The DREAM trial.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Clinical Trials as Topic↗
Biomedical subjects
Bettina Rose
Publications and source records attributed to Bettina Rose.
Inflammation in metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes: Impact of dietary glucose.
Chronic overnutrition combined with a lack of exercise is the main cause for the rapidly increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity. It seems accepted that adipositis (macrophage infiltration and inflammation of adipose tissue in obesity) and systemic low grade inflammation affect the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Therefore, modern weight reduction programs additionally focus on strategies to attenuate the inflammation state. Exercise is one major factor, which contributes to the reduction of both the incidence of T2DM and inflammation, and the immunomodulatory effects of exercise are supported by similarly beneficial effects of dietary changes. In this context, glucose is the most extensively studied nutrient and current investigations focus on postprandial glucose-induced inflammation, one possible reason why hyperglycemia is detrimental. Indeed, glucose may modulate the mRNA expression and serum concentrations of immune parameters but these alterations rapidly normalize in normoglycemic subjects. In case of an impaired metabolic state, however, postprandial hyperglycemia increases magnitude and duration of systemic inflammatory responses, which probably promotes the development of T2DM and of cardiovascular disease.
Cytokines↗
Combined activation of innate and T cell immunity for recognizing immunomodulatory properties of therapeutic agents.
Complex syndromes such as atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes are disorders that are associated with inflammatory processes involving innate and adaptive immunity. Emerging knowledge about the pathological consequences of immune imbalances in a wide range of disease settings is expected to help to identify novel therapeutic targets. However, current test systems for immunomodulatory drugs tend to be too simplistic, as they rely only on cells of the innate- or the adaptive-immune system, or they are complex, in vivo models, which are not suitable for screening purposes. Using a modified mixed lymphocyte culture (MMLC) assay for combined analysis of innate and adaptive immunity, we show that this assay is very sensitive for the presence of low concentrations of immunomodulatory agents. Low-dose lipopolysaccharide stimulation of cells from two unrelated donors yields a strong cytokine response including interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-18, which induce interferon-gamma as a potential analysis parameter. As the MMLC assay is based on the mutual interaction of cells of the innate and adaptive immunity, it enables the monitoring of cytokine release under almost physiological conditions and might be of interest for the characterization of known and novel drugs concerning their immunomodulatory potency.
Adjuvants, Immunologic↗