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Biomedical subjects

C A Mattioli

Publications and source records attributed to C A Mattioli.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Membranous glomerulonephritis in diabetic patients: a study of 15 cases and review of the literature.

Glomerular diseases other than diabetic glomerulosclerosis (DGS) occurring in diabetic patients may pose a diagnostic challenge to both clinicians and pathologists. We studied 15 cases of membranous glomerulonephritis (MG) in patients with diabetes mellitus focusing on the morphologic changes of the kidney. Light microscopic observation revealed nodular and/or diffuse DGS in 12 cases and no DGS in three. Periodic acid-silver methenamine stain showed spikes or chain-like structures in the glomerular capillary wall in 13 cases, indicating the presence of MG. Ultrastructurally, MG was classified into Stage I (N = 2), II (N = 8), III (N = 4), or IV (N = 1). Six out of nine cases with Stages I and II MG showed a thickened lamina densa of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM), suggesting diabetic influence on the GBM. Moreover, MG in some of the cases suggested atypical ultrastructural features including (a) the presence of large immune type deposits separated by tall spikes (N = 4), (b) high electron density of deposits in spite of their intramembranous location (N = 4), and (c) the presence of immune type deposits of mesangial (N = 3) and subendothelial (N = 2) locations. It is postulated that these atypical features are caused by altered turnover of the GBM, impaired glomerular clearance of immune complexes, changes of the glomerular capillary wall as the result of hemodynamic alterations, and/or nonenzymatic glycosylation in diabetic milieu.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Effect of triglyceride levels on methyl and methylene envelope line widths in proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of human plasma.

Recent studies have described a relation between the line widths of the methyl and methylene resonance envelopes in the proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of human plasma and the occurrence of cancer. An average line width of less than 33 Hz has been reported to correlate with the presence of cancer, whereas greater line widths have not. In 26 normal volunteers, we found a significant inverse correlation between fasting triglyceride level and plasma spectral line width. We also observed that dietary lipids have measurable effects on spectral line widths. In another sample of seven normal persons (three of whom had elevated plasma triglyceride levels), the line widths of whole plasma varied widely (mean, 35.6 +/- 8.8 Hz); however, the mean line widths of the lipoprotein fractions isolated from those samples differed greatly, but the variance within each fraction was small (very-low-density lipoprotein, 22.0 +/- 1.9 Hz; low-density lipoprotein, 35.0 +/- 2.8; high-density lipoprotein, 28.8 +/- 1.9). The results of this study indicate that the plasma triglyceride level has a profound effect on the average spectral line width of plasma. This effect can be explained by the relative amounts of lipoprotein fractions in whole plasma. Plasma triglyceride concentrations of more than 1.24 mmol per liter (greater than 110 mg per deciliter), whatever the source, produce average plasma methyl and methylene line widths of less than 33 Hz.

Humans↗
PubMed1988

Glycoconjugates in normal human kidney. A histochemical study using 13 biotinylated lectins.

The avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex technique was used with 13 lectins to study the glycoconjugates of normal human renal tissue. The evaluated lectins included Triticum vulgaris (WGA), Concanavalin ensiformis (ConA), Phaseolus vulgaris leukoagglutinin and erythroagglutinin (PHA-L and PHA-E), Lens culinaris (LCA), Pisum sativum (PSA), Dolichos biflorus (DBA), Glycine max (SBA), Arachis hypogaea (PNA), Sophora japonica (SJA), Bandeiraea simplicifolia I (BSL-I), Ulex europaeus I (UEA-I) and Ricinus communis I (RCA-I). Characteristic and reproducible staining patterns were observed. WGA and ConA stained all tubules; PHA-L, PHA-E, LCA, PSA stained predominantly proximal tubules; DBA, SBA, PNA, SJA and BSL-I stained predominantly distal portions of nephrons. In glomeruli, WGA and PHA-L stained predominantly visceral epithelial cells; ConA stained predominantly basement membranes and UEA-I stained exclusively endothelial cells. UEA-I also stained endothelial cells of other blood vessels and medullary collecting ducts. Sialidase treatment before staining caused marked changes of the binding patterns of several lectins including a focal loss of glomerular and tubular staining by WGA; an acquired staining of endothelium by PNA and SBA; and of glomeruli by PNA, SBA, PHA-E, LCA, PSA and RCA-I. The known saccharide specificities and binding patterns of the lectins employed in this study allowed some conclusions about the nature and the distribution of the sugar residues in the oligosaccharide chains of renal glycoconjugates. The technique used in this report may be applicable to other studies such as evaluation of normal renal maturation, classification of renal cysts and pathogenesis of nephrotic syndrome. The observations herein reported may serve as a reference for these studies.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis in Takayasu's arteritis.

