Biomedical subjects

C A Moran

Publications and source records attributed to C A Moran.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1992

Antigen binding properties of highly purified bispecific antibodies.

A panel of three bispecific monoclonal antibodies (bsMAbs) binding to follitropin (FSH) and to beta-galactosidase have been prepared by fusion of hybridoma cell lines resistant to oubain and neomycin. One of these bispecific antibodies contains heavy chains of the same IgG subclass, and two are composed of heavy chains of different IgG subclasses. We have investigated methods for the purification of bispecific antibodies from hybrid hybridoma supernatant fluids grown in serum-free medium. Following ammonium sulfate precipitation, bispecific antibodies can be purified in a single step by mixed mode ion-exchange HPLC on Bakerbond Abx columns. In one case, three species were resolved by ion-exchange HPLC and functional analysis showed that two peaks contained parental antibodies, and the third contained the bispecific. Ion-exchange HPLC purification of serum-free preparations from two other hybrid hybridomas resolved seven protein-containing peaks, only one of which was active in a bispecific ELISA. The equilibrium affinity constants for each of the parental antibodies for both FSH and beta-galactosidase were determined and found to be similar to those of the purified bsMAbs. Further, the association of FSH to one binding site on a bispecific antibody was shown to have no effect on the equilibrium binding constant for beta-galactosidase binding to the other site. Our results suggest that bsMAbs can be readily purified from hybrid hybridomas by a simple and rapid method, and the binding of antigen to one binding site on a bsMAb is independent of antigen binding to the second site.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Thymomas presenting as pleural tumors. Report of eight cases.

Eight cases of thymomas presenting as pleural-based lesions are presented. The patients are five men and three women between the ages of 38 and 71 years (mean 54.5). Histologically, six tumors showed morphologic features indistinguishable from classical mediastinal thymomas, namely lobulation produced by fibrous bands and a biphasic cell population composed of epithelial cells admixed with small lymphocytes. One case showed prominent spindle cell configuration and marked vascularization resulting in a hemangiopericytomalike appearance; in another case, the epithelial component was associated with cystic structures. The radiographic findings were diffuse pleural thickening with encasement of the lung in four cases; an ill defined mass involving the right diaphragmatic pleura with engulfment of the left lower lobe in one case; diffuse pleural thickening along the mid lateral axillary line in one case; and left-sided pleural masses involving the diaphragmatic and chest wall pleural surfaces in another. In the remaining case, a massive unilateral left pleural effusion obscured the underlying lesion. Clinically, the patients presented with varied symptoms, including shortness of breath, fever, and weight loss. Follow-up information was obtained in four patients. One patient died 1 month after initial diagnosis, but no details of the cause of death were available. Another had metastasis to the groin 1 year after diagnosis. The other two patients were alive and well 2-10 years after the initial diagnosis.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Acinic cell carcinoma of the lung ("Fechner tumor"). A clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural study of five cases.

The clinical, pathological, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural features in five cases of primary acinic cell carcinoma of the lung are presented. The patients' ages ranged from 44 to 75 years (mean, 56); four were women and one a man. The lesions were discovered incidentally on routine chest x-ray and ranged from 1.2 to 4 cm in greatest diameter. Three tumors were located in the right middle lobe, one in the right upper lobe, and one in the left upper lobe. In three cases, the lesions presented as asymptomatic subpleural nodules in proximity to secondary bronchi, one case presented as an endobronchial tumor that led to obstructive symptoms, and one case as a well-circumscribed deep parenchymal nodule. Histologically, the tumors were composed of clear cells with abundant granular cytoplasm growing as solid sheets with focal acinar, microcystic, and papillocystic areas. Immunohistochemical stains showed strong positivity of the tumor cells for low-molecular-weight cytokeratins and epithelial membrane antigen (EMA). Focal weak cytoplasmic positivity was observed in three cases with alpha-1-antichymotrypsin and in one case with amylase. Stains for vimentin, S-100 protein, chromogranin, and lysozyme were negative in all cases examined. Electron microscopy performed in four cases showed abundant zymogen-type cytoplasmic granules of variable electron density characteristic of acinar-type secretory cells. All patients were treated by lobectomy alone. Follow-up of 3 to 10 years in four cases revealed that all patients were alive and well, with no evidence of recurrence or metastases. Because of their relatively indolent behavior and favorable prognosis, primary acinic cell carcinoma of the lung must be distinguished from other primary and metastatic clear cell tumors of the lung.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Thymoma: radiologic-pathologic correlation.

