Biomedical subjects

Bernardo Hochman

Publications and source records attributed to Bernardo Hochman.

10 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Vital dye is enough for inguinal sentinel lymph node biopsy in melanoma patients.

PURPOSE: The importance of gamma probe detection (GPD) combined with vital dye for sentinel node (SN) biopsy is well accepted. We evaluated the efficacy of patent blue dye (PBD) in identifying inguinal SN. METHODS: Ninety-four cutaneous melanoma patients with inferior extremity lesions were submitted to SNB according to a established protocol. Patients were randomized in two groups: Blue group, where SN was identified by PPD and Probe group, where SN was identified by GPD. The median age was 44.2 years and median Breslow thickness was 2.1 mm. Preoperative lymphoscintigraphy, lymphatic mapping with PBD and intra-operative GPD was performed on all patients. Histological examination of SN consisted of hematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemical staining. If micrometastases were present complete lymphadenectomy was performed. The SN was considered as identified by PBD if it was blue and identified by GPD if it demonstrated at least ten times greater radioactivity than background. RESULTS: It was explored 94 inguinal lymphatic basins, 145 SN were excised (70 guided primarily by blue dye and 75 guided primarily by probe). All SN identified by preoperative lymphoscintigraphy were excised. In the Blue group PPD identified all SN and all of them were hot. In the Probe group all SN were identified by probe and were blue. The coincidence of PPD and GPD was 100%. CONCLUSION: Patent blue dye is enough to identify superficial inguinal SN in cutaneous melanoma.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

[Research designs].

The purpose of this study is to analyze the classifications and concepts found in the literature regarding the research models on scientific studies commonly used in medical articles. This paper provides elements to facilitate the creation of a research model. It also helps the researcher to identify which is the research model of an article. This article will enable the reader of a scientific paper to have a more accurate sense of criticism of the Methods of a study.

Biomedical Research↗

PubMed2005

[Developing a study: initial strategy].

In this article the preparation of a scientific paper and its project are described. The possible reasons that lead to rejection of an article such as the proper focus of the chosen journal, its writing and mistakes in the grammar are considered. The initial steps of a scientific paper such as the choice of an idea, literature search, and the selection of related articles are described. After a group discussion about the purpose of the paper and its methods (brainstorm), the project is described and its items (Introduction, Objective, Methods, Protocol, References and Chronogram) are analyzed.

Biomedical Research↗

PubMed2005

[Photography in medical research].

Medical photography is an adequate scientific document when performed on a standard fashion. A proper photography is an important issue on a scientific publication. Plastic surgeons are experts in clinical photography and, frequently, an image is a more significant data than the written part of a paper. The purpose of this article is to describe the principles developed in this specialty. Basic photographic equipment used for clinical pictures is described. Standardized pictures determined by patient position and framing using anatomical references are reported. Using these rules it is possible to compare pre and post operative pictures. Topics such as intra operative pictures in endoscopic surgery, computer fotogrametry and in Experimental Surgery are also analyzed.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

[Experimental models in research].

The purpose of this study is to collect the main classifications of experimental research models and their possible applications in experimental research. Literature search was done using the most important data bank available on the internet (PUBMED, MEDLINE, SCIELO, LILACS, COCHRANE). A compilation of the experimental studies developed at the Plastic Surgery Post Graduate Program of the Federal University of São Paulo/Paulista School of Medicine was also done. Animals models were classified regarding sanitary and genotypical status. The understanding of the main classifications of the research experimental models is essential to improve and confirm procedures and techniques already described as well as the development of new ones.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

[Financing of the scientific publication and protection of the scientific knowledge].

The main purpose of a study is its publication on a scientific journal. Research financing agencies are important institutions so that studies can be developed and published. The most important research financing agencies that are discussed in this article are: "Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior" (CAPES), "Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico" (CNPq) and "Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo" (FAPESP). CAPES' activities can be grouped in four different strategy lines: a) it evaluates the stricto sensu, at the post-graduation level; b) it provides access and development of scientific research; c) it provides investment on the development of high qualified human resources in Brazil and abroad, and d) it promotes international scientific cooperation. Although CAPES does not support directly scientific publications, almost all actions of this agency contribute to the development of scientific research and publication. CNPq has two main purposes: financing researches and development of human resources. It provides the researchers with financial aid to scientific publication. The grants for editing were specifically created for supporting the national scientific and technical publications edited by Brazilians institutions or societies. CNPq can also support Congresses, Symposiums and similar short-term courses. The Plataforma Lattes is also a branch of CNPq on which the Curriculum Lattes is available. This site has the curriculum vitae of the scientific community and is of great value for researchers. FAPESP also finances journal publications, articles and books that bring up original results of studies made by researchers from the state of São Paulo. It finances, partially, the travel expenses of innovative papers authors in meetings within the country or abroad. Brazilian authors are increasing the number of international publications. Universities, research institutes, financing agencies and private companies are more and more concerned with knowledge property. Researchers must understand the need of knowledge property and the financing agencies have to consider the patents achieved as a criteria of evaluation of scientific production.

