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Biomedical subjects

C A Berglund

Publications and source records attributed to C A Berglund.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

The formation of professional and consumer solutions: ethics in the general practice setting.

A general practice research project on ethics is underway at the University of New South Wales, funded by GPEP (General Practice Evaluation Program, Commonwealth Department of Human Services and Health, GPEP 386). Ethical issues, as defined and explored by general practitioners and consumers, are being examined across four areas of Sydney. So far, telephone interviews have been conducted (64% response rate) with a random sample of general practitioners (GPs). Face-to-face interviews have been conducted with 107 consumers, randomly sampled using ABS collection district information. Focus groups have been formed to discuss acceptable solutions to GP and consumer identified ethical issues. This report will report on some preliminary findings to date and will explore professional and consumer roles in the formation of ethical solutions.

Bioethical Issues↗
PubMed1997

Bioethics: a balancing of concerns in context.

Ethics is a philosophical approach which is increasingly being used to identify acceptable behaviour in a health context. Bioethics has emerged as a term for ethics in health and medical contexts. Bioethics is about the application of reasoning to a health context. It relies on the people in each context to reflect on ethics concerns, and to make acceptable decisions on how to behave. This paper canvasses current concerns in bioethics, and demonstrates the essential features of context, and players in the context, in ethical discussion.

Altruism↗
PubMed1995

Children in medical research: Australian ethical standards.

This paper examines standards for the use of children as research participants in medical research which are relevant to Australia and relates the standards to pivotal ethical issues. The standards include the National Health and Medical Research Council's NHMRC Statement and Supplementary Notes, professional codes of ethics, international human rights conventions, United Kingdom and United States codes of ethics, and statute and case law. The key ethical issues of potential risk and benefit to the child, and consent to research participation are discussed. Suggestions for the improvement of the NHMRC Statement are made.

Australia↗
PubMed1995

Mandatory HIV testing of patients and professionals: bringing ethics into practice.

A contemporary health dilemma, that of mandatory HIV testing of patients and professionals, is used as a focus for an ethics class. Background material which is given to students is described and referenced. The interjection of ethical theory is described. The exercise has provided an effective focus for medical and health professional undergraduate and postgraduates. It combines contemporary material with ethical theory, and so brings ethics into practice for students.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1992

Do Australian researchers accept committee review and conduct ethical research?

We sought researchers' views on the ethics of research practice and the Australian system of review of research proposals by research ethics committees (RECs). Researchers were found to be supportive of review of research proposals, even though they thought that the process of review was time consuming and demanding. However, our findings suggest that not all researchers present their research proposals for review by committees, and that some researchers deviate from their approved proposals without seeking approval for those deviations from an REC. Researchers supported monitoring of research by RECs.

Advisory Committees↗
PubMed1990

Australian standards for privacy and confidentiality of health records in research: implications of the Commonwealth Privacy Act.

The current Australian legal, administrative and professional standards for individual rights to confidentiality and privacy of health records are examined and guidance is offered for the use of personal information in research. The implications of recently introduced privacy legislation for the conduct of research in Australia are discussed. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is cited as an example of the complex issues which face researchers and administrative bodies in balancing the privacy rights of individuals and the broader public interest.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1990

Reviewing the reviewers: a survey of institutional ethics committees in Australia.

Completed questionnaires were received from 89 (88%) of the 101 Australian institutions identified as having an ethics committee which reviewed research on human subjects. The majority (75%) of committees complied with national requirements to include a layman, a laywoman, a minister of religion, a lawyer and a medical graduate with research experience in their membership. On average, the committees considered 41 research protocols in the year from mid 1987 to mid 1988. The proposed projects were from the medical sciences, including health services and epidemiology research (80% of projects), and the behavioural and social sciences (20% of projects). Less than half the committees monitored research projects in progress as a general practice. Most of the monitoring that was conducted was based on a report from the researcher on the progress of the study. Although monitoring, frequency of meetings, selection of committee members, member involvement in the review of their own protocols and provisions for expedited review gave cause for concern, most committees were found to follow the national guide-lines.

Australia↗
PubMed1989

Guidelines for research practice in Australia: NHMRC Statement & Professional Codes.

The guidelines for research practice with human participants offered in the National Health and Medical Research Council's 'Statement on Human Experimentation and Supplementary Notes' and a number of professions' Codes of Ethics were examined in terms of the principles of beneficence, respect for persons and justice. Clear differences emerged between the Professional Codes and the NHMRC Statement, particularly in the areas of confidentiality, reporting of research results and further use of data. The question of whether the NHMRC Statement is sufficiently comprehensive to guide research in many fields is considered.

Animals↗