Thymoma is the most common primary neoplasm of the thymus. The majority of thymomas are encapsulated masses and exhibit a benign behavior. Less frequently, thymomas may be locally invasive, or rarely they may metastasize to distant sites. The usual clinical presentation is that of an anterior mediastinal mass found incidentally in an asymptomatic patient. The variable gross features of thymoma and the potential for local invasion result in a variety of radiologic appearances. The most common radiologic manifestation is a rounded, soft-tissue mass of the anterior superior mediastinum. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging typically show a prevascular mediastinal mass of variable size and may be helpful in the evaluation of adjacent structures in cases of invasive thymoma. The treatment of choice is complete surgical excision. Radiation therapy and chemotherapy may be used adjunctively to surgery in the treatment of invasive tumors. The prognosis of encapsulated thymoma is generally favorable. Invasive tumors are associated with a worse prognosis but may respond to radical resection.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

From the archives of the AFIP. Mediastinal germ cell tumors: radiologic and pathologic correlation.

Germ cell tumors occur most frequently in the gonad but can rarely occur in extragonadal locations, usually in or near the midline. The most common extragonadal site of primary germ cell tumors is the anterior mediastinum. The most common histologic type of mediastinal germ cell tumor is mature teratoma, which is typically asymptomatic and incidentally discovered. Radiographically, these tumors appear as rounded, often lobulated masses; calcification may be seen. Imaging studies of mature teratoma frequently demonstrate cystic components and may demonstrate fat or calcium. Malignant germ cell tumors usually occur as large masses in symptomatic young male patients. Seminomas are typically of homogeneous soft-tissue attenuation, and nonseminomatous malignant germ cell tumors are typically of heterogeneous attenuation on computed tomographic scans. Therapy varies according to cell type and may include surgery, radiation therapy, or chemotherapy. Prognosis is excellent for patients with mature teratoma, good for patients with pure seminoma, and poor for patients with nonseminomatous malignant germ cell tumors and mixed germ cell tumors.

Dysgerminoma↗

PubMed1992

Epstein-Barr virus in Hodgkin's disease from patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection.

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique was used to detect the presence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA sequences in Hodgkin's disease specimens from 10 patients who were also positive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Eight of 10 specimens were positive for EBV, compared to 23 of 57 Hodgkin's disease specimens from patients without HIV infection, suggesting a closer association between Epstein-Barr virus infection and Hodgkin's disease in patients with HIV infection than in the general population.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Mucinous (so-called colloid) carcinomas of lung.

We present 24 cases of primary mucinous (so-called colloid) carcinomas of the lung. The patients were between 33 and 81 yr old (median: 57 yr), including 15 men and nine women. The lesions were discovered incidentally on chest X-ray, where they presented in diverse forms. No predilection for a particular lobe or pulmonary segment was observed. The tumors varied from 0.5 to 10 cm in greatest diameter. Grossly, the tumors were poorly circumscribed, soft, tan-to-gray mucoid lesions. Microscopically, they showed intra-alveolar pools of mucin containing small clusters of atypical cells floating in the mucin, and foci of neoplastic columnar epithelium lining scattered alveoli. Seven cases showed areas of solid, well-differentiated malignant glands adjacent to pools of mucin. In two cases, lymph node metastases were found at surgery. Eleven (57%) of 19 patients were alive over a follow-up period ranging from 2 to 192 mo; one of them had metastases to bone and another had intrapulmonary recurrence. Eight patients died with/of their tumors, two of them with known metastases to bone and/or brain, and one with recurrence after 2 yr of initial diagnosis. No follow-up was obtained in five patients. Although the extent of clinical evaluation varied, no other primary neoplasms (i.e., breast, gastrointestinal tract, or other organs where primary mucinous carcinomas are known to occur) were observed. These tumors probably represent a variant of bronchioloalveolar carcinoma and share the prognosis of that neoplasm. However, because of their often bland cytologic features and paucity of malignant cells, they may be difficult to diagnose as neoplasms.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗

PubMed1992

The spectrum of histologic growth patterns in benign and malignant fibrous tumors of the pleura.

