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Biomedical subjects

C Atkins

Publications and source records attributed to C Atkins.

34 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

San Diego family health project: reaching families through the schools.

This project tests the effectiveness of a family-based health behavior change intervention in two ethnic groups. The aim is to help family members initiate and maintain dietary and physical activity behaviors believed to be linked to risk factors for cardiovascular disease. This paper describes the project and the baseline results. Twelve San Diego elementary schools were randomly assigned to intervention or control conditions. Hispanic and Anglo families with a fifth or sixth grade child were recruited to participate in a two-year study. The intervention emphasizes enjoyable experiences designed to transmit knowledge and skills required for long-term changes in diet and physical activity habits. Groups of families met at schools for 12 weekly sessions and six maintenance sessions distributed throughout the following nine months. Outcome behavioral and physiologic measures will be collected at baseline, three months, 12 months, and 24 months. Differences between Anglo and Mexican-American subjects justify targeted activities specific to these groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Responses of male and female physicians to medical complaints in male and female patients.

Workups by male and female physicians in response to five common complaints in a sample of 200 men and women-100 married couples-revealed no significant differences in the extent and content. This study contrasts with observations made in a previous study of male physicians who were found to perform more extensive workups for men than for women. The present study differs from the previous one in several respects, however: (1) the physicians are significantly younger, (2) the patients are significantly older, (3) the physicians practice in a prepaid health maintenance organization as opposed to a fee-for-service group, and (4) the practice consists of men and women partners. If the first and last factors are the most important in accounting for the present observations, it is possible that whatever sexist behavior exists will decline with the infusion of young physicians-both men and women-into the evolving medical practice setting.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Renal transplantation in diabetic patients: the end result does justify the means.

There were 49 insulin-dependent diabetics who received 52 renal allografts: 13 from living related and 39 from cadaveric donors. The mean age and time on dialysis were similar for both recipient groups. Patient survival at 1 and 2 years was 100 per cent for living related donor recipients, and 76 and 56 per cent at 1 and 2 years for cadaveric recipients. Renal allograft survival was 92 and 85 per cent at 1 and 2 years for living related donor recipients. Cadaveric allograft survival was 49 and 41 per cent at 1 and 2 years. The cumulative mortality rate was 39 per cent and the over-all surgical morbidity was low. Renal transplantation in diabetic patients is worthwhile from the standpoint of patient and allograft survival.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Urologic complications in 505 renal transplants with early catheter removal.

Of 505 consecutive renal transplants urologic complications occurred in 4.1 per cent of cadaver, 2.6 per cent of living related, 1.9 per cent of diabetic and 3.8 per cent of nondiabetic allografts. Over-all, patient survival and graft salvage rates were 94 and 83 per cent, respectively. Principles of prevention, diagnosis and management of these complications are discussed. In contrast to prior standards the bladder catheter was removed within 36 hours postoperatively in nearly all cases without any increase in morbidity.

Graft Survival↗
PubMed1983

Disease due to cytomegalovirus and its long-term consequences in renal transplant recipients. Correlation of allograft survival with disease due to cytomegalovirus and rubella antibody level.

We prospectively studied 52 consecutive renal allograft recipients who retained their grafts at least three months. The transplant recipients were observed for five years or longer. Disease due to cytomegalovirus (CMV) occurred in nine (17.3%). Manifestations of disease due to CMV that were significantly more common than in chronologically matched controls in comparable periods after transplantation included fever, leukopenia, hepatic function abnormalities, pneumonia, and renal dysfunction. Life-table analyses suggested a trend of decreased allograft survival with disease due to CMV, but the difference between controls was not statistically significant. A significant inverse correlation were noted between the level of hemagglutination inhibition antibody to rubella virus reached after transplantation and allograft survival. This correlation remained statistically significant even when patients with disease due to CMV were excluded from the analysis.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1980

Surgical correction of posttransplant renovascular hypertension.

The incidence of renovascular hypertension in the transplanted kidney is reported to range between 5 and 15%. A review of 391 consecutive renal transplant patients revealed 16 patients (5.4%) with hypertension secondary to partial obstruction of renal arterial blood flow. The clinical course of this group of patients was marked by early normotension followed by progressive diastolic pressure elevation, with improving renal function and loss of accumulated excess volume. Five etiologic factors are responsible for impaired arterial flow in this group of patients. Indication for operation was based on hypertension and/or impaired renal function. Patch angioplasty using saphenous veins was the procedure of choice in most instances. The average blood pressure was 185 mmHg; systolic/125 mmHg; diastolic preoperatively, compared with 140 mmHg; systolic/90 mmHg: diastolic postoperatively. Twelve of 16 patients had good results, and improvement in renal function was observed in eight patients. Serum renin levels did not correlate well with the operative findings. The use of meticulous technique, combined with maximum use of autogenous tissue, is emphasized.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1975

Hyperglucagonemia in uremia: reversal by renal transplantation.

Chronic renal failure in man is associated with hyperglucagonemia that is not corrected by hemodialysis. Plasma glucagon concentrations were measured in nine patients before and after renal transplantation. Mean plasma glucagon concentration in eight patients with chronic renal failure before transplantation was 295 plus or minus 171 pg/ml (plus or minus SD). After successful transplantation, mean plasma glucagon concentration fell to 134 plus or minus 81 pg/ml (plus or minus SD) (P less than 0.001). Plasma glucagon concentration remained elevated in an additional patient who received a cadaveric graft that never functioned. Immunologic rejection of transplanted kidneys was associated with a dramatic increase of plasma glucagon concentration.

Cadaver↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Epstein-Barr virus polymerase chain reaction and serology in pediatric post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder: three-year experience.

To assess whether the semiquantitative peripheral blood Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test correlates with post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (LPD), we compiled the results of the test done over a 3-year period ending July 1997. Six hundred seventy-six tests were done on 185 patients. Four hundred-thirty tests (63%) were negative, 167 (25%) were weak positive, 67 (10%) were moderate positive, and 12 (2%) were strong positive. Twelve of the patients developed a lymphoproliferative disorder (LPD) during this time. The EBV PCR tests proximate to the diagnosis of LPD in the 12 patients with EBV-positive LPD were 6 strong positive, 5 moderate positive, 1 weak positive. No patient with LPD had a negative result at diagnosis. Stated another way, 6/12 (50%) of strong-positive PCR tests, 5/67 (7%) moderate-positive tests, and 1/167 (.6%) of weak-positive tests correlated with LPD. Serologic evaluation for EBV done on 7 patients at the time of LPD showed low serologic responses in 5 of the 7 patients. The EBV PCR temporally associated with the serology indicated moderate to large viral burdens. In each patient evaluated serially, the EBV PCR test rose before the diagnosis of LPD and fell with treatment for the disorder. In conclusion, the EBV PCR test may be used as an adjunct to the diagnosis of patients with LPD and may be used to monitor response to therapy for the disorder.

Antibodies, Viral↗