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Biomedical subjects

C Akatcherian

Publications and source records attributed to C Akatcherian.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Left segmental omental infarction in a child: conservative treatment].

Omental infarction is a rare cause of acute abdomen that usually occurs on the right side. Left omental ischemia is rare in adults and to our knowledge not yet described in children. Its diagnosis, although difficult, is important because it can avoid surgery. We report a case of left segmental omental infarction in an 11-year-old child, diagnosed by imaging studies, treated conservatively, and followed up by ultrasound until complete disappearance of the lesion.

Abdomen, Acute↗
PubMed2002

[Adrenal hematoma associated with rheumatoid purpura].

UNLABELLED: Schönlein-Henoch purpura is a systemic vasculitis involving primarily the skin, musculoskeletal system, gastro-intestinal tract, and kidneys. The purpose of this paper was to report the first described pediatric case, to our knowledge, of adrenal hemorrhage occurring in Schönlein-Henoch purpura. CASE REPORT: Our patient was a 12 year-old girl who presented a right adrenal hematoma diagnosed following an episode of acute right flank pain, ten days prior to the appearance of the clinical symptoms of Schönlein-Henoch purpura. CONCLUSION: We think that Schönlein-Henoch purpura should be included in the diagnosis of adrenal hematomas.

Adrenal Gland Diseases↗
PubMed2001

Infantile spasms in Down syndrome: good response to a short course of vigabatrin.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of vigabatrin (VGB) in the treatment of infantile spasms (ISs) associated with Down syndrome (DS) and to assess the feasibility of early discontinuation to reduce the possible retinal toxicity. METHODS: Five children with ISs with DS were treated with vigabatrin as first-line monotherapy in an open prospective study. The short-term response was evaluated, and VGB was continued in responders. The treatment was stopped after 6 months in children who were still spasm free. RESULTS: Four children of five became spasm free with VGB, three of them responding within 1 week. This response was maintained during the 6 months of VGB treatment. After VGB discontinuation, and with a follow-up ranging from 2 to 4 years, none of the responders experienced spasm recurrence or other types of seizures. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms the efficacy of VGB in ISs associated with DS. Moreover, it shows that the duration of VGB treatment can be reduced to 6 months without relapse of ISs. This short treatment might reduce the risk of developing visual field constriction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Congenital brain tumor in a neonate conceived by in vitro fertilization.

Congenital brain tumors are very rare; their incidence is estimated at 0.34 per million live births. We report a case of congenital gliosarcoma in a neonate conceived by in vitro fertilization (IVF). One other case of brain tumor (medulloblastoma) is reported in a child born after assisted conception. Whether these tumors are causally related to the IVF remains obscure.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1999

[Early hypomagnesemia, hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis: two cases in a family].

BACKGROUND: Hypomagnesemia-hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis is a rare inherited syndrome which is characterized by persistent hypomagnesemia despite supplementation, hypercalciuria, nephrocalcinosis and progressive renal failure. OBSERVATIONS: Case 1. A girl was referred at the age of 18 months because of polyuria, polydipsia and vitamin-resistant rickets. There was hypomagnesemia, hypercalciuria and mild renal insufficiency; ultrasonography showed nephrocalcinosis. For two years, she received hydrochlorothiazide and the course of the disease was marked by a significant reduction of urine output and hypercalciuria, recurrent urinary tract infections and a progression toward chronic renal failure. Case 2. The brother of this child was investigated at the age of nine months because of polyuria and polydipsia. He also had hypomagnesemia, hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis. Renal function was initially normal. After two years on continuous treatment with hydrochlorothiazide, hypercalciuria decreased without deterioration of renal function. No signs of rickets were noted and nephrocalcinosis remained stable. CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, these two patients are the youngest reported in the literature. The long-term deterioration of renal function is hazardous but rickets may be avoided by early administration of hydrochlorothiazide.

Calcinosis↗
PubMed1998

[Value of sonography in prolonged neonatal jaundice. Findings in 13 cases].