A review of the histologic growth patterns in 50 cases of benign and malignant fibrous tumors of the pleura (localized or solitary fibrous tumor, fibrous mesothelioma) is presented. Two major histologic growth patterns were observed admixed in various proportions: solid spindle and diffuse sclerosing. The solid spindle growth pattern assumed various configurations, including fascicular areas, storiform and herringbone formations, angiofibroma and hemangiopericytoma-like areas, synovial sarcoma-like areas, and neural-type palisading, thus simulating a variety of soft-tissue neoplasms. The diffuse sclerosing pattern, although rarely assuming a dominant role, was present in varying proportions in virtually all cases. In areas with extensive sclerosis, focal degeneration of collagen simulating tumor necrosis was often present. Other less frequently observed features were the formation of "amianthoid" fibers, multinucleated giant cells, and foci of metaplastic ossification. On ultrastructural and immunohistochemical examination, the tumor cells showed nondistinct features. Due to the extreme variability in morphologic appearances and the lack of distinctive ultrastructural or immunohistochemical characteristics, these tumors can pose a significant diagnostic problem. Familiarity with their histologic appearances and correlation with the gross findings and clinical setting are essential for arriving at the correct diagnosis.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

Syringomatous squamous tumors of the breast.

Four cases are reported of syringomatous squamous tumors of the breast occurring in women aged 37 to 70 years. The lesions were characterized histologically by relatively well-circumscribed tumor-like nodules composed of a proliferation of teardrop or comma-shaped islands of squamous epithelium. The squamous epithelial islands contained central lumens lined by eosinophilic cuticles and were surrounded by a densely cellular fibrous matrix, thus closely resembling the growth pattern of dermal eccrine syringomas. The lesions appeared to arise de novo from breast parenchyma without evidence of transitions with the surrounding normal or hyperplastic mammary epithelium and were not associated with the overlying skin or nipple epidermis. In all cases, the surrounding breast tissue showed fibrocystic and benign proliferative changes, and in one case, the lesion was found in the vicinity of a large cyst surrounded by microcalcifications. All patients were treated by local surgical excision and have shown no evidence of recurrence over a follow-up period of 1 to 6 years. The histologic differential diagnosis and the possible pathogenesis of these lesions are discussed.

Adenoma↗

PubMed1991

Identification of titanium in human tissues: probable role in pathologic processes.

Six cases of titanium dioxide exposure involving lung, skin, and synovium are described, with a review of the literature. The patients, four men and two women, were between the ages of 22 and 65 years. The pulmonary changes were characterized by fibrosis and numerous macrophages with abundant deposition of a black pigment. Adjacent areas of bronchopneumonia were also observed. In the skin a severe necrotizing lesion involving the subcutaneous tissue with extension to the muscle was observed in one case and a nonspecific inflammatory response was observed in another; both cases showed abundant black pigment deposition. Electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray analysis demonstrated the presence of large quantities of titanium in the pigment granules. There may be a combination of black pigment deposition and fibrosis, necrosis, or a xanthomatous or granulomatous reaction, that, together with negative results on special staining and culture studies for organisms, should raise the suspicion of titanium-associated injury and prompt the study of the affected tissues by x-ray analysis for positive identification.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Nodular regenerative hyperplasia of the liver in children.

Sixteen cases of nodular regenerative hyperplasia of the liver in children are presented. The patients, 10 girls and 6 boys, were between the ages of 7 months and 13 years, with a median of 6 years. Clinically, nine children presented with hepatomegaly or splenomegaly, with and without signs of portal hypertension. A history of anticonvulsant drug therapy was obtained in four patients. Associated conditions in the remaining three cases were Donohue's syndrome, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and angiomyolipoma of the kidney. In five patients a clinical diagnosis of primary intra-abdominal tumor was made. Follow-up showed that six patients died of causes unrelated to the nodular hyperplasia. Two patients were asymptomatic when last seen 5 and 18 years after the initial diagnosis of nodular hyperplasia. Both patients underwent shunt surgery. No follow-up was available for eight patients. The importance of recognizing this entity in the pediatric age group, as well as its histopathologic differential diagnosis, is stressed.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

Primary adenocarcinoma of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses.

Eight cases of primary adenocarcinoma of the nasal cavity associated with wood dust exposure are reported. The patients include seven men and one woman between the ages of 31 and 81 years. All the patients had a history of wood dust exposure. Carpentry was the occupation in four patients; inspector for railroad boxcars in one; teacher in a wood-work shop in another and worker in a desk factory in the other. The only female patient was a school teacher whose husband had a wood-work shop at home. Clinically, epistaxis and/or nasal obstruction were the most common symptoms. The histology of the tumors varied and consisted of well differentiated adenocarcinoma, clear cell adenocarcinoma, papillary-mucinous adenocarcinoma, and "colonic-type" adenocarcinoma. Follow-up data showed that three patients were alive of whom two had either recurrent or metastatic disease at one and three years following the initial diagnosis, respectively. The third patient was alive and well four years after initial diagnosis. Three other patients died but a direct cause of death was not identified. The remaining two patients were lost to follow-up.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1990

Benign mixed tumors (pleomorphic adenomas) of the breast.

