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Biomedical subjects

C Adler

Publications and source records attributed to C Adler.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Dopamine D2 receptor density and personal detachment in healthy subjects.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the personality trait involving personal detachment and dopamine D2 receptor specific binding in healthy subjects. METHOD: Eighteen adult subjects completed the Karolinska Scales of Personality and the Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire and participated in a study that used [11C]raclopride positron emission tomography (PET) to quantify striatal D2 receptor binding. RESULTS: A significant relationship was found between D2 receptor specific binding and detachment scores on the Karolinska Scales of Personality but not between D2 receptor specific binding and attachment scores on the Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire. In an exploratory analysis, the authors found a significant relationship between binding and the sentimentality cluster on the Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire but on no other personality clusters scores on the Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire or Karolinska Scales of Personality. CONCLUSIONS: These findings replicate those of a recent report that personal detachment scores on the Karolinska Scales of Personality are related to dopamine D2 receptor density and extends this finding by suggesting that the relationship is relatively specific to the trait defined by the Karolinska Scales of Personality and does not generalize to other forms of detachment.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Genetic and physical maps of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Genetic and physical maps for the 16 chromosomes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae are presented. The genetic map is the result of 40 years of genetic analysis. The physical map was produced from the results of an international systematic sequencing effort. The data for the maps are accessible electronically from the Saccharomyces Genome Database (SGD: http://genome-www.stanford. edu/Saccharomyces/).

Chromosome Mapping↗
PubMed1996

["I never feel free"--women care for the demented husband, father or mother].

The care of elderly relatives with dementia is not any longer a job exclusively done by women nevertheless the care for three quarters of patients is mainly provided by women. This study comprises 70 persons consulting the "Alzheimer Advice Centre" in Leipzig. The aim was to examine the difference between nursing men and women with regard to the way they experience their situation. Independent of sex nursing persons experience their job as a strain. Especially spouses suffer from depressive disorders, states of exhaustion and pain in arms and legs. Nursing spouses differ in their ways of coping with regard to their sex. Wives experience the symptoms of dementia and the limitation of personal freedom as stressing whereas husbands pick out as a central theme the worries about their wives. Men use instrumental support in the nursing situation more often than wives. Altogether mainly women provide care. Sometimes they even take care of several persons. Therefore the resulting strains and limitations are to be regarded as special problems of women.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1994

Olfactory function in Parkinson's disease subtypes.

Decreased olfactory function commonly occurs in idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD), regardless of stage, treatment, or duration of disease. In the present study, we sought to determine whether different subtypes of PD, categorized according to well-defined clinical criteria, evidence different degrees of olfactory dysfunction. Significantly different scores on the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT) were present between patients with benign PD and malignant PD (respective means [SD] = 22.51 [8.50] and 17.38 [6.29]) and between tremor-predominant PD and postural instability-gait disorder (PIGD)-predominant PD (23.43 [8.18] versus 17.35 [6.00]). No statistically significant differences in UPSIT scores were observed between young-onset and older-onset PD patients. Women outperformed men in most subtypes examined.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Magnetic resonance tomographic angiography in the investigation of hemifacial spasm.

Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), combined with submillimeter magnetic resonance tomographic angiographic sections (MRTA) showed vascular compression of the 7th cranial nerve or its root exit zone (REZ) in the brain stem in 24 of 37 patients (64.86%) with hemifacial spasm. MRA alone was positive for REZ compression in only 19 (51.4%) cases, while conventional MRI was even less revealing, only 10 (27%) cases being positive.

Facial Muscles↗
PubMed1992

7-substituted pterins in humans with suspected pterin-4a-carbinolamine dehydratase deficiency. Mechanism of formation via non-enzymatic transformation from 6-substituted pterins.

A recently described new form of hyperphenylalaninemia is characterized by the excretion of 7-substituted isomers of biopterin and neopterin and 7-oxo-biopterin in the urine of patients. It has been shown that the 7-substituted isomers of biopterin and neopterin derive from L-tetrahydrobiopterin and D-tetrahydroneopterin and are formed during hydroxylation of phenylalanine to tyrosine with rat liver dehydratase-free phenylalanine hydroxylase. We have now obtained identical results using human phenylalanine hydroxylase. The identity of the pterin formed in vitro and derived from L-tetrahydrobiopterin as 7-(1',2'-dihydroxypropyl)pterin was proven by gas-chromatography mass spectrometry. Tetrahydroneopterin and 6-hydroxymethyltetrahydropterin also are converted to their corresponding 7-substituted isomers and serve as cofactors in the phenylalanine hydroxylase reaction. Dihydroneopterin is converted by dihydrofolate reductase to the tetrahydro form which is biologically active as a cofactor for the aromatic amino acid monooxygenases. The 6-substituted pterin to 7-substituted pterin conversion occurs in the absence of pterin-4a-carbinolamine dehydratase and is shown to be a nonenzymatic process. 7-Tetrahydrobiopterin is both a substrate (cofactor) and a competitive inhibitor with 6-tetrahydrobiopterin (Ki approximately 8 microM) in the phenylalanine hydroxylase reaction. For the first time, the formation of 7-substituted pterins from their 6-substituted isomers has been demonstrated with tyrosine hydroxylase, another important mammalian enzyme which functions in the hydroxylation of phenylalanine and tyrosine.