The occurrence of glomerulonephritis (GN) in patients with Takayasu's arteritis (TA) is rare. We describe a 28-year-old man with TA who presented with mesangial proliferative GN and subsequently developed membranoproliferative GN with nephrotic syndrome and deterioration of the renal function. The former is the most common type of GN complicating TA, while the latter has not been adequately reported in association with this disease. Although the mechanisms for the initiation and progression of these glomerular injuries are not clear, the present case suggests that a wider spectrum of GN can be seen in patients with TA and that cases of TA with urinary abnormalities should be followed carefully.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Immunohistochemical diagnosis of pulmonary eosinophilic granuloma on lung biopsy.

S-100 protein immunostaining has been advocated to identify the characteristic Langerhans' cells in the histologic diagnosis of PEG. Reliable demonstration of an increased number of Langerhans' cells is essential in difficult biopsy cases, since occasional Langerhans' cells can be found in other pulmonary lesions. We examined the S-100 protein labeling pattern in three cases of PEG and in a variety of controls. Non-Langerhans' histiocytes were labeled for lysozyme antigen on the same histologic sections using a combined ABC and PAP technique. This verified that the S-100 protein-negative histiocytes were indeed a separate population from the S-100 protein-positive histiocytes and did not represent Langerhans' cells which failed to label with antiserum to S-100 protein. This technique confirms the usefulness of S-100 protein staining in the diagnosis of PEG and offers a means to verify the reliability of the S-100 protein labeling in questionable cases.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1988

Differences in lectin binding of malignant pleural mesothelioma and adenocarcinoma of the lung.

In order to differentiate between malignant pleural mesothelioma and adenocarcinoma of the lung, the glycoconjugate profiles of 6 reactive mesothelial lesions, 23 mesotheliomas (17 epithelial, 1 desmoplastic, 2 biphasic, and 3 fibrous types), and 28 well-differentiated pulmonary adenocarcinomas were evaluated with the use of 8 lectins in addition to anti-carcinoembryonic, anti-keratin and anti-epithelial membrane antigen. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues were stained with the avidin-biotin peroxidase complex method. Reactions of wheat germ (WGA) and peanut (PNA) agglutinin with neuraminidase treatment lectins were positive in 5 of 6 (83%) and 3 of 6 (50%) cases, respectively, in reactive mesothelial lesions. Thirteen of 23 (57%) malignant mesotheliomas of the pleura showed a positive reaction for WGA and PNA with neuraminidase treatment; other lectins were low-positive, below 9%. In contrast, pulmonary adenocarcinomas showed positive reactions in 27 of 28 cases (96%) for PNA, 26 of 28 (93%) for Ricinus communis (RCA-I), 25 of 28 (89%) for WGA, and 22 of 28 (79%) for succinylated WGA (SucWGA). The findings suggest that malignant pleural mesothelioma and pulmonary adenocarcinoma have consistent and distinct glycoconjugate profiles, and that stains for RCA-I and SucWGA may be useful for differential diagnosis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Histological and ultrastructural changes in breast adenocarcinoma after treatment with plasma perfused over immobilized protein A.

Administration of plasma perfused over Protein A immobilized in collodion-charcoal produced focal acute tumor necrolytic reactions in breast adenocarcinomas. With repeated procedures, objective tumor regressions were observed in four of the first five consecutive patients treated. Within 4 to 48 hr after treatments, tumors became hyperemic and edematous, often with the appearance of focal vesicles. Microscopic and ultrastructural evaluation demonstrated a spectrum of lesions in cytoplasm and nucleus of tumor cells indicative of lethal and sublethal changes. With further treatments, more pronounced degenerative changes in individual tumor cells, tumor nodules, and intervening stroma were apparent. Furthermore, increased luminal and abluminal vesiculation of endothelial cells of postcapillary venules adjacent to tumor nodules was noted. With continued treatments at intervals of 2 to 3 days, some tumor sites showed focal mononuclear cell infiltration, and at the conclusion of plasma perfusion treatments previously ulcerated tumor foci were replaced by granulation tissue. These data suggest that several cytotoxic and inflammatory mechanisms are activated simultaneously or in succession and may account for the tumoricidal effects noted following repeated plasma perfusions.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1982

Lack of correlation of a histochemical method for estrogen receptors analysis with the biochemical assay results.

