Biomedical subjects
C A Henderson
Publications and source records attributed to C A Henderson.
Comparative study of calcipotriol (MC 903) ointment and betamethasone 17-valerate ointment in patients with psoriasis vulgaris.
BACKGROUND: Topical vitamin D analogues have been reported to be an effective treatment in patients with psoriasis. Comparative studies with existing treatments are required. OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to compare the effectiveness of calcipotriol (50 micrograms/gm) and betamethasone 17-valerate (1 mg/gm) ointments twice daily in the treatment of stable plaque psoriasis. METHODS: This study was a randomized, double-blind comparison over 6 weeks in 409 patients. Efficacy, as measured by the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI), and safety were assessed at 2, 4, and 6 weeks. RESULTS: Reduction of PASI was statistically significant at all time points for both treatments but there were no significant between-treatment differences. At the completion of 6 weeks of treatment, the mean PASI reduction was 5.50 for calcipotriol and 5.32 for betamethasone (95% confidence interval [CI] -0.40 to 0.78). Analysis of patient assessment at 6 weeks showed clearance or marked improvement in 61.2% of the calcipotriol patients and 50.5% with betamethasone (95% CI 1.4 to 20.8). Calcipotriol produced significantly more local side effects (19.5% compared with 3.9%, p less than 0.001); however, these were minimal leading to withdrawal in only 3 of 205 patients. CONCLUSION: Calcipotriol ointment was as effective as betamethasone 17-valerate ointment as measured by the PASI and superior as measured by self-assessment in patients with stable plaque psoriasis. Both treatments were well tolerated.
Treatment of scabies in rural east Africa--a comparative study of two regimens.
Scabies is endemic in Africa where living conditions make synchronous treatment of every member of the large extended family impossible. An open study was designed to investigate the optimum treatment of school children in rural Tanzania. In one school where 34 children (7%) were infested, treatment with benzyl benzoate was distributed to the affected child and those sleeping in close proximity. In another school where 29 pupils (6.4%) were affected, the above treatment was given along with soap and some scabicidal ointment (6% sulphur) to be used on residually affected areas. Again, the treatment was given to those sleeping in proximity. One month later 46% were clear at the first school and a significantly higher proportion (69%) at the second. I conclude that inefficient application of scabicidal treatment and lack of washing contribute to scabies treatment failures. Synchronous treatment of small groups within the extended family can be effective.
Atenolol-induced pseudolymphoma.
The pseudolymphoma syndrome is a reversible reactive condition consisting of fever, lymphadenopathy and generalized rash. Initial cases were associated with anticonvulsants, although other drugs have now been implicated. We report on a case associated with atenolol.
Depression induced by etretinate.
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A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of topical I,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol in psoriasis.
In a double-blind trial of topical I,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol in 47 patients with psoriasis no benefit was shown compared with placebo.
Acute psoriasis associated with Lancefield Group C and Group G cutaneous streptococcal infections.
Involvement of Streptococcus pyogenes (beta haemolytic streptococcus, Lancefield Group A) infection, usually of the throat, in acute exacerbations of psoriasis is well known. We report here two cases of an acute psoriatic eruption associated in one patient with Group C streptococcal cellulitis and in another with Group G streptococcal intertrigo.
Perception of implicit relationships between personality traits by schizotypic college subjects: a pilot study.
The perception of trait relationships was measured in both schizotypic and control college subjects (N = 46) by use of a similarity rating method. Schizotypic and control subjects were selected on the basis of their scores on four scales of schizotypy: Physical Anhedonia, Perceptual Aberration, Intense Ambivalence, and Somatic Symptoms. Schizotypes as a group were more variable in their ratings of trait relationships than were controls. When each scale was considered separately, only perceptual aberrators as a group were as consistent in their ratings of trait relationships as control subjects. These findings support the hypothesis that schizotypes fail to share the semantic trait structure accepted by most normal subjects and may be a possible explanation for previous findings of social deficits in schizotypes.
Effect of dietary salt, arsenic and copper additions and waste management systems on selected microbial organisms in swine wastes.