Biomedical Research↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A stratigraphic approach to the superficial musculoaponeurotic system and its anatomic correlation with the superficial fascia.

The superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS) is not included in the International Anatomic Terminology, although it is a fundamental anatomical structure in plastic surgeons. In the literature, the concept of the SMAS is not clear, leading to repercussions in the treatment of the SMAS via the various techniques for rhytidoplasty. This review article, in its aim to conceptualize the SMAS, has as a referential parameter the basic stratigraphic pattern of the human body construction. A systematic review of the literature was performed through Medline, ISI-Web of Science, and Lilacs databases as well as through classical treatises of anatomy for analyses of the stratigraphic principle of SMAS and its relationship to the fascia. In fact, SMAS, an anatomic entity, is part of this construction model. The stratigraphic approach followed in this article to describe the SMAS is novel in the literature and allows for a unified anatomic understanding of SMAS for the scientific community.

Adipose Tissue↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Keloid heterograft in the hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) cheek pouch, Brazil.

PURPOSE: To study the integration of keloid heterograft in hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) cheek pouch. METHODS: The sample is formed by 18 male hamsters, heterogenic ones, aged between 10 and 14 weeks. Keloid fragments were obtained from keloid scars of the breast region of adult female mulatto patient. Each hamster received keloid fragments into both of its pouches, in a total of 36 grafted fragments. Animals were distributed into 6 groups for having their grafts assessed in the days 5, 12, 21,42, 84, and 168. A macroscopic assessment is performed by comparing the pouch containing the grafted fragment, at each time point, with the same pouch in the immediate post surgical moment through a comparison of standardized photographs. Under microscope, the presence of blood vases is considered within the conjunctive tissue of the grafted fragment, as a criterion of its integration. Other events, as keratin secretion, the presence of cellular infiltrated, epithelium and keloid collagen fibers aspects are also analyzed. RESULTS: Macroscopy reveals intensive vascularization of the pouch up to 12 days from the transplantation and the presence of constant dark brown pigmentation on the grafted keloid fragments. In microscopy, the integration of keloid fragments is considered by the presence of blood capillary vases within conjunctive tissue. The presence of intensive cellular inflammatory type infiltrated up to 12 days is also observed, as well as the remaining of keloid epithelium up to 21 days, and the appearing of melanocytes from the day 42. CONCLUSION: Hamster cheek pouch represents, a priori, an experimental model for the investigation of keloid.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Experimental model for low level laser therapy on ischemic random skin flap in rats.

PURPOSE: To develop an experimental model to be used in the study of low level Laser therapy on viability of random skin flap in rats. METHODS: The sample was 24 Wistar-EPM rats. The random skin flap measured 10 x 4 cm and a plastic sheet was interposed between the flap and donor site. Group 1 (control) underwent sham irradiation with diode laser (830 nm). Group 2 was submitted to laser irradiation with diode laser (830 nm). The animals were submitted to Laser therapy with 36 J/cm(2) energy density (72 seconds) immediately after the surgery and on the four subsequent days. The probe was usually held in contact with the skin flap surface on a point at 2.5 cm cranial from the flap base. On the seventh postoperative day, the percentage of necrotic area was measured and calculated. RESULTS: Group 1 reached an average necrotic area of 48.86%, Group 2 - 23.14%. After the statistic analysis, compared with the control group, Group 2 showed a statistically significant increase in survival area (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: The experimental model proved to be reliable to be used in the study of effects of low level laser therapy in random skin flap in rats.

Analysis of Variance↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Standardization of the terminology of the academic medical centers and biomedical research centers, in the English language, for journal article sending].

PURPOSE: To suggest a standardization, in the English language, the formatting of the citation of the research centers. METHODS: From three more recent publications of the first 20 journals available in Brazilian Portal of Scientific Information - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), with bigger factor of impact during the year of 2004, according of information in ISI Web of Knowledge Journal Citation Reports database in biennium 2004-2005, had extracted the formats of citations of the research centers. An analogy to the institutional hierarchie step of the Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP) was carried out, and the formats most frequent, in the English language, had been adopted as standard to be suggested to cite the research centers for sending articles. RESULTS: In relation to the citation "Departamento", was standardized "Department of ..." (being "..." the name in English of the Department), to the citation "Programa de Pós-Graduação" "... Program", "Disciplina" "Division of ...", "Orgãos, Grupos e Associações" "... Group ", "Setor" "Section of...", "Centro" "Center for ...", "Unidade" "... Unit ", "Instituto" "Institute of ...", "Laboratório" "Laboratory of ..." and "Grupo" "Group of ...".

Academic Medical Centers↗