Biomedical subjects

Borja G Cosío

Publications and source records attributed to Borja G Cosío.

2 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2004

Histone acetylase and deacetylase activity in alveolar macrophages and blood mononocytes in asthma.

Histone acetylation status is a key factor in the regulation of inflammatory gene transcription. We investigated the activity of histone acetylases (HAT) and deacetylases (HDAC), and the effect of glucocorticoids in alveolar macrophages (AM) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from subjects with asthma. Bronchoalveolar lavage was performed in 10 patients with intermittent asthma, 8 with persistent asthma, and 10 healthy control subjects. PBMCs and granulocytes were isolated from six patients with mild and severe asthma, before and after a 7-day course of prednisolone (30 mg/day). AMs were isolated for HDAC assay or incubated with dexamethasone (1 microM). HAT activity was increased (1.43 +/- 0.1 vs. 1.01 +/- 0.1 standard units/10 microg, p < 0.05), and HDAC activity was reduced (3031 +/- 243 vs. 5004 +/- 164 arbitrary fluorescence units/10 microg, p < 0.001) in AMs of subjects with asthma compared with control subjects. Dexamethasone suppressed LPS-induced granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interleukin-8 release by 83 +/- 1%, 51 +/- 7% and 20 +/- 9% (p < 0.001), respectively. Similar effects were seen on nuclear factor-kappaB inhibition, and interleukin-8 release was further reduced by the HDAC enhancer, theophylline (37 +/- 6%). Prednisolone increased HDAC activity in PBMCs from subjects with mild asthma. The increased inflammatory response in asthma may be due to reduced HDAC and enhanced HAT activity. Glucocorticoids and theophylline may downregulate the inflammatory response by modulating HAT and HDAC activity, and nuclear factor-kappaB activation.

Acetyltransferases↗

PubMed2002

Endobronchial hamartoma.

OBJECTIVES: To describe clinical, endoscopic, radiographic, and follow-up characteristics of a series of patients in whom endobronchial hamartoma (EH) had been diagnosed. METHODS: Retrospective study of all cases of hamartoma diagnosed by bronchial biopsy between 1974 and 1997 in a tertiary referral hospital in Madrid, Spain. RESULTS: EH was diagnosed 47 patients during the study period. Four patients were excluded from the study because no clinical history was available. We analyzed the cases of 43 patients (37 men and 6 women), with a mean (+/- SD) age of 62 +/- 12 years. Seven patients had a concurrent lung neoplasm, and the EH was an incidental endoscopic finding. Among the other 36 patients, 31 had a new onset of respiratory symptoms, most commonly, recurrent respiratory infections in 16 patients (44%) and hemoptysis in a further 12 patients (33.4%). Chest radiograph findings were abnormal in 38 of 43 patients. At bronchoscopy, the lesions were equally distributed throughout the right and left lungs with no clear lobar predilection. Endobronchial obstruction was evident in 26 patients (72.2%) without concurrent neoplasm, 17 of whom underwent resection with a rigid bronchoscope and laser, with total resolution in 13 patients. Partial resolution was achieved in four patients, two of whom needed a second endoscopic procedure. Five patients were treated with open lung surgery. Clinical and endoscopic follow-up was performed in 23 patients at 1 to 73 months (mean, 17 months), and recurrence was found in 4 patients. CONCLUSION: EH frequently produces respiratory complaints and radiographic abnormalities. Patients with endobronchial obstructions had satisfactory responses to endoscopic therapy.

Adult↗