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Biomedical subjects

C A Andrews

Publications and source records attributed to C A Andrews.

28 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Isolation of HTLV-III from cerebrospinal fluid and neural tissues of patients with neurologic syndromes related to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

We conducted virus-isolation studies on 56 specimens from the nervous system of 45 patients in order to determine whether human T-cell lymphotropic virus Type III (HTLV-III) is directly involved in the pathogenesis of the neurologic disorders frequently encountered in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and the AIDS-related complex. We recovered HTLV-III from at least one specimen from 24 of 33 patients with AIDS-related neurologic syndromes. In one patient, HTLV-III was isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid during acute aseptic meningitis associated with HTLV-III seroconversion. HTLV-III was also isolated from cerebrospinal fluid from six of seven patients with AIDS or its related complex and unexplained chronic meningitis. In addition, of 16 patients with AIDS-related dementia, 10 had positive cultures for HTLV-III in cerebrospinal fluid, brain tissue, or both. Furthermore, we cultured HTLV-III from the spinal cord of a patient with myelopathy and from the sural nerve of a patient with peripheral neuropathy. These findings suggest that HTLV-III is neurotropic, is capable of causing acute meningitis, is responsible for AIDS-related chronic meningitis and dementia, and may be the cause of the spinal-cord degeneration and peripheral neuropathy in AIDS and AIDS-related complex.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1985

Recombinant human interferon alfa-A suppresses HTLV-III replication in vitro.

Recombinant human interferon alfa-A (rIFN alpha A) had a dose-related suppressive effect on human T lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III) replication in vitro in normal peripheral-blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Both single-dose and multiple-dose regimens were inhibitory. Such inhibitory concentrations (4-1024 units/ml) were not toxic to PBMC in culture, and were within the ranges achievable in blood after injection. These studies suggest that clinical trials of rIFN alpha A in early HTLV-III infection are warranted.

Deltaretrovirus↗
PubMed1985

Monoclonal antibodies directed against preneoplastic and neoplastic murine mammary lesions.

We have produced a panel of monoclonal antibodies directed against a dimethylbenzanthracene-induced murine mammary tumor. Five rat-mouse hybridomas produced antibodies that bound to some murine mammary tumors, but not to normal renal adherent cells, lymphocytes, 3T3 fibroblasts, red blood cells, or mammary gland. One of these antibodies, designated AMT8, was selected for further evaluation based on its relatively strong reactivity, as determined by immunofluorescence. Indirect immunofluorescent studies on frozen histological tissue sections and quantitative immunofluorescent binding studies on cultured normal and tumor cells revealed that AMT8 was bound to certain murine mammary tumors and their preneoplastic hyperplastic nodules, but not to normal murine organs including normal mammary glands. Two tumors and their hyperplastic alveolar nodule counterparts that contained the antigen recognized by AMT8 did not express functional estrogen and progesterone receptors, indicating that antigen expression was not dependent on functional receptors. The antigen recognized did not cap, was found to modulate slowly, and was reexpressed in the presence of excess AMT8. From these findings, we conclude that AMT8 may prove to be a valuable tool for the study of early mammary tumorigenesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Serologic studies of papovavirus infections in pregnant women and renal transplant recipients.

Serologic studies were performed to determine if BKV and JCV are transmitted congenitally and to assess if the virus present in donor kidney contributes to virus activity in renal transplant recipients. Fourteen of 100 normal women showed antibody rise to BKV or JCV during pregnancy; in all instances, these were reactivation infections occurring in initially seropositive women. BKV-and JCV-specific antibodies of the IgM class were not detected in over 300 umbilical cord sera. Thus, there was no evidence of congenital transmission of BKV or JCV. BKV-seronegative renal transplant recipients who received kidneys from BKV-seropositive donors had a frequency of BKV infection which was about four times greater than that in BKV-seronegative recipients receiving kidneys from BKV-seronegative donors. These data suggest that BKV in donor kidney contributes to primary BKV infections in renal transplant recipients.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Modification of Drosophila cell surfaces by concanavalin A.

The effect of Con A on the surface morphology of cultured cells of Drosophila melanogaster growing on coverglasses was examined by scanning electron microscopy. With low lectin concentrations (5--10 microgram/ml) surface filaments disappeared and the cells flattened and spread against the glass surface. Cytoplasmic fusion bridges were observed in areas where cells made contact. Concentrations of Con A ranging between 50--500 microgram/ml caused cell shrinkage and surface distortions without cell flattening and filament loss. These morphologic effects were not apparent if Con A binding sites were blocked by preincubation with alpha-methyl-D-mannopyranoside before application to the cell cultures. However, once the Con A-mediated changes were in effect, the cells failed to show recovery when they were returned to growth medium and a majority of the cells on the coverglasses degenerated. Presumably the cells whose morphology appears unaffected by Con A treatment are the survivors that repopulate cultures returned to growth medium.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Drosophila cell fusion induced by wheat germ agglutinin.

The effects of wheat germ agglutinin on Drosophila embryonic cell lines growing on cover-glasses was examined by scanning electron microscopy. At low concentrations of the lectin (5-10 mug/ml), cells spread against the glass surface and fused to form syncytia. At high concentration, damage to the cell surface was evidenced as extensive membrane shrivelling and loss of surface microfilaments. Fusion also occurred under these conditions. There was some indication that the morphology of cells in division remains undisturbed by wheat germ agglutinin. The coalescence of cells and morphologic disotrtion induced by wheat germ agglutinin were not inhibited by N-acetylglucosamine, the hapten inhibitor of the lectin, under the conditions utilized in this study.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Enacting narrative pedagogy. The lived experiences of students and teachers.

Reforming nursing education to meet contemporary challenges in educational and clinical environments is needed through the development and implementation of new pedagogies. Nancy Diekelmann is advancing the science of nursing education by describing a new phenomenological pedagogy, Narrative Pedagogy, identified through interpretive research in nursing education. Narrative Pedagogy is an approach to reforming nursing education that is always site specific and not generalizable from school to school. However, the processes of Narrative Pedagogy are transferable and can be enacted in many contexts. This study describes the common experiences and shared meanings of teachers and students engaging in or enacting Narrative Pedagogy. Diekelmann gathered seven teachers and students in five schools of nursing in four midwestern states to share their experiences. Interpretive phenomenology was used to analyze the group interview. One of the findings identified during this analysis, Enacting Narrative Pedagogy, is explicated, and two themes, Decentering Skill Acquisition and Content and Attending to the Practices of Thinking, are described.

Education, Nursing↗