Forty-nine specimens of carcinoma of the breast were analyzed for estrogen receptor content using the sucrose gradient method and a histochemical method using a conjugate of estradiol (6-BSA-Fluor-CMO-17 beta-estradiol). The specimens analyzed by the histochemical method were graded for fluorescent intensity, percentage of cells fluorescing, and cellularity. Only 53.1% (26/49) of the specimens were classified into the same three categories (positive, negative and ambiguous) as classified by the biochemical assay. If the negative and ambiguous categories were combined, the degree of correspondence rose to only 63.3% (31/49). Because the classification scheme was arbitrary and because the results of the biochemical assay might be correlated with one or more factors, univariate and multivariate analyses were used to examine the data for any underlying relationships. Only the age of the patient was significantly correlated with the results of the biochemical assay. Importantly, neither the percentage of cells fluorescing nor the fluorescent intensity was correlated with the results of the biochemical assay. Terms to account for various interactions of parameters did not enhance the association with the biochemical results. While this histochemical assay may eventually prove to be effective in selecting patients for endocrine therapy, it does not seem to be a substitute for the standard biochemical assay for estrogen receptors presently used.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Irreversible renal failure following vesicoureteral reflux.

Antireflux surgery was performed in five patients with vesicoureteral reflux at a time when renal insufficiency was present. Notable proteinuria was present in four of the patients, and a kidney biopsy specimen showed glomerular lesions in one. Despite the eradication of reflux and of infection, all five patients continued to have progressive renal insufficiency culminating in renal failure. Vesicoureteral reflux nephropathy may include a glomerulopathy leading to progressive glomerular sclerosis. Antireflux surgery would not alter this ongoing process and therefore would not halt progressive renal failure.

Adult↗
PubMed1973

The life span of IgA plasma cells from the mouse intestine.

Tritiated thymidine was injected during the neonatal period into conventional CBA mice. The disappearance rate of tritium-labeled IgA plasma cells was followed by a technique combining immunofluorescence with autoradiography which permitted the identification of the immunoglobulin class of plasma cells with labeled nuclei. In this way, it was possible to calculate that the major population of intestinal IgA plasma cells have a half-life of 4.7 days under physiological conditions of stimulation. It was also found that the maximum life span of both intestinal IgA plasma cells and the IgA, IgG, and IgM plasma cells from the spleen is of the order of 7-8 wk.

Animals↗
PubMed1973

Production of a runting syndrome and selective A deficiency in mice by the administration of anti-heavy chain antisera.

Conventional Swiss mice were treated from birth with intraperitoneal injections of anti-immunoglobulins in an attempt to create an experimental dysgammaglobulinemia. Mice treated with anti-gammaM were immunologically suppressed in all immunoglobulin classes as determined by serum antibody titers, splenic plaque-forming cells, serum immunoglobulin levels, and immunofluorescent analysis of plasma cells in lymphoid tissues. Treatment immediately after birth with high concentrations of anti-gammaM leads to a developmental arrest characterized by severe immunosuppression, failure to gain weight, and premature death. The pathogenesis of anti-gammaM runting syndrome is unknown. Animals similarly treated with anti-gammaG, anti-gammaA, or control normal goat or rabbit gamma-globulins developed normally. The frequency of occurrence and severity of anti-gammaM-induced runting syndrome is dependent upon the concentration of anti-gammaM-globulin administered. Administration of anti-gammaA resulted in a selective gammaA deficiency that was characterized by a marked reduction in serum-gammaA and an absence of gammaA-containing cells in the spleen. However, essentially normal numbers of plasma cells were found in the gastrointestinal lamina propria of anti-gammaA-treated animals concomitantly with suppressed levels of gammaA in intestinal fluids.

Animals↗