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Biomedical subjects

C Abel

Publications and source records attributed to C Abel.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

"Minimal intervention management" for gastroschisis: a preliminary report.

The replacement of eviscerated bowel, without anaesthesia, has been performed safely in stable neonates with gastroschisis. This technique, termed "minimal intervention management", was used in three infants treated at the Newborn Special Care Nursery of the University Hospital of the West Indies. Two infants had excellent results but one had bowel perforation during the procedure, necessitating conversion to formal laparotomy under general anaesthesia. In selected patients, advantages of this technique include the ability to be guided by patient response during the procedure in order to avoid excessive intra-abdominal tension, the avoidance of anaesthesia and minimal cost. This technique is proposed for wider use in developing countries.

Female↗
PubMed1999

Ultrasound appearance of schistosomiasis of the testis.

Schistosomiasis of the testis is rare and its ultrasound findings have not previously been documented in the English medical literature. This case report describes the ultrasound appearances of a case of schistosomiasis of the testis in a 33-year-old male who had recently travelled to Egypt. The ultrasound findings are those of a solid testicular mass with a heterogeneous echotexture identical to that of most testicular malignancies.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Histology of the upper pole in complete urinary duplication--does it affect surgical management?

OBJECTIVE: To review the histological change in the upper pole of excised duplex kidneys and assess whether ante-natal diagnosis might predispose to more conservative surgical management of this abnormality. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fifty consecutive patients undergoing upper pole hemi-nephroureterectomy for ectopic ureter or ectopic ureterocele between 1980 and 1992 had their histology reviewed and assessed for dysplastic, inflammatory and obstructive change. RESULTS: Segmental scarring and chronic and acute inflammatory change occurred consistently and the degree of inflammation seemed unaffected by antenatal diagnosis. Dysplasia was seen in 70% of patients with ureterocele and in only 30% of those with ectopic ureter. One patient had normal histology. CONCLUSION: There was no evidence of reversible histological change in patients with ectopic ureter and ectopic ureterocele who were diagnosed ante-natally. Preservation of the upper pole of the kidney does not seem justified in the light of the histological evidence.

Cicatrix↗
PubMed1994

Transient behaviour of baker's yeast during enforced periodical variation of dissolved oxygen concentration.

The aim of the investigation was to find out the influence of the variation of the dissolved oxygen concentration in the microenvironment of yeast cells on their physiological behaviour in small laboratory reactors and estimate their behaviour in large industrial reactors. Since the morphology of the laboratory and industrial yeasts differed considerably, their transient behaviour was investigated and compared. For this purpose, the strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae H620 and an industrial strain were cultivated on synthetic as well as on complex medium in batch operation during periodical variation of the dissolved oxygen concentration, monitoring the most important key parameters. Also the yeast was cultivated in batch as well as in continuous operation, the cell-containing culture medium was recirculated through a nonaerated loop at different recirculation rates (residence times of the cells in the loop), and the key operation variables were monitored. It was found that the transient behaviour of laboratory and industrial yeasts differed slightly. Since cells growing in batch culture are more sensitive to dissolved oxygen concentration variation than cells growing in continuous culture, the transient behavior of cells cultivated in batch operation varied from those in continuous operation. If the anaerobic phase was longer than 1 min, ethanol was produced. However, it was consumed during the aerobiosis again, provided that phase was considerably longer than the anaerobic phase. This means that the yeast cultivation was not influenced by the periodic operation of the dissolved oxygen. Judging from the measurements in large stirred tank and airlift tower loop reactors, in general, the cells would spend more time in the aerobic than in the anaerobic flow region, and they would spend less than 1 min in the anaerobic flow region. Therefore, no considerable effect of the periodically varied dissolved oxygen concentration on the cell cultivation can be expected in large-scale reactors. In the stirred tank-loop-system at high pumping rates/high frequencies of periodically varied dissolved oxygen concentration, unexpectedly, the formation of ethanol was observed, which might be caused by stress imposed on the cells.

Biotechnology↗
PubMed1994

The effect of low dose lofepramine in depressed elderly patients in general medical wards.

A double-blind randomised controlled trial of the effect of low dose lofepramine (70 mg once daily) against placebo was carried out on depressed elderly inpatients on general medical wards for the elderly, comparing measures of depression and side-effects between the randomised groups. Patients were identified for the study using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) and the Brief Assessment Schedule Depression Cards (BASDEC). Sixty-three subjects were randomised: 46 patients completed the entire trial of 28 days treatment. BASDEC and GDS were administered on day 8 post-admission, and depressed patients were randomised double-blind to either low dose lofepramine (70 mg daily) (n = 23) or placebo (n = 23). Assessment of changes in depressive states were made using the Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) on days 8, 18 and 36 post-admission. Both groups improved by a similar amount during the trial. Lofepramine tended to be more effective than placebo in those patients who were more depressed (GDS > or = 18). On the other hand, subjects who were less depressed (i.e. GDS < 18) improved more on placebo than lofepramine. Low dose lofepramine may prove useful in moderately or severely depressed patients treated for only 4 weeks. However, low dose lofepramine is not indicated for mild (GDS 15-18) depression.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1992

Lectin staining of cultured CNS microglia.

