Biomedical subjects

C A Dodd

Publications and source records attributed to C A Dodd.

7 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1991

Revision total hip arthroplasty for aseptic failure. A review of 276 cases.

The results of 276 cemented revision total hip arthroplasties performed for aseptic failure between 1977 and 1986 have been reviewed. The mean time between revision and review was 75 months (range 30 to 144). Of 220 cases available for review, 159 were assessed clinically and radiographically, and 32 by postal questionnaire. Eighteen hips required further revision, 12 for loosening, two for sepsis, two for persistent pain, and one each for fracture and recurrent dislocation. A further six hips were radiologically and symptomatically loose. Pain was mild or absent in 83%. Over half were able to walk a mile or more; 70% flexed more than 70 degrees; 15% had a flexion deformity, but in only 7% was this more than 10 degrees. The mean Harris hip score was 74. Survival at five years was 95% and at 10 years, 77%.

Activities of Daily Living↗

PubMed1990

Total knee arthroplasty fixation. Comparison of the early results of paired cemented versus uncemented porous coated anatomic knee prostheses.

The results of 18 matched pairs of Porous Coated Anatomic knee prostheses were studied to compare the early clinical and functional performance of cemented versus uncemented fixation with an average five-year follow-up period for both. The knee score improved from a preoperative average of 35 points to a postoperative average of 90 points in the cemented group, and from 38 points to 93 points in the uncemented group. In particular, the individual pain scores and the range-of-motion values were well matched at the three-, six-, and 12-month follow-up visits and showed a steady improvement. Subjectively, all patients were pleased with the results of surgery; one-third preferred the cemented side, one-third preferred the uncemented side, and one-third found no difference in the performance of either knee. The clinical and functional performance of knee prostheses in patients who had one cemented knee and one uncemented knee were comparable and possibly unrelated to the type of fixation method.

Bone Cements↗

PubMed1989

Sliding hip screws: modes of failure.

The modes of failure of the sliding hip screw devices were investigated by reviewing 223 cases. There were 35 mechanical failures. Two of these occurred when the components separated in highly comminuted fractures. The use of the locking screw is recommended to prevent this. The other 33 occurred when the device had lost its sliding action. The reasons for this included jamming, insufficient slide being available and additional fixation. To reduce the complication rate it is recommended that any additional fixation (such as cerclage wires) should be used with care to ensure that they do not block the barrel. For patients with short femoral necks, a shorter barrelled version of the device should be used as it would have a greater sliding capacity. Guidelines for its use are given.

Bone Screws↗

PubMed1988

Allograft versus autograft bone in scoliosis surgery.

The results of a study of the use of autograft versus allograft bone in the surgery of idiopathic adolescent scoliosis are presented. Two groups of patients, matched for age, sex, level and angle of curve, received bone grafts, 20 patients having autogenous bone from the iliac crest and the other 20 having donor bone from a bone bank. Both groups had otherwise identical posterior fusions and Harrington instrumentation. There was no difference between the two groups in a blind, radiographic assessment of bone graft mass at six months, nor in maintenance of the curve correction over the same period. No major operative complications nor failures of instrumentation were encountered. There was, however, a marked reduction in operative time and blood loss in the patients receiving donor bone and also a much lower incidence of late symptoms relating to the operative sites. We conclude that, even in the presence of adequate iliac crest, the use of bank bone is superior for grafting in idiopathic scoliosis surgery.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1987

Triple dislocation in the upper limb.

A case of dislocation of the elbow and index finger PIP joints, in association with a fracture dislocation of the radiocarpal joint in the same limb, is presented. We found no previous reports of this combination of injuries. There were no neurovascular complications.

Adult↗

PubMed1986

Vertebral motion measured using biplanar radiography before and after Harrington rod removal for unstable thoracolumbar fractures of the spine.

The use of Harrington distraction rods for stabilization of fracture dislocation of the thoracolumbar spine is well established. For better initial stabilization and later return of flexibility we routinely use a long rod but fuse over a short segment and then remove the rods at 1 year. A biplanar radiographic technique was used to assess vertebral motion both before and after removal of Harrington rods in five patients. The investigation showed the rod acted to restrict movement and relieved loads on the spine that they spanned. Although all the patients regained considerable spinal flexibility once the rods were removed, none of the intervertebral joints measured could be considered solidly fused. However, the pattern of movement remained abnormal 6 months after rod removal with many intervertebral joints exhibiting lateral flexion and axial rotation during voluntary flexion extension. Despite this, a long rod/short fuse stabilization with routine rod removal after 1 year combines the initial advantage of operative stabilization and is shown to allow a return of spinal flexibility subsequently.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗

PubMed1985

Dissociation between emotional and endocrine responses preceding an academic examination in male medical students.

A study was made in 2 consecutive years of the emotional states and morning and afternoon serum levels of prolactin, cortisol and testosterone of male medical students during a 4- to 5-week period preceding a major university examination. 'Distress', 'anxiety' and, to a lesser degree, 'depression' increased during the 2 weeks immediately preceding the examination and were positively correlated with personality anxiety or neuroticism traits. Group means for hormones showed no consistent change over the same period. Neither was there evidence for a correlation between endocrine and emotional changes within individual students during the pre-examination period. A restricted study showed that there were significant increments in cortisol in samples taken during the examination itself. Changes in emotional state before an examination occurred in the absence of equally dramatic changes in levels of the three hormones studied, though this relationship may have altered during the examination itself. This suggests that the factors controlling the two categories of response may relate differently, in some way, to the imminence of this stressful event.

Adult↗