Incorporation of in vitro synthesized GPCR into a tethered artificial lipid membrane system.
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
Birgit Wiltschi
Publications and source records attributed to Birgit Wiltschi.
Binding of small mono- and oligomeric integrin ligands to membrane-embedded integrins monitored by surface plasmon-enhanced fluorescence spectroscopy.
We recently developed a binding assay format by incorporating native transmembrane receptors into artificial phospholipid bilayers on biosensor devices for surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy. By extending the method to surface plasmon-enhanced fluorescence spectroscopy (SPFS), sensitive recording of the association of even very small ligands is enabled. Herewith, we monitored binding of synthetic mono- and oligomeric RGD-based peptides and peptidomimetics to integrins alphavbeta3 and alphavbeta5, after having confirmed correct orientation and functionality of membrane-embedded integrins. We evaluated integrin binding of RGD multimers linked together via aminohexanoic acid (Ahx) spacers and showed that the dimer revealed higher binding activity than the tetramer, followed by the RGD monomers. The peptidomimetic was also found to be highly active with a slightly higher selectivity toward alphavbeta3. The different compounds were also evaluated in in vitro cell adhesion tests for their capacity to interfere with alphavbeta3-mediated cell attachment to vitronectin. We hereby demonstrated that the different RGD monomers were similarly effective; the RGD dimer and tetramer showed comparable IC50 values, which were, however, significantly higher than those of the monomers. Best cell detachment from vitronectin was achieved by the peptidomimetic. The novel SPFS-binding assay platform proves to be a suitable, reliable, and sensitive method to monitor the binding capacity of small ligands to native transmembrane receptors, here demonstrated for integrins.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
In vivo detection of membrane protein expression using surface plasmon enhanced fluorescence spectroscopy (SPFS).
Surface plasmon enhanced fluorescence spectroscopy (SPFS) was applied for the detection of expression and functional incorporation of integral membrane proteins into plasma membranes of living cells in real time. A vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) tagged mutant of photoreceptor bovine rhodopsin was generated for high level expression with the semliki forest virus (SFV) system. Adherent baby hamster kidney (BHK-21) cells were cultivated on fibronectin-coated gold surfaces and infected with genetically engineered virus driving the expression of rhodopsin. Using premixed fluorescently (Alexa Fluor 647) labeled anti-mouse secondary antibody and monoclonal anti-VSV primary antibody, expression of rhodopsin in BHK-21 cells was monitored by SPFS. Fluorescence enhancement by surface plasmons occurs exclusively in the close vicinity of the gold surface. Thus, only the Alexa Fluor 647 labeled antibodies binding to the VSV-tag at rhodopsin molecules exposed on the cell surface experienced fluorescence enhancement, whereas, unbound antibody molecules in the bulk solution were negligibly excited. With this novel technique, we successfully recorded an increase of fluorescence with proceeding rhodopsin expression. Thus, we were able to observe the incorporation of heterologously expressed rhodopsin in the plasma membrane of living cells in real time using a relatively simple and rapid method. We confirmed our results by comparison with conventional wide field fluorescence microscopy.
Animals↗
Sterol binding assay using surface plasmon fluorescence spectroscopy.
We describe the design of a novel in vitro assay to study the interaction of soluble proteins with small hydrophobic sterol ligands. The sterol molecules are incorporated in an artificial membrane system in order to mimic their arrangement found in a biomembrane. The artificial membrane setup is monitored in real time by surface plasmon spectroscopy. Binding of fluorescently labeled soluble protein is observed by optical detection with surface plasmon enhanced fluorescence spectroscopy. By application of the novel assay, we demonstrate that four different oxidized sterol molecules are specifically recognized by the yeast protein Osh5p, a presumed oxysterol binding protein. Osh5p from yeast is the first oxysterol binding protein homologue for which oxysterol binding is shown with this new technique. With the design of our novel in vitro oxysterol binding assay, we have solved the technically challenging difficulty of presenting hydrophobic ligands to hydrophilic proteins in aqueous media.
Ergosterol↗
Binding assays with artificial tethered membranes using surface plasmon resonance.
Surface sensitive optical techniques based on surface plasmon resonance have become interesting for biosciences in the context of biorecognition and binding studies at functional surfaces. We use surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy (SPS) in combination with surface plasmon enhanced fluorescence spectroscopy (SPFS) for the characterization of interaction processes associated with biomembranes. The biological membrane is mimicked by a tethered membrane consisting of a planar lipid bilayer attached to a gold surface via a hydrophilic anchor peptide. The interaction between membrane-bound hydrophobic compounds and free hydrophilic molecules is monitored in real-time and with high sensitivity and selectivity by combined SPS/SPFS. In this review we shortly discuss the principles of surface plasmon resonance and its utilization in SPS and SPFS. A detailed description of the required instrumentation for combined SPS and SPFS is presented. Furthermore, we outline the design of a binding assay with a tethered bilayer and the procedure of the artificial membrane system built-up is delineated. We also present examples that demonstrate the potential of combined SPS/SPFS assays with artificial tethered membranes. The method provides insight into the interaction of integral membrane proteins with various hydrophilic ligands and the specific recognition of small lipophilic molecules by soluble proteins.
Amino Acid Sequence↗