Biomedical subjects

Bogdan Chazan

Publications and source records attributed to Bogdan Chazan.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2003

[Stillbirths as problem in perinatology].

Perinatal mortality is identified as one of the key maternal and child health indicators. Death of potentially viable fetuses (> or = 500 g body weight) are one of two elements of perinatal mortality. To reduce the number of these events, tragic for mothers and families, being also important for public health analyses, we must increase awareness among health professionals and the public. Education of clinicians regarding the importance of good quality and complete records is also of paramount importance. Clinical research on etiologic factors is necessary because it can help improve maternal health and intrauterine conditions for the foetuses and to prevent deaths.

Female↗

PubMed2003

[Four main reasons of maternal death in Poland between 1991-2000].

Maternal death during pregnancy, labour and puerperium constitutes the main problem of prenatal medicine and still a major public health topic. In this work we analyses maternal deaths in Poland between 1991-2000. There were 4,404,641 live births and 462 maternal deaths. Among them there were 402 direct ("true") maternal deaths with mortality rate 9.1 per 100,000 live births and 60 indirect maternal deaths (rate 1.4). There were 218 cases of pregnancy associated deaths (rate 4.9). The main causes of direct maternal deaths were as follows: haemorrhage--33.6% (rate 3.1), sepsis--27.3% (rate 2.5), amniotic fluid embolism--22.4% (rate 2.0) and pregnancy induced hypertension 16.7% (rate 1.5). Increasing maternal age is one of important risk factor for mortality. Over 30% of direct pregnancy related deaths were noted within women above 35 years. Unsatisfactory antenatal care, management deficiency and patient's neglect were main risk factor foe fatal outcome. Practical conclusions should be issued as general rules, instructions and recommendations. Between one third to one half of the maternal deaths are considered to have been preventable.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Low birth weight--can we manage this problem?].

Lowering the rate o low birth weight including prematurity is the main aim of preconception and prenatal care. In 2001 in comparison to 2000 the rate of reducing of perinatal mortality in Poland decreased. Unexpectedly the low birth weight rate increased. It is alarming finding. The preparation and implementation of locally modified prophylactic programmes is strongly needed.

Female↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Intraamniotic surfactant supply as RDS prevention].

The importance of steroids given antenatally to the mothers in prevention of the respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is unquestionable. Also intra tracheal surfactant application in newborn is proven method of prevention and treatment of RDS. However both options have some limitations and new methods useful in prevention of RDS are still needed. The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficiency and safety of the procedure of the intraamniotic surfactant supply as RDS prevention. Natural surfactant (Alveofact - Boehringer Ingelheim) has been given to 15 women at 24-32 weeks of pregnancy, two hours before expected childbirth (mainly cesarean section). To 8 of these women corticosteroids have been earlier administered. Just before surfactant injection amniotic liquid samples were taken to confirm lung immaturity and the patients were administered Aminophilline intravenously to provoke fetal breathing movements. Surfactant has been administered through the needle under direct ultrasound guidance into the amniotic cavity as close as possible to the fetal mouth and nose. Patients with the evidence of chorionamnionitis and fetal malformations were excluded from the study. No complications were observed during and after the procedure. None of the newborns had symptoms of severe asphyxia, the birth weight comprised between 670-1650 g (mean 1207). There was radiological evidence of RDS in two newborns and in 7 mechanical ventilation was needed. Of 15 newborns 13 survived (86.6%). There was no need for postpartum surfactant therapy in any case. Some authors expressed their view that this method is promising and further studies are desirable. In our study surfactant has been injected into the amniotic cavity shortly before childbirth, and Aminophilline has been administered intravenously in order to provoke fetal breathing movements before surfactant injection. The safety of the procedure was confirmed and the results of intraamniotic surfactant supply seems to be favourable to newborns. Small number of cases does not allow to draw any far-reaching conclusions. Still our preliminary results are encouraging and the study should be continued.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Pregnancy and travel].

The special problems of travel during pregnancy have become clinically important as more women are traveling to remote places for business or recreation. Many issues need to be considered in providing health advice to the pregnant traveler. Health practitioners should be able to assist in the careful medical preparations that will ensure the safety of the pregnant woman and fetus during travel. Journey may increase the risk of pregnancy complications because of inherent physiological changes or exposure to environmental hazards and infectious disease. Usually standard interventions are not recommended during pregnancy. In pregnancy, the maternal and fetal benefits of protection from disease and its complications must be carefully balanced against the small, often theoretical risk, of adverse effects following immunization. In some circumstances the best advice may be to postpone travel if effective preventive measures against disease cannot be undertaken and access to medical care is uncertain.

Aircraft↗