Six cases of benign mixed tumors of the female breast are described. The tumors were found in three settings: (a) as a de-novo lesion arising from breast parenchyma, (b) as single or multiple nodules arising in a background of benign proliferative epithelial elements, and (c) in association with breast carcinoma. The tumors ranged from 1 to 4 cm in diameter, and were histologically characterized by the admixture in various proportions of benign glandular epithelial and myoepithelial elements and cartilaginous or myxoid components. Immunohistochemical staining supported this interpretation. One of the cases was remarkable for the presence of abundant tyrosine-like crystals, a feature described in benign mixed tumors of salivary glands. None of the tumors has recurred during a follow-up period of 1-7 years. Mixed tumors of the breast are considered to be similar to their dermal and salivary gland counterparts.

Adenoma↗

PubMed1990

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the glans penis.

A case of malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the penis in a 56-year-old Hispanic man is described. The tumor was composed of a proliferation of atypical spindle cells showing the characteristic storiform growth pattern. Immunohistochemical stains were positive for vimentin and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin and negative for keratin, desmin, and S-100 protein antibodies. The unusual location of this tumor in our patient highlights the ubiquitous distribution of this malignant neoplasm. The clinical and histologic differential diagnosis of this lesion is discussed.

Diagnosis, Differential↗

PubMed1990

Deciduosis of the appendix.

A clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of six cases of deciduosis of the appendix is presented. The patients were pregnant women aged 18-40 years. In four cases, the patients presented with signs and symptoms of acute appendicitis during their 26th to 31st week of pregnancy; in the other two, the lesions were discovered incidentally in appendectomy specimens obtained during cesarean section and tubal ligation at term. Histologically, the lesions were characterized by the presence of multiple, irregularly distributed submesothelial deposits of decidualized cells in the serosa of the appendix, without any associated evidence of endometriosis. By immunohistochemistry, the decidualized cells strongly labelled with vimentin antibodies, consistent with their stromal origin. In two cases, coexpression of vimentin and desmin intermediate filaments was observed, suggestive of myoid differentiation. The possible relationship of the lesions with the development of symptoms of peritoneal irritation in these patients is discussed along with a review of the literature on the abdominal complications of ectopic decidua.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1990

Morphometric analysis of germinal centers in nonthymomatous patients with myasthenia gravis.

A morphometric analysis of germinal centers (GCs) in the thymus of nonthymomatous patients with myasthenia gravis was performed in 26 patients, including 14 women and 12 men. The GCs were evaluated for number, diameter, perimeter, and cross-sectional area using a computerized interactive morphometric analysis. The GCs ranged from 2 to 19 per case, with an average diameter of 0.02 to 0.43 mm, a perimeter of 0.38 to 1.35 mm, and a cross-sectional area of 0.01 to 0.14 mm2. In thymic sections with fewer than five GCs, the GCs had a mean area of 0.05 mm2, a perimeter of 0.84 mm, and a diameter of 0.24 mm. In thymic sections containing five or more GCs, the GCs had a mean area of 0.04 mm2, a perimeter of 0.62 mm, and a diameter of 0.19 mm. The clinical improvement in these patients inversely correlated with the above parameters, with improvement being observed in patients whose GCs had a mean area of 0.02 mm2, a perimeter of 0.58 mm, and a diameter of 0.17 mm. No correlation was observed between the number of GCs and clinical improvement. The results of our study appear to indicate that computerized interactive morphometric analysis may represent a potentially useful method for the evaluation of the morphometric features of thymic GCs and their correlation with clinical outcome in patients with myasthenia gravis.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1989

Anatomy of the hand.

The anatomy of the hand is efficiently organized to carry out a variety of complex tasks. These tasks require a combination of intricate movements and finely controlled force production. The shape of the bony anatomy in conjunction with the arrangement of soft tissues contributes to the complex kinesiology of the hand. Injury to any of these structures can alter the overall function of the hand and therefore complicate the therapeutic management. The purpose of this article is to review the anatomy of the hand with special emphasis on structures that relate to management of hand injuries.

Hand↗

PubMed1989

Malacoplakia of the colon in association with colonic adenocarcinoma.

We present two cases of malacoplakia of the colon in association with adenocarcinoma. The foci of malacoplakia characteristically comprised submucosal proliferations of histiocytes and chronic inflammatory cells with the typical cytoplasmic inclusions known as Michaelis-Gutmann bodies. These foci were found, respectively, adjacent to, and in contiguity with, a well- and moderately differentiated colonic adenocarcinoma. The possible pathogenetic relationship between these two processes is discussed.

Adenocarcinoma↗