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Biomedical subjects

C A Prutting

Publications and source records attributed to C A Prutting.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Process /prá/,ses/n: the action of moving forward progressively from one point to another on the way to completion.

A rationale for the application of a stage process model for the language-disordered child is presented. The major behaviors of the communicative system (pragmatic-semantic-syntactic-phonological) are summarized and organized in stages from prelinguistic to the adult level. The article provides clinicians with guidelines, based on complexity, for the content and sequencing of communicative behaviors to be used in planning remedial programs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Pragmatic and semantic development in young children with impaired hearing.

The purpose of the study was to characterize the early pragmatic-semantic communicative development of young hearing-impaired children learning spoken English as a first language. Twelve children with impaired hearing, ranging in age from 22 months to 60 months, were videotaped. Approximately 13 hours of videotaped data from four different communicative settings were analyzed. The pragmatic and semantic categories used by these children varied across age groups. Results are discussed with regard to age, expressive modality, mean length of utterance (MLU), and hearing loss. There was much variation among these parameters in communicative development across children.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1978

Testing for a specific syntactic structure.

Nine language delayed children who had failed the "is interrogative" test item on the Programmed Conditioning for Language Test served as subjects. A comparison was made of subjects' syntactic performance on six language tasks designed by the investigators to elicit the "is interrogative" structure. These tasks ranged along an imitative-to-spontaneous continuum demonstrating varying degrees of communicative intention, presence or absence of contextual referents, and varying levels of task structure. Analyses indicated all nine subjects produced complete grammatical "is interrogative" utterances on one or more of the language tasks. The most effective tasks for eliciting the specific structure were those that required communicative intention, included specific contextual referents, and provided a relatively structured situation. The direct imitative task was less effective, although it elicited more correct productions than the spontaneous language sampling task. However, the relative eliciting potential of each task was not the same for each child. Theoretical and clinical implications of these findings are discussed.

Child↗
PubMed1978

Clinician-child discourse: some preliminary questions.

Various pragmatic procedures were used to analyze clinician-child discourse in a language remediation setting. Communicative acts, responses to prior requests, and discourse topics were described in the interaction between clinician and child. Three major trends were derived from the data. First, consistent patterns were found among clinicians and children for the relative frequency of communicative acts as well as the general and specific types of communicative acts. Second, patterns were not found for the responses to prior requests for either clinicians or children. Last, consistent patterns were found across data on groups of clinicians and children for the introduction, continuation, and reintroduction of discourse topics. Preliminary questions are raised regarding the variables associated with clinician-child discourse to begin to understand the nature of this interaction.

Child↗
PubMed1978

Communicative performance of mentally retarded adults in four conversational settings.

A sociolinguistic analysis of the communicative performances and social interactions of four mentally retarded adults was conducted. Role relationships were examined along dimensions of dominance-submission and control in various conversational settings. Audiotape recordings were made of each adult's conversation while engaged in discourse with his speech-language pathologist, peers, parents, and with a normal young child. Relational communication coding schemes involving the analysis of questions and subsequent responses were applied to the data. Results indicated that the retarded adults, though not always able to hold a dominant position in a conversation, were capable of expressing the same types of control as normal adults. The types of control expressed by each subject varied as a function of the conversational setting. Furthermore, differences existed in the types and frequencies of control expressed across subjects. These findings suggest that a sociolinguistic approach provides important information regarding the mentally retarded adult's communicative performance.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Imitation: a closer look.

This paper explores the effectiveness of elicited imitation in clinical assessment and remediation procedures. A critical review of the literature dealing with the role of elicited imitation in language acquisition as well as the use of elicited imitation clinically is presented. Conclusions drawn from the review indicated that the effectiveness of employing elicited imitation for assessment and remediation purposes is not clearly defined.

Age Factors↗