Carbohydrate binding proteins, known as lectins, bind to specific sugar groups on most membranes. We used fluorescent and light microscopy to study the interaction of various lectins with the membranes of microglia cultured from neonatal rat or fetal mouse cerebral cortices. Microglia stained intensely with GS-1, RCA, WGA, and ConA and slightly with DBA, UEA, BPA, and SBA. No staining was seen with GS-2, MPA, or PNA. Staining was specific for microglia in the mixed glial cultures and was dose dependent. In addition, microglial lectin binding could be reduced or blocked by competitive inhibition using specific sugars. Treatment of the microglia with agents such as dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), interleukin-1 (IL-1), interferon (IFN), or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) did not eliminate lectin staining, although the degree of staining was altered. Positive staining of the microglia was also associated with a functional change for at least one lectin, i.e., ConA. Superoxide anion production by microglia was increased in the presence of ConA. Overall, binding of the lectins GS-1, RCA, WGA, and ConA can be used as an identifying tool for microglia in glial cultures, but intensity of staining varies depending on their functional state.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Therapy proposals for the quarantine of African green monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops)].

Attenuated live virus vaccines are usually tested in vivo for neurovirulent properties by using African green monkeys. This report describes the health condition of animals that have been imported from Ethiopia. The monkeys were strongly malnourished when they arrived at the institute. One animal died during the shipment. In spite of many diagnostic and therapeutic efforts only 14 of 29 monkeys survived the 120-day-quarantine. Most animals died of infections of the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts within 4 weeks after arrival.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[A new etiology of traveler's diarrhea in children: Cryptosporidium diarrhea].

Cryptosporidiosis is a frequent cause of Traveler's diarrhea in children. In its acute or chronic form, this diarrhea is often accompanied by dehydration and accompanying deterioration in health. Diagnosis may be reached by inspection of the stools, for parasites, utilising specific but simple procedures. The latter tests should be carried out by the laboratory in addition to the routine parasitological examination. Prognosis is good in immunocompetent children since the clinical signs spontaneously regress within about a month. The only treatment consists in symptomatic treatment of diarrhea. Spiramycin, though not constantly effective, is reserved for immunosuppressed patients.

Child↗
PubMed1978

[Demonstration of the oncogenic activity of cell cultures using antithymocytic serum].

The authors examined 10 cell strains of different origin as to their effect on mice by means of antithymocytic (ATC) serum. In dependence on the strain used the tumors developed in different number and with different growth tendency. In control animals not treated by the ATC serum, small ganglions developed in some cases which, however, disappeared in 2--3 days. Both strains of diploide cells WI 38 and LEP and primary cultures of chicken fibroblast from embryos of SPF chickens did not develop any tumors. The antithymocytic serums from calfs were found to be less toxic for mice than the rabbit sera.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Evidence of tumorigenic activity of candidate cell substrates in vaccine production by use of antilymphocyte serum.

Candidate cell substrates for vaccine production must be controlled for the absence of tumorigenic activities. This test is done in most laboratories by heterotransplantation of living cells in Syrian hamsters either subcutaneously into newborns or into the cheek-pouch tissue of older ones. The necessity of a long observation period and high rate of intercurrent mortality among newborn hamsters are the disadvantages of this method. The method described by the authors is based on the use of three-week-old mice. Suspensions of living cells (at least 10(6)) were inoculated simultaneously with an antilymphocyte serum of bovine origin. The application of the antilymphocyte serum is repeated twice. Different heteroploid cell strains were studied and their tumorigenic activities were demonstrated. In no case tumors developed after inoculation of diploid cell strains. The results showed that the use of immunodepressed mice is an efficient method for the determination of the cell culture tumorigenic activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[The significance of CELO virus as a hatching egg contaminant with special reference to its oncogenic properties].

A group of young hamsters was injected subcutaneously in the neck region with allantoic fluid containing CELO virus. A second group received transplants of cells from tumours induced by CELO virus. Tumours developed in both groups. The latent period was shorter after transplantation than after virus inoculation. The tumours grew progressively, histologically resembling fibrosarcoma. It is recommended that hatching eggs infected with CELO virus should not be used in vaccine production.

Adenoviridae↗