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Biomedical subjects

C A Klufio

Publications and source records attributed to C A Klufio.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Endocervical Chlamydia trachomatis infection in pregnancy: direct test and clinico-sociodemographic survey of pregnant patients at the Port Moresby General Hospital antenatal clinic to determine prevalence and risk markers.

The prevalence of endocervical C. trachomatis infection in 181 consecutive antenatal clinic patients at the first attendance and who had not received antibiotic therapy in the previous 4 weeks, was 17.7%. The direct fluorescent antibody test was used for diagnosis. There was no significant clinical or sociodemographic factor which distinguished patients who tested positive from those who tested negative.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Malaria in pregnancy.

In its booklet 'Tropical Diseases 1990' the World Health Organization (WHO) Division of Control of Tropical Diseases (CTD) said, "Malaria remains the most important of the tropical diseases--widespread throughout the tropics, but also occurring in many temperate regions". The size of the malarial scourge was estimated as: number of people infected 267 million; clinical cases 107 million/year; mortality 1-2 million/year; number of people at risk 2100 million. Immunity to malaria is reduced in pregnancy. This makes the disease particularly dangerous for pregnant women, especially for nulliparae. Malaria causes a significant portion of the large number of perinatal and maternal illnesses and deaths in the tropical countries. It is the leading cause of indirect obstetric deaths. Even so, it is impossible to measure its full impact in this respect. It may masquerade as anaemia. A maternal death may be attributed to obstetric haemorrhage, when in fact it was malarial anaemia which tipped the scales. Fortunately, the disease can be prevented through chemoprophylaxis and personal protection. This is one of the most rewarding functions of antenatal care.

Antimalarials↗
PubMed1992

Normal birthweight at Port Moresby General Hospital: a retrospective survey of normal term births to determine birthweight distribution.

A retrospective survey was carried out of term babies born to Papua New Guinean parents at the Port Moresby General Hospital. Only babies of known gestational age from uncomplicated pregnancies who were delivered after 37 and before 42 completed weeks were included in the study. The purpose of the study was to determine the birthweight distribution at term of uncomplicated pregnancies for Papua New Guineans at the Port Moresby General Hospital. The sources of the data were the patients' case records and the labour ward register. The Epi Info V5 (CDC and WHO) statistical software package was used for the analysis. 404 subjects were studied; 116 of these were nulliparae before the index delivery. For the whole study population some of the findings were as follows: mean birthweight 3251g, standard deviation 403.5, mode 3100g, median 3250g, 10th percentile 2713g, 90th percentile 3750g. Birthweight at 41-42 weeks was significantly greater than at 37-38 completed weeks. The height and parity of the mother and sex of the baby also had significant effects on birthweight but the latest birth interval had no significant influence. Babies of highland mothers were significantly heavier than babies of Papuan mothers.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1992

Antepartum haemorrhage at the Port Moresby General Hospital: a retrospective study of 130 consecutive cases.

In a retrospective study of 130 out of 141 consecutive cases of antepartum haemorrhage admitted to the Obstetrics Unit of the Port Moresby General Hospital in the three years 1987 to 1989, 33% had abruptio placentae, 48% had placenta praevia and in 19% the cause of the APH could not be determined. Delivery was by caesarean section in 56% of cases compared to a caesarean section rate of 3% for the total obstetric population. Stillbirth rates per 1000 total births were 223 for all the 130 cases, 81 for the praevia group, 488 for the abruptio group and 120 for the indeterminate group. The stillbirth rate for all deliveries in the hospital in the year 1989 was 21.5/1000.

Abruptio Placentae↗
PubMed1992

A comparison of unbooked mothers delivering at Port Moresby General Hospital with mothers seen antenatally: socioeconomic and reproductive characteristics.

