PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

Bobbie Berkowitz

Publications and source records attributed to Bobbie Berkowitz.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Increasing minority representation in the health professions.

Research indicates that health disparities may be reduced by increasing the number of ethnic minorities working in health occupations. Establishing health career pathway programs for immigrant and ethnic minority students is one way to address this problem. One such program, Cross-Cultural Education in Public Health (CCEPH), was developed, implemented, and evaluated to determine whether participants expressed greater interest in pursuing health care careers after program completion. A sample of 72 immigrant students in two high schools participated in the program, which was based on Bandura's theory of self-efficacy. Data were gathered using pre- and postprogram surveys that measured academic self-efficacy and career consideration. Results for academic efficacy were not statistically significant, but interest level in health care careers rose substantially. Although further research needs to be conducted to determine whether such programs increase self-efficacy, programs such as CCEPH can increase the consideration of health careers among immigrant and ethnic minority students.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Rural public health service delivery: promising new directions.

I describe variations in the structure and in the practice of rural public health and how rural communities meet the challenges of current public health practice, including primary methods of service delivery and partnership development. I present examples of promising models for the creation of rural public health capacity-the ability of local health departments to carry out core public health responsibilities.

Congresses as Topic↗
PubMed2002

Rural public health: policy and research opportunities.

Changes in the health care system, medicine, and technology as well as in the characteristics of rural communities raise issues that impact the responsiveness of the rural public health system to emerging threats to health. These issues, which are systemic in nature and primarily involve the infrastructure of public health, include the capacity of rural public health to manage population health, utilize information technology, monitor performance of the essential public health functions, develop leadership and the public health workforce, and promote the interaction and integration of public health and health care. This article provides an overview of policy and research implications, and it suggests that each of these issues contributes to the capacity of public health to effectively improve the outcomes of health in rural communities.

Delivery of Health Care, Integrated↗
PubMed2002

Public health nursing practice: aftermath of September 11, 2001.

America's experience on September 11, 2001, forms the backdrop of this review of the public health nursing role in bioterrorism preparedness. The risks and challenges to the public health infrastructure are reviewed in order to place bioterrorism preparedness in a public health context. A review of the literature provides background material on the extent to which public health has evolved in planning for a bioterrorism event. The skills and competencies that will prepare public health nurses in their planning for and response to threats of bioterrorism are addressed. Anthrax is used as an example to illustrate how public health nursing can assist in a bioterrorism response.

Anthrax↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Advancement of health disparities research: a conceptual approach.

Although nurse researchers have contributed in significant ways to the body of literature on health disparities, a broad framework and approach to health disparities is needed if we are to understand the complex interplay of variables that contribute to health disparities. This article reports on the work of the Center for the Advancement of Health Disparities Research and its development of a conceptual framework and method for approaching health disparities research and on a sample of nursing research consistent with this framework.

Community Health Planning↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Public health infrastructure system change: outcomes from the turning point initiative.

The Robert Wood Johnson and W.K. Kellogg Foundations created the Turning Point initiative to transform and strengthen the public health infrastructure. This study examined 135 public health system changes for their links to multiple sector collaborative engagement, essential public health services, health outcomes, and infrastructure building strategies. An on-line documentation system developed by the University of Kansas was used to record and analyze these linkages. The results showed that each state accomplished notable system changes; the majority involved more than one sector and primarily related to increasing local public health system capacity and organizational change.

Cooperative Behavior↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Collaborative partnerships at the state level: promoting systems changes in public health infrastructure.

Reforms in the public health infrastructure such as those called for in recent Institute of Medicine reports require stakeholder engagement on different levels than traditional grass-roots community work. The Turning Point Initiative, funded by The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, involves 21 state-wide partnerships established for systems change and focused in specific areas of public health innovation and policy development. These partnerships represent a different model of strategic alliances and relationship-building than has been previously described in the literature on community-level and health-promotion collaborations. This article utilizes qualitative data to illustrate the ways in which state-level partnerships for systems change both confirm and extend previous models. Findings indicate that state-level public health partnerships share many of the challenges and opportunities of locally-based and health-promotion-oriented partnerships. Collaboration at the state level, however, involves more attention to organizational alliances, coordination of institutional change, and strategic responses to political changes. These partnerships depend on a combination of interpersonal skills, material resources, and organizational savvy to manage complex planning and implementation processes. Influencing policy development and organizational redesign in public health systems requires nuanced understanding of the opportunities provided by various kinds of organizational partners.

Community Health Planning↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Public health finance: a conceptual framework.

In an attempt to stimulate development of public health finance as a field of practice, policy, and scholarship, this article proposes a working definition of the term "public health finance," embeds it in the context of the maturing literature on the public health system and its infrastructure, and proposes a four-part typology that spans both public-sector and private-sector contributions to the financing of prevention and health promotion. A developmental strategy for the field--in applied research, training and education, and performance standards--is outlined as well.

Financing, Government↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Turning Point's Legacy.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Community Health Planning↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Building sustainable public health systems change at the state level.

Reforming the public health infrastructure requires substantial system changes at the state level, including the reorganization of state agencies' plans, roles, and relationships with other sectors and communities. Beyond the limited time period of pilot programs and grants, how are these public health system changes to be sustained? Turning Point is an initiative of The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation to transform and strengthen the public health system. The 21 states participating in this initiative developed multisector partnerships to produce public health improvement plans and from these, chose one or more priorities for implementation. Reform efforts to strengthen the public health system occur within complex fiscal and political environments, however, and must cope with both uncertainty and turbulence in the process of implementing change. Turning Point state partners have developed a variety of approaches to the challenge of incorporating effective community collaborations as a permanent strategy for transforming public health systems. A qualitative, descriptive study design was used to analyze the strategies used by Turning Point state partnerships to meet the challenges of sustaining their system improvements. These strategies included: institutionalization within government, establishing "third sector" institutions, cultivating relationships with significant allies, and enhancing communication and visibility among multiple communities.

Community Health Planning↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Arching the flood: how to bridge the gap between nursing schools and hospitals.

A gap persists between what nurses can do and what they are employed to do, between the education nurses obtain and the work design of hospitals. Despite agonizing over standardization, current nursing education reflects the pluralistic nursing workforce, and nurses hold accountability for it. But nurses have not been proportionately or effectively involved in restructuring the hospital workplace. The result is that nurses are both overworked and underused. Fortunately, this gap may be bridged with a number of short- and long-term policy solutions.

Benchmarking↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The public health enterprise: examining our twenty-first-century policy challenges.

This paper examines the public health enterprise and its policy challenges in the twenty-first century. Among the many challenges public health faces, we include here collaboration across a broad range of stakeholders, the public health infrastructure, agreement on public health's essential services, preparedness, accountability and measurement, workforce, and a research agenda. Two Institute of Medicine reports on the future of public health have set the context for a more in-depth review of the public health workforce and infrastructure. Policy advocates must ask, however, why, if the way and the means are so clear, the public health system is still in disarray.

Community Health Planning↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Expanding American Nurses Association nursing quality indicators to community-based practices.

Continuing its commitment to patient care quality, the American Nurses Association appointed a committee in 1997 to expand nursing-sensitive quality indicators beyond acute care. This article is the final report describing the processes used to identify a core set of community-based quality indicators relevant to nurses across the care continuum and identifies next steps. The indicator categories are (a) change in symptom severity, (b) strength of the therapeutic alliance, (c) utilization of services, (d) client satisfaction, (e) risk reduction, (f) increase in protective factors, and (g) level of function/functional status. Potential indicators requiring further research and development are also described.

Clinical Nursing Research↗