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Biomedical subjects

C A Moreira

Publications and source records attributed to C A Moreira.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Sodium hyaluronate as a carrier for intravitreal gentamicin. An experimental study.

Fifty mcg of gentamicin was combined with saline or with 0.8% sodium hyaluronate and injected into the vitreous cavity of rabbit eyes with moderate to severe Staphylococcus aureus endophthalmitis. Endophthalmitis was controlled in 9 of 10 eyes. There was no evidence of toxicity with either treatment regimen. Although the clearance study demonstrated statistical differences at all time points studied, the half-lives of both treatment regimens were similar (3.3 h for aqueous gentamicin and 3.6 h for sodium hyaluronate/gentamicin). These results suggest that the vitreous played a role in keeping the aqueous gentamicin in the eye for a longer time, as similar half-lives were shown with both types of treatment. Thus, if a vitrectomy has to be done for the treatment of endophthalmitis, as much as possible of the vitreous should be left in situ to maintain the drug for longer periods in the eye. Also, if it is necessary to remove all vitreous during vitrectomy, it may be more effective to administer the drug with sodium hyaluronate so as to prolong its action inside the eye.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

In vitro and in vivo studies with sodium hyaluronate as a carrier for intraocular gentamicin.

We compared the in vitro growth of common intraocular pathogens Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in rabbit vitreous and in sodium hyaluronate (SH) with and without gentamicin. The minimal inhibitory concentration for gentamicin/SH was 0.5, 0.062 and 2.0 mcg/ml for these pathogens, respectively. After posterior capsulotomy, P. aeruginosa was inoculated into the anterior vitreous and all 15 untreated eyes developed endophthalmitis. In a similar group, aqueous gentamicin administered in the anterior chamber reduced the incidence of endophthalmitis to 10 of 15 eyes. Under similar circumstances, the SH/gentamicin combination lowered the incidence of endophthalmitis significantly to 4 of 15 eyes. The half-life of aqueous gentamicin was 0.9 h, which was shorter than the 2.2 h for SH/gentamicin combination. These results suggest that SH may be a useful carrier for intraocular drug therapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Epidemiological study of eye injuries in Brazilian children.

A year-long follow-up study of 146 eye injuries in children up to 15 years of age was carried out in two emergency hospitals of a southern Brazilian city. These injuries represent approximately 65% of the total number of patients seeking ophthalmic care at emergency hospitals within this city. Patients were followed up for at least four months after injury; visual results as well as epidemiological factors were analyzed. Based on these findings, children in the 0- to 5-year-old group were at greatest risk, regardless of sex; among children older than 5 years, eye injuries were more frequent in boys. Generally, the child takes part in the accident as an active participant, and adequate adult supervision decreases the number of these accidents. Analysis of the relationship between socioeconomic levels of the parents and severity of eye injuries revealed that severe eye injuries were more frequent in lower socioeconomic strata. In severe eye injuries 35.1% of the children ended with visual acuity under 20/200 in the affected eye, which corresponds to 9% of all studied eye injuries.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Partial aniridia, cerebellar ataxia, and mental deficiency (Gillespie syndrome) in two brothers.

We report on two brothers (in a sibship of three) with partial aniridia, cerebellar ataxia, and moderate mental retardation, with normal G-banded chromosomes. Both present cerebellum hypoplasia; the younger also has congenital pulmonic stenosis. A review of the literature is presented. Cause is unknown, although the possibility of an autosomal recessive gene cannot be ruled out.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1984

[Virus search in cerebrospinal fluid in Vogt-Koyanagi syndrome: report of a case].

Research was carried out on isolating and identification of a virus in the cerebrospinal fluid of a patient with the Vogt-Koyanagi syndrome (uveomeningeal encephalitis). Results were negative. It was not possible to detect any virus causing the disease in this case. This research was the first such study carried out in Brazil.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Vogt-Koyanagi syndrome. Report of a case in a pregnant woman].

A 28 year old pregnant woman with Vogt-Koyanagi syndrome is reported. Despite the use of steroid therapy, she became blind. She delivered a boy Apgar 8. The newborn developed a meningoencephalitis in the nursery and died two years later with evidence of cerebral palsy. Correlation between both mother and son disease has not been found.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Nonsuture colonic anastomosis.

Methyl-2-cyanoacrylate was used for nonsuture end-to-end anastomosis of the ascending colon in 35 male Sprague-Dawley rats. The results were studied in seven sacrificed rats and eight rats that died after the procedure. The mortality rate was 22 per cent in a six-month period. Twenty animals are being observed for further studies of the anastomoic site and possible late carcinogenic activity of the monomer. The local histotoxicity of methyl-2-cyanoacrylate, the strong binding capacity, the abundance of scar tissue, and the distraction of the mucosa, as pointed out by several earlier investigators, were confirmed in this work. Also, it was strongly evident that the age of the glue has a significant influence on survival. The use of tissue adhesives as a substitute for standard suture technique or as a reinforcement of an inadequate suture line requires further study. Investigations designed for improving properties of these monomers appear warranted.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A foreign body (chicken bone) in the rectum causing extensive perirectal and scrotal abscess: report of a case.

A case of foreign-body perforation of the rectum with extensive necrotizing fasciitis is presented and the literature briefly reviewed. The peculiarity of the case was brought out because of the nature of the foreign body(chicken bone) and the extensiveness of the process. The increases risk of swallowing a foreign body if dentures are worn is pointed out.

Abscess↗