It is well known that antenatal care improves perinatal and maternal outcomes. This is especially true for deprived communities and for the developing world, where women commonly have risk factors. At the Port Moresby General Hospital mothers who did not attend an antenatal clinic in the index pregnancy (unbooked mothers) form about 6% of all mothers delivered. These unbooked mothers have a perinatal death rate which is four times that of those who attended antenatal clinics before their delivery. A case-control survey was conducted of 136 unbooked mothers delivered at the Port Moresby General Hospital and 136 parity-matched control mothers who had been seen antenatally at least three times during their pregnancy. The purpose of the study was to find out if the cases and controls differed in their socioeconomic characteristics and in some selected aspects of their reproductive history. There was no significant difference between the groups in the following: marital status, and distance between present residence and nearest antenatal clinic. The groups were very significantly different in the following characteristics: age less than 20 years, social class, husband's education, and previous antenatal attendance in the penultimate pregnancy. The difference in patient's education was only just significant.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Hepatitis B surface and e antigen seropositivity in mothers and cord blood at Port Moresby General Hospital: implications for a control program.

Analysis of 100 unselected paired maternal and cord blood samples showed 11 mothers to be HBsAg positive and 6 of these to be also HBeAg positive. 5 cord blood samples were HBsAg positive and 3 were HBeAg positive. Assuming a protective efficacy rate of 75%, the present plasma-derived hepatitis B virus vaccine control program is likely to prevent the perinatal acquisition of the hepatitis B virus carrier state in 27 per 1000 children. The addition of immunoglobulin prophylaxis would be likely to reduce this by another 5 per 1000, but its use does not appear practicable at the present time.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Breech presentation and delivery.

What constitutes proper management for the singleton baby who presents by the breech at term has remained one of the most contentious subjects in obstetric practice. Perinatal morbidity and mortality are much higher in breech than in cephalic presentation. Elective caesarean section has been increasingly used in an attempt to improve the perinatal outcome. But caesarean section has immediate and late maternal complications. Some of these complications can be catastrophic. External cephalic version (ECV) at term, under tocolysis if necessary, will reduce the incidence of vaginal breech delivery and the incidence of caesarean section. Where ECV fails, the use of a selective management protocol will allow trial of breech labour in suitable cases, thus further reducing the incidence of elective section. Symphysiotomy may save the life of the baby whose head is trapped by disproportion.

Breech Presentation↗
PubMed1985

Genital infections with Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae in Ghanaian women.

Women who attended the gynaecology clinic or were admitted to the postpartum ward of Korle Bu Hospital, Accra, Ghana were tested for infection with Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Eight (4.9%) of 162 gynaecological patients were infected with C trachomatis and five (3.1%) with N gonorrhoeae, and respective prevalences among 148 postpartum women were 7.7% (3/39) and 3.4% (5/148). Among 40 gynaecological patients who were not pregnant and whose principal complaint was of lower abdominal pain, 4 (10%) were infected with C trachomatis and none with N gonorrhoeae. Antibodies against serovars D, E, F, and G were common, and three typable isolates were serovar G. C trachomatis would appear to be more common than N gonorrhoeae in obstetric and gynaecological patients in Ghana.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1975

Tubal pregnancy: a review of 404 cases.

In the two years - 1st January, 1973 to 31st December, 1974 - 533 patients had operation for tubal pregnancy at the Gynaecology Unit of the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital. About five cases per week were seen during this period. The incidence was 44 for every thousand deliveries at the Hospital. The case notes of 404 of the 533 patients have been reviewed. The age range was 15 to 44 years; 78% were in the 21 to 35 years age group. 81.4% had had pregnancies which went beyond 28 weeks. Only 13.7% had never had an intrauterine pregnancy. Tubal pregnancy is therefore not a disease of the primarily infertile as is commonly thought. There was no significant difference between the incidence on the right side and the incidence on the left side. The ampulla was the commonest site of implantation in the tube (45%). Tubal rupture (89.6%) was commoner than tubal abortion (10.4%). The principal signs and symptoms were abdominal pain, amenorrhoea, abdominal tenderness, abdominal distension, and signs of free fluid in the abdomen, syncope, anomalous vaginal bleeding, pallor and vomiting. The absence of amenorrhoea does not rule out the possibility of an ectopic. On pelvic examination the major signs were tenderness in a fornix and cervical excitation pain. Abdominal paracentesis and culdocentesis if positive are useful in diagnosis; negative results prove nothing. Laparascopy is of great value and should be employed in the difficult case. Beware of the patient in the reproductive age with anomalous vaginal bleeding, vague abdominal pains, syncopic attacks and anaemia. The mortality rate in the series was 0.7%.

Adolescent↗