Biomedical subjects

Benjamin Shalev

Publications and source records attributed to Benjamin Shalev.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2004

Intraocular pressure variations after diode laser photocoagulation for threshold retinopathy of prematurity.

PURPOSE: To investigate the intraocular pressure (IOP) variations occurring after indirect diode laser photocoagulation for threshold retinopathy of prematurity. DESIGN: Prospective, nonrandomized, comparative study. PARTICIPANTS: A study group-21 consecutive premature babies (42 eyes) undergoing diode laser photocoagulation for retinopathy of prematurity-and control groups-32 premature babies (64 eyes) undergoing retinal examination with or without scleral indentation. INTERVENTION: Intraocular pressure was measured with a portable electronic tonometer before, immediately after, and 1, 2, and 3 days after diode laser photocoagulation in the study group; before retinal examination in control group 1; and before and after retinal examination with scleral indentation in control group 2. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Intraocular pressure after diode laser photocoagulation for threshold retinopathy of prematurity. RESULTS: Mean IOP in the study group rose from 15 mmHg (standard deviation [SD] = 4.1) before coagulation to 33.2 mmHg (SD = 7.8; range, 20-50) immediately after, and then dropped to 22.2 (SD = 5.2), 16.5 (SD = 3), and 14.5 mmHg (SD = 2.1) 1, 2, and 3 days later, respectively. All the changes were statistically significant at P<0.0001, except for the difference between days 2 and 3 (P = 0.096). Mean baseline IOPs were 16.3 mmHg (SD = 3.7) in control group 1 and 15.7 mmHg (SD = 2.3) in control group 2 (P = 0.84 between control group 1 and study group, and P = 0.32 between control group 2 and the study group). At termination of the retinal examination with scleral indentation (control group 2), IOP measured 15.1 mmHg (SD = 2.2) (P = 0.49 compared with baseline). CONCLUSIONS: Intraocular pressure may be significantly elevated after diode laser photocoagulation for retinopathy of prematurity. The mechanism and long-term clinical implications of this observation should be investigated.

Female↗

PubMed2003

Presbyopia among normal individuals.

BACKGROUND: To define ocular variables that might affect the need for early use of reading glasses. METHODS: A retrospective, non-randomized clinical trial was conducted at an aero-medical center. The charts of 100 healthy male pilots who suffered from presbyopia were reviewed. All subjects had undergone a complete eye examination every year for 30 years. Ocular parameters measured at the ages of 20, 30, 40, 45, and 50 years were recorded. Individuals were divided into two groups: those who needed reading glasses at the age of 45 years or earlier (group 1) and those who had needed reading glasses after 45 years of age (group 2). RESULTS: Of all the ocular variables examined each year, two differed significantly between the two groups. Refraction at age 20 was 0.1+/- 0.3 D in group 1 and 0.0 +/- 0.3 D in group 2 ( P <0.05). Amplitude of accommodation at age 20 was 9.5 +/- 1.2 D in group 1 and 9.9 +/- 1.0 D in group 2 ( P <0.05). CONCLUSION: Hyperopia and low amplitude of accommodation at the age of 20 might predispose to early development of presbyopia in normal individuals.

Accommodation, Ocular↗

PubMed2002

Ocular manifestations of ataxia-telangiectasia.

PURPOSE: To report the manifestations of ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T) on the ocular sensory and motor systems. DESIGN: A prospective observational case series. METHODS: In a single tertiary care institition, a comprehensive ophthalmologic evaluation was made of patients with A-T as part of a systemic/neurologic evaluation. Sixty-three A-T patients between the ages of 2 and 28 years were examined. RESULTS: In 58 A-T patients whose visual acuity could be measured, best-corrected visual acuity in the better eye was 20/20 to 20/30 in 39 (67%), 20/40 to 20/50 in 17 (29%), and 20/60 to 20/80 in 2 (4%). The mean geometric visual acuity of the better eye was 20/31. Telangiectatic vessels were seen in the bulbar conjunctiva in 57 of 63 patients (91%) and on the skin of the face of 21 patients (33%). Twenty-four of 63 patients (38%) had strabismus. Esodeviations were the most common, seen in 15 individuals. Apraxia of horizontal gaze was observed in 19 of 63 patients (30%). Hypometric saccades were evident in 48 (76%), pursuit abnormalities in 43 (63%), and nystagmus in 18 (29%). Accommodation was deficient in the 54 patients in whom it was measured. No posterior segment vascular anomalies were detected. CONCLUSIONS: Visual acuity of 20/50 was present in 96% of the patients we examined. Telangiectatic vessels on the bulbar conjunctiva were seen in nearly every patient, though these are of no functional significance. Ocular motor abnormalities, especially strabismus, are a common finding in A-T. Poor accommodation and abnormal eye movements may lead to reading difficulty reported by patients with A-T.

Adolescent↗