Selected microbial organisms were counted in swine wastes during three studies in which the primary objective was to investigate the effects of feed additives and waste management systems on swine waste composition. Dietary salt (NaCl) levels (.2, .5%), dietary arsanilic acid levels (0, 100, 200 ppm), supplemental copper levels (0, 125, 250 ppm) and waste management systems (oxidation ditch, anaerobic deep pit, anaerobic lagoon) were compared in this series of studies. Dietary salt level did not affect total coliform and fecal streptococci concentrations in swine waste. Supplemental copper and arsanilic acid increased total coliform counts (dry matter basis) in anaerobic pit wastes over counts observed with the control. Salmonella spp concentrations were increased in the anaerobic pit waste at the end of the 104-day feeding trial, especially with the 250-ppm copper diet. Staphylococci spp organisms were not affected by supplemental copper. In all studies, concentrations of the microorganisms cultured were higher in freshly excreted waste than in waste stored and partially treated in the waste systems studies. Temperature, diultion and waste handling systems had some effects on microbial populations.
Effect of adriamycin on the metabolism of heart slices.
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Adriamycin and daunomycin generate reactive oxygen compounds in erythrocytes.
Adriamycin and daunomycin produce dose-related cardiac toxicity that may be related to oxygen radicals. Addition of these compounds to human erythrocyte suspensions resulted in stimulation of hexose monophosphate shunt activity that was markedly impaired in the absence of oxyhemoglobin. Evidence for generation of hydrogen peroxide by these compounds was provided by oxidation of reduced glutathione, by 14C-formate oxidation, and by the catalase-aminotriazole trapping technique. These experiments indicate that Adriamycin and daunomycin interact with oxyhemoglobin to generate reactive oxygen metabolites. A similar interaction with oxymyoglobin may occur in the heart and produce oxygen radicals that injure cardiac myocytes.
Characterization of anti-lymphocyte antibodies in inflammatory bowel disease.
Sera from patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) showing broad lymphocytotoxic or lymphocyte-binding activity were subjected to additional analysis to further characterize their properties. Lymphocytotoxins appear to be antibodies predominantly of IgM class as determined by [1] 2-mercaptoethanol sensitivity, [2] serum fractionation by sucrose density gradient sedimentation, Sephadex G-200 filtration, and DEAE ion exchange chromatography, and [3] absorption by anti-Ig immunoadsorbent columns. Lymphocyte-binding antibody was found to be IgG, IgA, and IgM, as determined by indirect immunofluorescent staining of acetone-fixed lymphocytes. Individual IBD sera showed marked variability in occurrence of cytotoxic and binding antibodies when tested against the same donor panel of lymphocytes. These studies emphasize the marked heterogeneity of anti-lymphocyte antibodies occurring in IBD.
Serum lymphocytotoxins in inflammatory bowel disease. Studies of frequency and specificity for lymphocyte subpopulations.
Serum cold-reactive lymphocytotoxin (LCT) was detected in twenty-two of fifty-six (40%) patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The frequency of LCT detection was similar in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Cytotoxicity testing against T or B cell-enriched peripheral blood lymphocytes from normal donors, together with absorption experiments, indicated that LCT in IBD was reactive against determinants on both cell subpopulations. Reactivity against T cells from patients with common variable immunodeficiency was significantly less than with normal donor T cells. LCT in IBD could not be related to prior allogeneic sensitization and its presence appeared to be unrelated to disease activity or drug therapy. No correlation was found between LCT and peripheral blood T- or B-cell numbers. The present findings suggest the need for further investigation of the role of infectious agents in the pathogenesis of IBD.
Ultrastructure and growth of human limb mesenchyme (HLM15) in vitro.
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Multiple leiomyomata presenting in a child.
We report a 2-year-old boy with a plaque on the upper arm composed of multiple 2- to 3-mm leiomyomata which developed at the age of 3 months and have been unchanged since. Immunohistologically there was positive staining for the muscle intermediate filament desmin. We discuss the unusual clinical presentation and possible prognosis.
Protective measures used by oncologic office nurses handling parenteral antineoplastic agents.
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