Pituitary and gonadal hormones in women during spontaneous and induced ovulatory cycles.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to C A Strott.
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A reliable radio-ligand assay has been developed for the measurement of 17-hydroxypregnenolone in human peripheral vein plasma. The mean plasma concentration of 17-hydroxypregnenolone was, in men, 1.9 mmug/ml; and in women, 3.5 mmug/ml. These means were not significantly different from each other, and the levels were the same in the follicular and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle. In women, the adrenal cortex was the source of the 17-hydroxypregnenolone; in men, 40% was produced by the testis. Since the metabolic clearance rate was about 2000 liters/24 hr production rate estimates were 4-7 mg/24 hr. The conversion of blood 17-hydroxypregnenolone to blood 17-hydroxyprogesterone and dehydroepiandrosterone was measured. This varied from 5 to 20%. Thus, in women during the follicular phase, 17-hydroxyprogesterone derived from blood 17-hydroxypregnenolone could be the major fraction of the 17-hydroxyprogesterone production rate. Blood 17-hydroxypregnenolone is a minor precursor of blood dehydroepiandrosterone.
Plasma 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) concentrations in normal men averaged 0.094 mug/100 ml. Studies using suppressive doses of androgens and glucocorticoids showed that 90% of the 17-OHP originated from the Leydig cell. The 17-OHP production rate was 1.8 mg/24 hr. Plasma 17-OHP has a marked circadian variation, the 8 p.m. values being only 40% of the 8 a.m. values. Plasma luteinizing hormone measured in the same samples did not vary. The adrenal cortex has the capacity to synthesize and secrete 17-OHP and progesterone since adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) caused a fourfold increase in these plasma steroids. In children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia, plasma 17-OHP levels were 50-200 times those of normal men and plasma progesterone was increased 6- to 10-fold over normal men.
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