Biomedical subjects

Byung Chul Yoon

Publications and source records attributed to Byung Chul Yoon.

11 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

A population-based study on bowel habits in a Korean community: prevalence of functional constipation and self-reported constipation.

Most studies of bowel habits have been conducted in Western countries. This study was conducted to estimate the epidemiology of constipation and the discrepancy between self-reported constipation and bowel habits in Koreans. Telephone interviews regarding bowel habits were conducted with a total of 1029 individuals in Korea, 15 years of age or older. Subjects were given a questionnaire which asked about bowel symptoms, sociodemographic associations, laxative use, and physician visits. Of all subjects 95.6% had a defecation frequency of between three per week and three per day. The prevalence was 16.5% for self-reported constipation, 9.2% for functional constipation (FC), and 3.9% for constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-C). Of subjects' self-reporting constipation, proportions of FC and IBS-C were 21.8% and 23.5%, respectively. Of subjects excluding self-reported constipation, the proportion of FC was 6.8%. Prevalences of self-reported constipation and IBS-C were higher in females than in males (P < 0.001). Of subjects' self-reporting constipation, 8.2% used laxatives. We conclude that constipation is a common problem in the general Korean population.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2006

Prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome in Korea: population-based survey using the Rome II criteria.

BACKGROUND: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder in the West. But information on the prevalence of IBS in Asia is still lacking, especially in Korea. Therefore, the aims of the present study were to estimate the prevalence of IBS in the general population of Korea and also to investigate characteristics of IBS and health-care-seeking behavior of IBS patients. METHODS: Telephone interview survey was conducted by Gallup, Korea using a validated questionnaire based on the Rome II criteria. The response rate of the telephone interview survey was 25.2% (n = 1066, 535 male and 531 female responders). A random sample of gender and age (between 18 and 60 years), based on a per capita ratio was obtained. RESULTS: Among 1066 subjects, the prevalence of IBS was 6.6% (70 subjects; 7.1%, male; 6.0%, female). The difference in IBS prevalence by gender was not significant. The prevalence was higher among those in their 20s (P = 0.036). Among 70 subjects with IBS, 10/20 IBS subjects sought health care due to abdominal pain. Among the risk factors of IBS, marital status had a significant difference; the following risk factors are arranged in descending order: age (odds ratio [OR]: 1.38, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.85-2.25), alcohol intake (OR: 1.38, 95%CI: 0.81-2.35), gender (OR: 1.19, 95%CI: 0.73-1.94), demographics (OR: 1.09, 95%CI: 0.53-2.25), income (OR: 0.88, 95%CI: 0.54-1.45), education level (OR: 0.81, 95%CI: 0.46-1.40), smoking (OR: 0.64, 95%CI: 0.37-1.12), and marital status (OR: 0.59, 95%CI: 0.35-0.99). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of IBS in the Korean population is 6.6%, and the male:female ratio is similar. Also, IBS is more frequent in younger subjects. Irritable bowel syndrome subjects visited a physician mostly due to abdominal pain.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2006

[A case of the pancreatic duct change after a long-term pancreatic stenting in pancreas divisum and the fine structural analysis of occluded pancreatic polyethylene stent].

The pancreatic duct stenting is now recognized as the treatment option for a number of pancreatic disorders. Although the stent-induced ductal changes may result, there is little information regarding the frequency of these stent-induced changes in chronic pancreatitis. Pancreatic stents may occlude with time, but there is only little information available on the nature of the clogging process. Although a short-term efficacy of endoscopic pancreatic duct stenting has been proved, the long-term efficacy continues to be controversial. The aim of this study was to report a case of chronic pancreatitis with pancreatolith after the incidental long-term pancreatic stenting for 3 years due to a pancreas divisum with acute pancreatitis. Also, this study described the analysis of the ultrastructural changes in the surface of an occluded pancreatic stent. A scanning and transmission electron microscopy showed an amorphous protein matrix in whole stent that arranged as a network in some areas but arranged as the layers in other areas. A variable number of bacteria of mixed species, calcium carbonate or calcium oxalate crystal, round leukocyte were scattered in the protein matrix. The yeast and plant material were seen in some part of the stent as well.

Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde↗

PubMed2006

[Mucosal restitution].

The repair of superficially damaged intestinal epithelium is initiated by restitution. Restitution is the covering of damaged area by the movement of neighboring epithelial cells without cell proliferation. Phenotypic switching of cells (epithelial-mesenchymal transition) is necessary for the cell movement and this process is controlled by complex intracellular signaling pathways conducting dynamic remodeling of actin cytoskeleton. Restitution is regulated by a variety of cytokines and growth factors, and is modulated by integrin-dependent interactions with the extracellular matrix. Understanding the restitution process suggests several possible therapeutic strategies to enhance gastrointestinal wound healing.

Cell Movement↗

PubMed2006

[A case of optic neuritis associated with Crohn's disease].

In Crohn's disease, neurologic complications such as cerebrovascular accident, headache, peripheral neuropathy have been reported sporadically. The pathogenesis of these neurologic complications is still unknown and controversial. We experienced a 22-year-old man, with Crohn's disease accompanied by optic neuritis. Loss of visual acuity was developed during the worsening course of enterocutaneous fistula. After high dose steroid treatment, his visual acuity and neurologic symptoms improved immediately.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

[Obstructive jaundice due to biliary cast syndrome followed by orthotopic liver transplantation].

Biliary complication occurs in 6-34% of all liver transplant patients. Although bile leaks and strictures are relatively common, other biliary complications such as T-tube leak, choledocholithiasis, and biliary cast syndrome can also be observed. The biliary cast syndrome describes the presence of casts causing obstruction with its resultant sequelae of biliary infection, hepatocyte damage secondary to bile stasis and ductal damage, all contributing to cholangiopathy. Because the exact timing of cast formation after orthotopic liver transplantation is not consistent, it is difficult to define the true incidence of biliary cast syndrome without long-term follow-up data. Proposed etiological mechanisms include acute cellular rejection, prolongation of cold ischemic time, infection, biliary drainage tubes, and biliary obstruction. The diagnosis of biliary cast syndrome is usually confirmed by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. There have been few published articles about biliary casts in Korea. Herein, we report a case of biliary cast syndrome followed by orthotopic liver transplantation.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Bronchial hyperresponsiveness in irritable bowel syndrome.

Extraintestinal symptoms are often found in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Recent studies suggest that IBS is associated with bronchial hyperresponsiveness. But it is still arguable that the bronchial hyperresponsiveness is associated with IBS patients. The purpose of this study is to investigate the possible relationship between IBS and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Forty-two patients with IBS and 42 control subjects were included in this study. All patients underwent pulmonary function, methacholine challenge, and skin prick tests. There was no statistical difference between the two groups with respect to percentage of all pulmonary function test parameters, including FEV(1)%, FCV%, FVC/FEV(1), and FEF(25 - 75)%. Only two persons in the alternating-type IBS patient group and one person in the control group tested positive in the methacholine provocation test. But all PC(20) values were above 16 mg/ml. These results do not demonstrate a relationship between bronchial hyperresponsiveness and IBS. However, a relationship might exist in a subpopulation of IBS patients.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Cutaneous metastases of pancreatic carcinoma as a first clinical manifestation.

Cutaneous metastases from pancreatic adenocarcinomas are rare lesions. The most common site of cutaneous metastasis is the umbilicus, and this is also known as the 'Sister Mary Joseph' nodule. A 68-year-old Korean male, who was previously healthy and asymptomatic, was seen in the dermatology department for two subcutaneous nodules that he had on his right forearm and his back. Histological examination of the right foreman nodule revealed metastatic adenocarcinoma. Immunohistochemical staining for cytokeratin (CK) 7 and CK 19 were positive, and this strongly suggested the pancreatic duct as being the primary source of the cancer. The abdominal computed tomography findings were compatible with pancreatic cancer. Clinicians should be aware that metastatic cutaneous lesions could be the initial presenting sign for pancreatic cancer. The immunohistochemical staining for CK 7 and 19 may also be helpful in the diagnosis of metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed2005

[A clinical study of pyogenic liver abscess at two different local hospitals].

