Biomedical subjects

Britt L Soderberg

Publications and source records attributed to Britt L Soderberg.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2003

Fatty acid ethyl esters. Ethanol metabolites that reflect ethanol intake.

Fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEEs) are nonoxidative ethanol metabolites that have been implicated as mediators of alcohol-induced organ damage. FAEEs are detectable in the blood after ethanol ingestion, and on that basis represent markers of ethanol intake. FAEEs have also been quantitated in human liver and adipose tissue and have been shown to be postmortem markers of premortem ethanol intake. A substantial difference in FAEE concentration was found in liver and adipose tissue of patients with detectable blood ethanol at the time of autopsy vs those with no detectable blood ethanol, who were either chronic alcoholics or social drinkers. Most currently available diagnostic markers for chronic alcoholism have limited clinical utility. Data in this report demonstrate that the amount or type of FAEEs can be used to differentiate a chronic alcoholic from an episodic heavy drinker (binage drinker) at or near peak blood ethanol concentrations and approximately 24 hours after discontinuation of ethanol. Thus, FAEEs are markers of ethanol intake in blood and tissues and can be useful in distinguishing chronic alcoholics from binge drinkers.

Alcoholic Intoxication↗

PubMed2002

Hypercoagulability test strategies in the protein C and protein S pathway.

The protein C-protein S pathway is critical in controlling normal clot formation to provide homeostasis between thrombosis and hemorrhage. Abnormalities have been described in which the pathway is altered because factor V cannot be degraded by activated protein C, producing activated protein C resistance. It has been known for nearly two decades that deficiencies in protein C and protein S can result in impaired inhibition of clot formation resulting in increased risk for thrombosis. This article describes the testing strategies associated with the diagnosis of activated protein C resistance, protein C deficiency, and protein S deficiency.

Algorithms↗

PubMed2002

Activated protein C resistance, the factor V Leiden mutation, and a laboratory testing algorithm.

OBJECTIVES: To present the current understanding of factor V Leiden and activated protein C resistance, and to propose a laboratory testing algorithm. DATA SOURCES: Publications on MEDLINE with the terms factor V Leiden or activated protein C resistance through mid 2001, as well as publications in the authors' files, were screened for inclusion in this report. STUDY SELECTION: Original studies that report a novel finding on testing or clinical features of activated protein C resistance or factor V Leiden are included. Data Extraction.-The novel or key findings from the selected studies are analyzed. DATA SYNTHESIS: Protein C and protein S are the integral components of an anticoagulation pathway that limits fibrinogen conversion to fibrin through the degradation of factors Va and VIIIa. When factor Va is resistant to degradation by activated protein C, this anticoagulation pathway does not operate properly, and patients have an increased risk for thrombosis. This report describes the protein C/protein S pathway, the significance of activated protein C resistance and the factor V Leiden mutation, and the clinical testing used to detect activated protein C resistance and the factor V Leiden mutation. A proposed laboratory testing algorithm is also provided. CONCLUSIONS: Factor V Leiden is a risk factor for venous thrombosis and it is particularly common in white populations. A laboratory testing algorithm is proposed.

Activated Protein C Resistance↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Fatty acid ethyl esters: recent observations.

Fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEE), esterification products of fatty acids and ethanol, have been shown to be mediators of ethanol-induced cell injury and their presence in the blood and tissues is a marker of ethanol intake. Recently, it has been shown that FAEE are produced within seconds of infusion of ethanol into the heart, when using a protocol similar to that used for myocardial ablation. This raises the possibility that the mechanism for the death of myocytes in cardiac ablation involves the generation of toxic FAEE. It has also been recently demonstrated that chronic alcoholics have a high concentration of a specific FAEE species--ethyl oleate. The use of the serum ethyl oleate concentration may be helpful in differentiating binge drinkers from chronic alcoholics.

Alcoholism↗