Biotransformation↗
PubMed1990

7-Substituted pterins: formation during phenylalanine hydroxylation in the absence of dehydratase.

Previously we described a new form of human hyperphenylalaninemia characterized by the formation of 7-substituted pterins. We present evidence strongly suggesting that the 7-substituted pterins are formed by rearrangement of 6-substituted pterins. This rearrangement occurs during the phenylalanine hydroxylase reaction cycle which normally involves the enzymes phenylalanine hydroxylase, pterin-4a-OH-dehydratase, and q-dihydropterin reductase, specifically in the absence of dehydratase activity. We conclude that formation of 7-substituted pterins in humans is a consequence of an absence of dehydratase activity, which might result from a genetic defect. A chemical mechanism for this rearrangement is presented. Our results also suggest that tetrahydroneopterin can be a cofactor for the phenylalanine hydroxylase system in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

One-step purification of trypsin and alpha-chymotrypsin by affinity chromatography on Eupergit-aprotinin, a novel carrier for purification of serine proteases.

Aprotinin isolated from bovine lungs was covalently immobilized on Eupergit C. The highly selective affinity adsorbent was used to purify trypsin and alpha-chymotrypsin from pancreatic extract in a single step. Sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis indicated that both enzymes were highly purified. The maximum binding capacity of Eupergit-aprotinin for bovine trypsin was calculated to be ca. 7.5 mg per gram of gel (wet resin).

Aprotinin↗
PubMed1989

Lung vascular cell proliferation in hyperoxic pulmonary hypertension and on return to air: [3H]thymidine pulse-labeling of intimal, medial, and adventitial cells in microvessels and at the hilum.

The labeling index (LI) of lung vascular intimal (endothelial and precursor smooth muscle, medial (smooth muscle), and adventitial cells (fibroblasts) was in the normal rat and in the rat with pulmonary hypertension caused by breathing high oxygen (87% O2 at normobaric pressure). Cell labeling was assessed during hyperoxia (Days 1, 4, 7, 10, and 28), at the start and end of weaning hyperoxia-adapted rats to air (Days 29 and 35), and 1, 2, and 4 wk after return to breathing air after hyperoxia and weaning (Days 42, 49, and 63). Bursts of intimal, medial, and adventitial cell proliferation different in their timing and extent contribute to lung vascular wall remodelling in these injuries. The Ll of the microvascular fibroblast increased most on Day 4 of hyperoxia (20-fold); it persisted above the normal rate throughout hyperoxia and was high at the start of weaning (greater than 1- less than 2-fold). Two weeks after return to breathing air, it again increased (less than 1-fold). The Ll of the microvascular endothelial cell increased most on Day 7 of hyperoxia (10-fold); it also persisted above the normal rate throughout hyperoxia and at the start of weaning (greater than 2- less than 3-fold) and increased again 2 wk after return to breathing air (6-fold). Labeled precursor cells were not present in the normal lung: they were present on Days 4 and 7 of hyperoxia but not at any other time, including weaning and return to breathing air.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Air↗
PubMed1988

Isoelectric focusing of Protac, the protein C activator from copperhead (Agkistrodon contortrix) venom: a note on experimental problems.

The isoelectric point of Protac was recently estimated to be at pH 3. However, further investigations using different experimental procedures revealed that Protac, due to its particular binding properties, is able to form complexes with carrier ampholytes. Thus, the actual isoelectric point of Protac was found to be in the basic region.

Crotalid Venoms↗
PubMed1988

Determination of batroxobin levels in the plasma of guinea pigs after epicutaneous and intravenous applications.

An enzyme immunoassay has been set up to measure batroxobin levels in plasma. This assay allowed the detection of amounts of batroxobin greater than 0.5 ng/ml plasma. After the epicutaneous application of 50 or 100 batroxobin units (BU)/kg body weight, no batroxobin could be detected in plasma samples taken 15, 30, 60, 120 or 240 min after the start of the experiment. In contrast, batroxobin could be detected in plasma samples after i.v. injection of 10 BU/kg body weight.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Identification of a Ty1 regulatory sequence responsive to STE7 and STE12.

Ty1 activation of gene expression observed in haploid cell types of Saccharomyces cerevisiae requires the STE7 and STE12 gene products. An activator sequence within Ty1 that is responsive to these two regulators has been defined. Complex formation between a factor in whole-cell extracts and the DNA regulatory element showed the same dependence on the STE7 and STE12 gene products as did reporter gene expression. Base pair substitutions within the binding site abolished the ability to form the factor-DNA complex and to activate gene expression. The correlation between complex formation and reporter gene expression indicates that factor binding to the cis-acting element is essential for gene activation. Because the predicted protein for the STE7 gene product is homologous to protein kinases, we suggest that protein phosphorylation may directly or indirectly regulate formation of this DNA-protein complex.

Base Sequence↗