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Despite the improvement of personal and social hygiene, pyogenic liver abscess is still a common disease. We compared the incidence, infection route, underlying disease and major complications between two different local hospitals. METHODS: We reviewed the clinical data of 100 patients with pyogenic liver abscess who were treated at Seoul and Guri Hanyang University Hospital from 1999 to 2003. RESULTS: There were 64 males and 36 females in the study group; they were aged from 19 to 94 years with a mean of 56.5 years. Every year 19 to 23 pyogenic liver abscess patients were admitted to both hospitals. The most common organism isolated was Klebsiella pneumoniae in both local hospitals. In the Seoul hospital, diabetes (40.9%) was most common associated condition. In the Guri hospital, biliary tract disease or a history of hepatobiliary surgery (54.2%) was the most common associated condition. Catheter drainage and/or percutaneous needle aspiration were established as the standard treatment modality. CONCLUSIONS: In both regional hospitals, the incidence of pyogenic liver abscess did not decrease and Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most common organism. Diabetes and biliary tract disease, including, previous hepatobiliary surgery, were the most identifiable underlying disease.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Acute pancreatitis due to hypertriglyceridemia: report of 2 cases.

Hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) is a rare but well known cause of acute pancreatitis (AP), which can be a life- threatening complication if the degree of HTG is severe enough. It might be primary in origin or secondary to alcohol abuse, diabetes mellitus, pregnancy, or drugs. A serum triglyceride (TG) level of more than 1,000 to 2,000 mg/dL in patients with type I, IV, or V hyperlipidemia (Fredrickson's classification) is the identifiable risk factor. HTG-induced AP typically presents as an episode of AP or recurrent AP. The clinical course of HTG-induced AP is not different from other causes. Routine management of HTG-induced AP should be similar to other causes. A thorough family history of lipid abnormalities should be obtained, and an attempt to identify secondary causes should be made. The mainstay of treatment includes dietary restriction of fatty meal and lipid-lowering medications (mainly fibric acid derivatives). Although there are limited experiences with plasmapheresis, lipid apheresis, heparinization and insulin application, these can support the treatment of HTG- induced AP. We report two cases of HTG-induced AP which were successfully treated by plasmapheresis.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed2003

Analysis of CYP2E1 polymorphism for the determination of genetic susceptibility to gastric cancer in Koreans.

BACKGROUND: Interindividual genetic differences in susceptibility to chemical carcinogens are among the most important host factors in human cancer. The present study was undertaken to reveal the association between the polymorphism of CYP2E1 (CYP2E1/PstI and CYP2E1/DraI) with genetic susceptibility to gastric cancer development in Koreans. METHODS: In the present study, 120 gastric cancer patients and 145 controls with no history of tumors were analyzed. CYP2E1 was determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphisms (PCR-RFLP), or PCR and direct gel electrophoresis. RESULTS: The overall genotype distribution of CYP2E1 was not significantly different from that of controls. However, the genotype distribution of the patient subgroups with a history of heavy cigarette smoking (>30 pack/year) in the CYP2E1/PstI and CYP2E1/DraI polymorphisms were significantly different from those of non-smoking patients (P = 0.0122 and P = 0.0029, respectively). The difference was also noticeable in the younger patient subgroup (aged </=50 years) compared with normal controls (P = 0.0414) in the CYP2E1/PstI. The relative risk estimation for the combination of the CYP2E1/PstI and CYP2E1/DraI polymorphisms revealed that the odds ratio for individuals with homozygotes of rare alleles (c2/c2, C/C) was 5.6 (95% confidence interval = 0.9-39.1). CONCLUSIONS: : These results suggest the possible involvement of the CYP2E1 polymorphism in smoking-induced gastric cancer development in Koreans as one of the risk factors which increases genetic susceptibility.

Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1↗