Biomedical subjects
C A Penso
Publications and source records attributed to C A Penso.
Early amniocentesis: report of 407 cases with neonatal follow-up.
Amniocentesis was performed for prenatal diagnosis in 407 pregnancies between the gestational ages of 11-14 weeks. The safety and accuracy of the procedure were compared with data obtained from collaborative studies of amniocentesis performed later in the second trimester. There were no differences observed with respect to accuracy, pseudomosaicism, or maternal-cell contamination related to the timing of the procedure. The fetal loss rate within 4 weeks of the procedure was 2.3%. Fetal losses appeared to be related to maternal complications such as bleeding and leakage of fluid that occurred within a day of the procedure. No major maternal complications were noted. Information regarding neonatal outcome, including pulmonary complications and congenital orthopedic postural deformities, was found to be similar to that in previous reports.
Fetal abnormalities: diagnosis or treatment with percutaneous umbilical blood sampling under continuous US guidance.
Percutaneous umbilical blood sampling has become an important tool in maternal-fetal medicine and allows direct access to fetal blood. In 52 patients, 100 successful consecutive blood sampling procedures were done for a variety of indications, including 20 intravascular intrauterine fetal transfusions for isoimmune disease. Indications, technique, and complications in this series of percutaneous umbilical blood sampling procedures are described.
Early amniocentesis for prenatal cytogenetic evaluation.
Early amniocentesis at 11-14 weeks gestation was evaluated in 100 consecutive patients to see how this technique compares with later amniocentesis. There were no complications as a consequence of the procedure or related pregnancy losses of chromosomally normal fetuses. Samples obtained from three (3%) patients showed insufficient cell growth; two of these patients elected a repeat procedure, which yielded a normal karyotype in each case. There were five abnormal karyotypes, one of which was a culture artifact; in the latter case, repeat amniocentesis at 15 weeks yielded a normal result. Of the 95 pregnancies with normal karyotypes, 94 were progressing normally at follow-up, and one patient elected pregnancy termination because of maternal indications. It appears that early amniocentesis may be an attractive alternative to traditional amniocentesis, in that it provides results at an earlier gestational age and may avoid certain disadvantages of chorionic villus sampling.
Acute fetal distress associated with percutaneous umbilical blood sampling.
Percutaneous umbilical blood sampling is emerging as an important procedure in the armamentarium of the obstetrician involved with prenatal diagnosis. It has apparent low morbidity and can be accomplished with relative ease by the experienced operator. We report a series of 42 successful percutaneous umbilical blood sampling procedures in 22 patients and describe the indications and gestational ages of the fetuses undergoing the blood-sampling procedures. Nine of the procedures involved intravascular transfusions. In one of our 42 cases, acute fetal distress developed in a manner similar to that of a previously reported case that was likewise associated with a compromised fetus and ended in death. Because of prompt and immediate delivery, the infant described in this series survived and, although this procedure appears to be relatively safe in experienced hands, it is imperative that the associated complications be duly recorded.