BACKGROUND: Different conditions are associated with a prolonged cholestatic jaundice in the neonatal period: viral hepatitis, biliary atresia and choledocal cyst are the most frequent causes. Laboratory findings are necessary, although they do not permit an etiologic diagnosis in all cases. Serial ultrasonographic study could be proposed for the evaluation of biliary excretion before and after feeding, in order to differentiate between these three conditions. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between February 1993 and January 1997, 13 newborns (seven girls and six boys) aged from 30 to 186 days, presented with jaundice and conjugated hyperbilirubinemia. They were evaluated by laboratory tests; serial ultrasonographic examinations were performed after 4 hours fasting then 1 and 2 hours after meal. RESULTS: The gallbladder (GB) was visualized in nine patients. In five of these patients, it contracted after feeding suggesting the diagnosis of neonatal hepatitis, that was confirmed by the clinical evolution. In three patients, the GB did not change in size and the diagnosis of biliary atresia was surgically proven. In one patient, a choledocal cyst was visualized and confirmed by surgery. The GB was not identified after 4 hours of fasting in four patients; biliary atresia was suspected and confirmed by surgery. CONCLUSION: Serial ultrasound of the GB is an easy and non-invasive method. It was useful in identifying those conditions requiring surgery in eight patients. We recommend its use as the initial method in the evaluation of neonatal jaundice before the other invasive methods.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1996

Neurenteric cyst: antenatal diagnosis and therapeutic approach.

We hereby report the second case of antenatally diagnosed "neurenteric cyst" in the literature. The patient we describe presented as a neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) which did not respond to a vigorous resuscitation. Anomaly of the antenatal ultrasonography and of the initial chest x-ray added to the non-response to therapy, led us to an urgent thoracic scan and to a lifesaving thoracotomy. We think that every posterior mediastinal cystic mass, with or without vertebral malformations, diagnosed antenatally, should raise the possibility of neurenteric cyst. The perinatal management of the newborn to be, will thus be simplified. This will lead to a better outcome.

Humans↗
PubMed1996

[Accidents in children. Retrospective epidemiological study of 1671 cases collected at the Hotel-Dieu of Beirut].

Injuries are the first cause of death in children after the neonatal age; their prevention is still critical in Lebanon. At Hotel-Dieu de France Hospital, 1671 children aged less than 18 years have had their files reviewed in the emergency department. Minor traumas represent less than half the cases. Though most of the injuries were light, in 5% of cases primary care was necessary, and 11% were admitted (10% in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit); 0.5% of the children died upon arrival. Moreover, 15% of our Pediatric Intensive Care Unit population are admitted for accidents. Boys are more frequently affected (69%); toddlers, small children and adolescents are risky populations. After minor traumas, the most frequent accidents are: falls (21.3%), traffic road accidents (8.9%), poisoning (5.7%) and burns (5%). Firearms injuries seem rare (2.8%) but are, in this study, the first cause of mortality. Foreign body inhalation are very rare (< 1%) but are a significant source of morbidity. This analysis is compared to published data, and allows accurate and general recommendations for injuries prevention in children.

Accident Prevention↗
PubMed1994

[Hydrocarbon poisoning in children].

Carbohydrate poisoning is among serious children intoxications, made possible by inadequate stocking; boys, one to five years old, are particularly at risk in a series of 43 children examined and admitted in Hôtel-Dieu de France Hospital over a 10-year period. Outcome is constantly good, after a short hospital care; clinical exam and chest X-ray are of particular value on admission. Some cases may need home care, whereas others should undertake hospital day care; treatment is discussed and long-term follow-up is being stressed on.

Accidents, Home↗
PubMed1993

[Right-sided endocarditis caused by Staphylococcus aureus during the neonatal period. (A case report)].

Right-sided infectious endocarditis in the neonate, due to staphylococcus aureus, is a rare entity. A high index of suspicion should be used when dealing with a very sick neonate, especially with aggressive reanimation. Although the diagnosis is clinical, echocardiography is essential to confirm the diagnosis and also is an excellent mean to follow the evolution of the disease. The pathogenesis of the infection is due to bacteremia with implantation of the staphylococcus on a normal endothelium. The prognosis is poor with a high mortality rate and possibility of sequelae (essentially cardiac and neurologic). The prognosis depends essentially on early diagnosis and treatment which should last for at least 4-6 weeks. The authors present the case of a 2-week-old girl who developed a right-sided staphylococcal endocarditis following treatment of neonatal jaundice with i.v. perfusion of albumin. The patient survived with cardiac and central nervous system sequelae.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1988

[Muscular manifestations in periodic disease].

Between 1976 and 1983, the authors studied 50 new patients affected with periodic disease. 16 of them-mean age: 29-presented muscular manifestations. They may be grouped into two clinical aspects: muscular pain and contractures. The authors consider that these symptoms, first described in 1945, are an inherent part of the clinical picture of the disease. They discuss their relationship with periarteritis nodosa and remind the fact that their pathogenesis remains unknown.

Adolescent↗