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Biomedical subjects

Bin Luo

Publications and source records attributed to Bin Luo.

24 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Blockade of the CD40/CD154 pathway enhances T-cell-depleted allogeneic bone marrow engraftment under nonmyeloablative and irradiation-free conditioning therapy.

BACKGROUND: T-cell-depleted bone marrow transplantation (TDBMT) can prevent graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). However, depleting T cells from allogeneic bone marrow often results in failure of bone marrow engraftment under irradiation conditioning. It is not know whether donor T cells are essential for bone marrow engraftment and whether blocking the CD40/CD154 pathway promotes allogeneic TDBM engraftment under nonmyeloablative and irradiation-free fludarabine phosphate and cyclophosphamide conditioning therapy. METHODS: Using fully major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-matched mouse models, we investigated whether donor T cells are essential for bone marrow engraftment under fludarabine phosphate and cyclophosphamide conditioning therapy. We also determined whether the barrier of allogeneic TDBM could be overcome by blocking the CD40/CD154 pathway. Donor chimerism was detected by flow cytometric analysis. Donor-specific tolerance through establishing mixed chimerism was tested in vivo by skin transplantation and in vitro by mixed leukocyte reaction and enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay. RESULTS: Compared with unmodified bone marrow, TDBM resulted in poor engraftment when fully MHC-mismatched donors were used. However, anti-CD154 monoclonal antibody (mAb) treatment significantly enhanced donor TDBM engraftment. TDBM engraftment was also seen in CD154 knockout mice. A stable and high level of multilinage donor chimerism was achieved. Recovery of host CD3 T cells was suppressed, and recovery of donor CD3 T cells was promoted, after TDBMT and anti-CD154 mAb treatment. Donor chimerism was established by TDBMT induced donor-specific tolerance in vivo and in vitro. CONCLUSION: Donor T cells facilitate bone marrow engraftment under nonmyeloablative and irradiation-free conditioning therapy, and the blocking the CD40/CD154 pathway can replace donor T cells to promote TDBM engraftment.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Experimental study of a new operative procedure for nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy: overlapping cardiac volume reduction operation.

PURPOSE: To assess a newly devised procedure for cardiac volume reduction without resecting any cardiac muscle and evaluate its effectiveness in an experimental settings. METHODS: Ten beagle dogs underwent a rapid pacing leading to heart failure for 3 weeks and then underwent left ventricular reduction by a procedure called the overlapping cardiac volume reduction operation (OLCVR), which consisted of a longitudinal incision in the left ventricular (LV) free wall, sutures from the left margin to the septal wall, and the right margin to the LV free wall. A slope of the linear preload recruitable stroke work relationship ( M(w)), with an X-intercept ( V(o)) were calculated as precise indicators of the LV systolic function. The constant of isovolumic pressure decay (Tau) and the peak filling rate (PFR) were also calculated as indicators of the LV diastolic function. RESULTS: The LV end-diastolic dimensions significantly decreased by OLCVR (43 +/- 2 to 25 +/- 1 mm). Fractional shortening significantly improved by OLCVR (11% +/- 2% to 30% +/- 4%). M(w) (erg. cm(-3). 10(3)) also significantly improved (21 +/- 2 to 33 +/- 3 ( P < 0.001)), whereas V(o), Tau, and PFR did not show any significant changes. CONCLUSION: The OLCVR significantly increased the early LV systolic function without any detrimental effects on the diastolic function. This procedure may therefore be a useful therapeutic option for end-stage cardiomyopathy.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

[The role of urotensin II gene in the genetic susceptibility to type 2 diabetes in Chinese population].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between the polymorphism of site rs228648 in urotensin II gene and the genetic susceptibility to type 2 diabetes in Han people. METHODS: Genotyping was conducted to investigate the polymorphism of site rs228648 (G-A) in urotensin II gene among 166 unrelated type 2 diabetic subjects (case group 1), 87 probands from 87 families of type 2 diabetics (case group 2), and 121 non-diabetic normal controls (control group). RESULTS: 1) The frequency of "G" allele of site rs228648 was 62.3% and 75.3% in case group 1 and case group 2 respectively, significantly higher than that in the control group (50.4%, P = 0.004 and P < 0.001). 2) The frequency of G/G genotype of rs228648 was 35% and 53% in case group 1 and case group 2 respectively, significantly higher than that in the control group (24%, P < 0.05 and P < 0.01). The odds ratio was 1.86, P = 0.041 in the case group 1 and 4.03, P < 0.001 in the case control 2 after adjustment by sex, age and BMI. CONCLUSION: Urotensin II gene may contribute to the genetic susceptibility to type 2 diabetes in Han population.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Comparison of the effects of antidepressants on norepinephrine and serotonin concentrations in the rat frontal cortex: an in-vivo microdialysis study.

The present study employed in-vivo microdialysis techniques in the freely moving rat to systematically compare the neurochemical effects of various antidepressant agents on extracellular concentrations of norepinephrine (NE) and serotonin (5-HT) in the frontal cortex. We found that acute administration of the tricyclic antidepressant, desipramine (3-30 mg/kg, s.c.) and the dual serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, venlafaxine (3-30 mg/kg, s.c.), produced dose-dependent and robust increases in cortical NE concentrations (498% and 403%, respectively). Conversely, acute injection of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, fluoxetine (30 mg/kg, s.c.) and paroxetine (1-10 mg/kg, s.c.), did not alter forebrain NE concentrations. However, paroxetine did produce a significant increase in cortical NE concentrations (164%) when administered at 30 mg/kg. These changes in NE were not paralleled by 5-HT, which showed no increase following administration of desipramine, venlafaxine, paroxetine or fluoxetine. Combination treatment with the 5-HT1A receptor antagonist, WAY-100635 (0.3 mg/kg, s.c.), significantly enhanced extracellular 5-HT concentrations following venlafaxine (10 and 30 mg/kg), fluoxetine (30 mg/kg) and paroxetine (3-30 mg/kg). Alternatively, WAY-100635 produced no augmentation of the antidepressant-induced changes in extracellular NE. Collectively, these studies show that paroxetine, at low to intermediate doses, and fluoxetine are selective for 5-HT versus NE systems, whereas venlafaxine produces similar effects on both 5-HT and NE levels at the effective doses tested.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

[An appraisal of immunonutrition for clinical nutritional support with a systematic review of English and Chinese documents].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy, safty and economical values of immunonutrition for clinical nutritional support. METHODS: The following electronic databases were searched: Chinese Biomedicine database (CBM), MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and SCI. Data were extracted by two reviewers. RevMan 4.1 was applied for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Seventeen randomised trials comparing the use of immunonutrition which comprises nucleotides, omega-3 fatty acids and arginine with standard enteral nutrition in surgical, trauma/burn and critical illness patients. Combined analysis indicated that the use of immunonutrition decreased infectious events (pooled OR was 0.51, 95%CI [0.38, 0.67], P = 0.00001), length of hospitalization, and the cost. In sensitivity analysis for mortality, we found an increased tendency in immunonutrition (pooled OR was 1.94, 95%CI [1.05, 3.57], P = 0.03). Further sub-group analysis indicated that the effects of immunonutrition were various in different patient types. CONCLUSIONS: Immunonutrition is associated with decreasing of infectious rates, length of hospitalization and cost in selective operation patients. But current evidence can't affirm the role of immunonutrition on critical illness patients. Further studies are urgently needed to clarify the reliability of immunonutrition in this group.

Arginine↗