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Biomedical subjects

C A Michie

Publications and source records attributed to C A Michie.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Memory and the lifespan of human T lymphocytes.

The properties of human CD45RA and CD45R0 T cells are described. CD45R0 cells respond to recall antigens and provide help for B lymphocytes. They produce a wide variety of cytokines including IL-2, IL-4 and IFN-gamma. CD45RA T cells respond poorly to recall antigens and produce mainly IL-2. The phenotype of CD45R0 cells suggests that they may be in cycle and in vivo data shows that they have a short lifespan while CD45RA cells are long lived. The lineage relationship of the two subsets is not clear but in vivo and in vitro evidence suggests bidirectional conversion between CD45RA and CD45R0 phenotypes.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1992

Lifespan of human lymphocyte subsets defined by CD45 isoforms.

The lifespan of thymic-derived or T lymphocytes is of particular interest because of their central role in immunological memory. Is the recall of a vaccination or early infection, which may be demonstrated clinically up to 50 years after antigen exposure, retained by a long-lived cell, or by its progeny? Using the observation that T lymphocyte expression of isoforms of CD45 corresponds with their ability to respond to recall antigens, we have investigated the lifespan of both CD45R0 (the subset containing responders, or 'memory' cells) and CD45RA (the unresponsive, or 'naive' subset) lymphocytes in a group of patients after radiotherapy. Here we report rapid loss of unstable chromosomes from the CD45R0 but not the CD45RA pool. Immunological memory therefore apparently resides in a population with a more rapid rate of division. Differing survival curves for the two subsets are best described by a model in which there is also reversion in vivo from the CD45R0 to the CD45RA phenotype. Expression of CD45R0 in T cells may therefore be reversible.

Chromosome Aberrations↗
PubMed1992

The use of herbal remedies in Jamaica.

A survey of paediatric inpatients at the Tropical Metabolism Research Unit in the University Hospital, Kingston, Jamaica demonstrates that 71% had been treated with herbal remedies before their presentation to the medical services. The risks of the high prevalence of such medication in children are outlined, and two remedies in particular are highlighted because of their potential toxicity.

Child↗
PubMed1991

Frankincense and myrrh as remedies in children.

Two cases of therapy with frankincense and myrrh in children are presented. The long history of this unusual treatment is outlined, demonstrating that for several millenia such agents have been employed in a number of medical contexts, as well as in the perfume and incense industries. Myrrh has found recent pharmacological application in the reduction of cholesterol and triglycerides, as predicted by several traditional therapies.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1991

Poisoning with a traditional remedy containing potassium dichromate.

A fatal case of potassium dichromate ingestion is documented. A retrospective review of serum and organ levels of chromium demonstrates that charcoal haemoperfusion, peritoneal and haemodialysis are ineffective therapies for the toxin. Other treatments for this poisoning are reviewed, the poor prognosis of dichromate ingestion, and the paucity of effective therapy underlined. The application of dichromates in traditional medications is briefly discussed; this is a toxin which may be more prevalent than previously thought. It is proposed that the exposure limits of dichromate be more widely publicised.

Autopsy↗
PubMed1987

Nutrition status of pre-school children in a Cape Town township.

An anthropometric study evaluated the nutritional state of pre-school children in the Site C squatter area of Khayelitsha township in Cape Town. A cluster sampling method was used and the weight for age, height for age, weight for height and mid-upper arm circumference of 872 children between the ages of 1 and 5 years were recorded. The National Centers for Health Statistics percentile charts were used as a reference standard. There was a low level of acute malnutrition with 13.7% of children below the 3rd percentile for weight for age. Acute severe malnutrition was not a problem with only 1.0% below the 3rd percentile weight for height. The figure of 47.2% below the 3rd percentile for height for age indicates high levels of chronic malnutrition. Only 42.2% of children had a 'Road to Health' card. The need for further research, nutritional surveillance and health care intervention is highlighted.

Body Height↗
PubMed1987

Comparison of serum cardiac specific troponin-I with creatine kinase, creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme, tropomyosin, myoglobin and C-reactive protein release in marathon runners: cardiac or skeletal muscle trauma?

Problems arise in distinguishing skeletal from cardiac muscle trauma on the basis of serum enzyme tests following severe muscle exercise. The contributions of cardiac and skeletal sources have been assessed in eleven marathon runners by measuring pre- and post-race serum levels of cardiac-specific myofibrillar troponin-I together with total creatine kinase, creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme, myoglobin, myofibrillar tropomyosin and C-reactive protein. Total creatine kinase, creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme, tropomyosin and myoglobin were significantly elevated above pre-race levels in all runners between 1 h and 128 h post-race. Neither mean cardiac troponin-I nor C-reactive protein was elevated post-race. Nine out of sixty-three samples fulfilled conventional positive criteria for cardiac muscle damage on the basis of combined creatine kinase and creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels. Six runners had one or more positive samples. No samples had levels above twice the upper normal limit for either cardiac troponin-I or C-reactive protein. Correlation analysis of levels in each sample indicated skeletal and not cardiac muscle as the source of raised serum protein.

Athletic Injuries↗