency, AmB can also be applied to the abscess cavity. Computed tomographic and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging scans play an important role in establishing early diagnosis in high-risk, immunocompromised patients.

Amphotericin B↗

PubMed2002

DNA cytometry in pleomorphic adenomas with cytologic atypia.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the nuclear DNA content of pleomorphic adenomas with cytologic atypia. STUDY DESIGN: Analysis was performed on new, fuchsin-stained samples of 10 selected cases of pleomorphic adenoma with cytologic atypia. Morphometric analysis was done by a computer-assisted image cytometry system and consisted of the determination of DNA indices, Auer DNA histogram types, and 3c and 5c exceeding rates. RESULTS: Eight cases were diploid and two cases aneuploid according to the DNA index. The Auer histogram was type I in five cases and type III in the others. In the two aneuploid cases the 3c exceeding rate was > 10% and the 5c exceeding rate > 1%. CONCLUSION: Atypical cells in pleomorphic adenomas with cytologic atypia carry abnormal amounts of DNA. Image cytometry can make detecting very low numbers of aneuploid cells easier due to its higher resolution as compared to that of flow cytometry.

Adenoma, Pleomorphic↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Intraosseous lipoma of the fibula.

Intraosseous lipoma is a rare benign primary tumor of the bone. It has a wide distribution and may occur in the appendicular as well as the axial skeleton. The metaphysis of the long bones is the most frequently affected region. We report a case of intraosseous lipoma of the fibula with radiographic, gross, and microscopic features.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Subacute cholestatic hepatitis likely related to the use of senna for chronic constipation.

We report a case of senna-induced cholestatic hepatitis which was not diagnosed at presentation. A 77 year old male was referred with abdominal pain, jaundice and elevated transaminase levels. A diagnosis of extrahepatic cholestasis was first suspected, due to the observation of a duodenal diverticulum and dilated proximal choledocus. However, the sphincterotomy did not improve cholestasis. At further evaluation, HBsAg was positive but serological work up was compatible with a healthy-carrier status. Further interrogation of the patient revealed a history of chronic senna intake to treat a chronic constipation. Liver biopsy showed bridging hepatocellular necrosis as well as canalicular cholestasis. Drug withdrawal resulted in a slow and progressive reduction in bilirubin levels and liver enzymes. In this case senna was likely the cause of a subacute cholestatic hepatitis exemplifying again the potential role of herbal related liver injury.

Aged↗