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Biomedical subjects

C A Bain

Publications and source records attributed to C A Bain.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

Self-care management for neuropathy in HIV disease.

Peripheral neuropathy is the most common neurological complication in HIV and is often associated with antiretroviral therapy. As part of a larger study on self-care for symptoms in HIV disease, this study analyzed the prevalence and characteristics of peripheral neuropathy in HIV disease, the self-care strategies, and sources of information for self-care utilized by the sample. A convenience sample of 422 respondents was recruited from an Internet web-based site developed by the University of California, San Francisco International HIV/AIDS Research Network and from five geographic data collection sites (Boston, New York City, San Francisco and Paterson in the USA, and Oslo, Norway). Results of the study indicated that respondents with peripheral neuropathy identified 77 self-care behaviours including complementary therapies, use of medications, exercise and rest and/or elevation of extremities. Sources of information included health care providers, informal networks and media sources.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Scottish consortium for development and education in dental primary care.

A national consortium for dental primary care in Scotland has been formed as a result of integrated planning by groups involved in managing and delivering postgraduate dental education in Scotland. In 1998 a partnership was formed with representatives from the Scottish Council for Postgraduate Medical and Dental Education (SCPMDE) and the three Scottish dental institutions at Dundee, Edinburgh and Glasgow Universities. The principal aim of the Consortium is to promote evidence-based dental care through postgraduate education and research. The activities of the Consortium will provide a broadly based adjunct to current postgraduate provision with partner institutions contributing in different ways. Since its inception the Consortium has focused on two main areas: 'Higher Training' for Primary Care. Scottish Dental Practice Based Research Network.

Dental Research↗
PubMed1998

An in vitro and in vivo evaluation of various implant-cleaning instruments.

OBJECTIVE: The surface roughness caused by four implant scalers (Premier/Hawe-Neos, Advanced Implant Technologies, Hu-Friedy, and Nobel Biocare) on a titanium abutment was assessed in a standardized in vitro situation, and operators were asked to evaluate the clinical usefulness of each instrument. METHOD AND MATERIALS: Twenty-four evaluators scored scanning electron micrographs of abutment surfaces scaled for 15 minutes with each instrument. Twelve operators used each instrument on at least three implant recall patients and scored each for ease of access; efficacy in deposit removal; overall convenience; distance reached subgingivally; scaling time per abutment; and overall preference. RESULTS: The Advanced Implant Technologies scaler created a significantly rougher surface than all other instruments. The Premier/Hawe-Neos and Advanced Implant Technologies instruments were significantly preferred in most categories by the operators. There was no statistically significant difference in scaling time per abutment. CONCLUSION: The Premier/Hawe-Neos instrument combines operator acceptance with less damage to the abutments, and, of the instruments tested, is the scaler of choice.

Dental Implants↗
PubMed1997

Customized emergence profile in the implant crown--a new technique.

As single-tooth replacement becomes an accepted part of daily practice, demands for optimum esthetics in implant-supported crowns increase. Most healing abutments and transfer copings are round and do not simulate the normal cross section of anterior teeth, resulting in unnatural sulcular form around implant abutments. This article presents a simple and economical method to develop and reproduce an optimum emergence profile in the implant crown using standard Nobelpharma components.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

The effects of spiramycin and/or scaling on advanced periodontitis in humans.

It has long been questioned whether antibiotics, used as a supplement to traditional therapy, provide any lasting benefit in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. This study was designed to evaluate Spiramycin as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in the treatment of advanced chronic periodontitis. In total, 193 patients with advanced periodontitis were recruited in seven centres using selection criteria previously described. After undergoing thorough scaling and root planing, all patients randomly received either Spiramycin, 1,500,000 international units, twice per day (IU, bid) for 14 days (96 patients), or a visually-identical placebo capsule (97 patients). The clinical parameters measured were plaque index, crevicular fluid level, probing depths, bleeding on probing and attachment level changes. Data was recorded at baseline, two-, eight-, 12- and 24-weeks visits. A total of 189 patients completed the study (96 placebo, 93 Spiramycin). Statistically significant differences in probing depth, favoring Spiramycin, were seen at two weeks (p < 0.0125), eight weeks (p < 0.0020), 12 weeks (p < 0.0032) and 24 weeks (p < 0.0075). Spiramycin also produced a significant improvement in attachment level at 12 weeks (p < 0.0146). All other clinical parameters showed no difference between drug and placebo. This study shows that Spiramycin, as an adjunct to thorough scaling and root planing, provides a statistically significant improvement in probing depths for up to 24 weeks when compared with scaling and root planing alone. Both longer studies and microbiologic evaluations are necessary to determine whether a more lasting benefit is possible.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

The association between the failure of dental implants and cigarette smoking.

This paper reviews the outcome of 2,194 Brånemark implants placed in 540 patients by one of the authors over a 6-year period. The overall failure rate of 5.92% is consistent with other studies; however, when patients were subdivided into smokers and nonsmokers, it was found that a significantly greater percentage of failures occurred in smokers (11.28%) than in nonsmokers (4.76%) (P < .001). These differences were significant for all areas except the posterior mandible. While failure rates decreased with increasing implant length, failure rates for each implant length were consistently higher in smokers than in nonsmokers. The possible mechanisms of failure in smokers are discussed, and a protocol for cessation of smoking around the time of surgery is proposed.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Custom stent fabrication for free gingival grafts around osseointegrated abutment fixtures.

The Branemark system of osseointegrated dental implants offers a viable treatment alternative for patients whose conventional prostheses have not been successful. However, the unkeratinized, loosely attached nature of the oral mucosa through which the fixtures may pass often presents a region of easy trauma. A free gingival graft of keratinized tissue from the hard palate can be substituted for these tissues. The success of the graft is dependent upon early healing and protection of the recipient site. This protection can be accomplished by fabrication and use of a custom acrylic resin tissue stent extended beyond the borders of the surgical site.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Smoking and implant failure--benefits of a smoking cessation protocol.

This prospective study reviews the early outcomes of 223 consecutive Brånemark implants placed in 78 patients by one operator. Patients were divided into three groups: nonsmokers (NS); smokers who followed a smoking cessation protocol (SQ); and smokers who continued to smoke (SNQ). There was a statistically significant difference between failure rates in the NS and SNQ groups (P < .005) and between the SQ and SNQ groups (P < .05), but none between the NS and SQ groups. It is concluded that the smoking cessation protocol described shows considerable promise in improving success rates for osseointegration in smokers who follow it.

Aged↗