PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

C Avery

Publications and source records attributed to C Avery.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Clinical experience with the negative pressure wound dressing.

Between 1997 and 1999, more than 300 patients have been treated using negative pressure wound dressings. The technique has been used successfully to prepare various acute, chronic or infected wounds to accept a skin graft or flap, and to promote graft take at difficult donor sites. The advantages include rapid healing by secondary intention, reduced time to skin grafting, an increase in the rate of graft take and a reduction in donor site complications. The dressing can be applied quickly and easily and there have been no serious complications.

Humans↗
PubMed2000

Negative pressure wound dressing of the radial forearm donor site.

Donor site complications of the radial forearm are a significant cause of post-operative morbidity. 15 patients had radial forearm free tissue donor sites treated with split skin grafts and a negative pressure dressing. All grafts showed 100% take at 5 days. The advantages of this technique include rapid healing at an unfavourable graft recipient site, increased graft take and decreased donor site complications. This method is ideally suited for the management of large defects. The dressing can be quickly and easily applied and there have been no significant complications.

Forearm↗
PubMed1999

Prophylactic plating of the donor site of osteocutaneous radial forearm flaps.

We carried out a retrospective study of fracture morbidity of radial forearm osteocutaneous donor sites. During a period of three-and-a-half years, 12 patients had had composite flaps taken, and 5 of them had subsequently fractured the radius. We then elected to plate the radius prophylactically and found that over a period of just over two years, none of the 8 patients who had had prophylactic plating at the original harvesting operation had subsequently fractured the radius.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Valsartan, a new angiotensin II receptor antagonist: a double-blind study comparing the incidence of cough with lisinopril and hydrochlorothiazide.

The present study compares the occurrence of a dry, persistent cough with doses of 80 mg of valsartan, 10 mg of lisinopril, or 25 mg of hydrochlorothiazide in patients with a history of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor-induced cough. This was a randomized, double-blind, active-controlled, parallel group, multicenter trial involving 129 adult outpatients with essential hypertension. After confirmation of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor-induced cough during a 2 to 4 week challenge with lisinopril (followed by a washout period of 2 weeks), patients were randomized to receive 6 weeks of double-blind treatment once daily with 80 mg valsartan, 10 mg lisinopril, or 25 mg hydrochlorothiazide. Assessments were made at baseline and after 3 and 6 weeks of treatment. Comparability of response to treatment was assessed by mean sitting diastolic and systolic blood pressure at the end of treatment. The occurrence of a dry, persistent cough was significantly less (P < 0.001) at 3 and 6 weeks with valsartan (19.5%) than with lisinopril (68.9%), with no significant difference between valsartan and hydrochlorothiazide (19.0%). There were no statistically significant differences in reduction of blood pressure among the three treatment groups. The overall incidence of adverse experiences, whether or not treatment-related, was highest for lisinopril (86.7%) compared with valsartan (57.1%), and hydrochlorothiazide (61.9%). A dry cough in the lisinopril group accounted for this difference. There were no clinically significant changes in physical signs or in results of clinical laboratory evaluations during double-blind treatment, except for from metabolic changes in 3 patients receiving hydrochlorothiazide. In hypertensive patients with a history of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor-induced cough, a single daily dose of 80 mg of valsartan produced therapeutic efficacy comparable to lisinopril but with significantly less cough.

Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists↗
PubMed1990

Biological and neuropsychological characterization of physostigmine responders and nonresponders in Alzheimer's disease.

To assess the efficacy of oral physostigmine for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, 20 patients were entered into a clinical trial. All patients underwent a dose-finding phase (two weeks), followed by an open trial (two weeks), and a double-blind crossover phase (two weeks drug, two weeks placebo). Extensive neuropsychological testing (Buschke Selective Reminding procedure, category generation, picture recognition, finger tapping) and measurement of systemic cholinergic parameters were measured during each of these phases. Patients were classified as physostigmine responders and nonresponders based on a priori established criteria. Using these, nine patients were found to respond to physostigmine, while 11 were classified as nonresponders. During baseline conditions, responders when compared to nonresponders were found to have higher concentrations of red blood cell (RBC) choline (Ch) and higher ratios of RBC Ch to plasma Ch. Neuropsychological tests were found to fall into one of three categories. The first group of tests were sensitive to drug effects and differentiated physostigmine responders from nonresponders; the second group was found to predict responsiveness; and the third group was neither predictive nor sensitive to drug effects.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1988

Accuracy of ultrasound diagnoses in pregnancies complicated by suspected fetal anomalies.

Referral of pregnancies complicated by suspected fetal anomalies to level III perinatal centres for further evaluation and management is increasing as use of real-time ultrasound spreads, but the sensitivity and specificity of the prenatal diagnoses made in this population are unknown. We undertook a prospective study that followed pregnancies referred to a designated programme dealing with suspected fetal abnormalities. Follow-up of 257 pregnancies revealed that 282 separate anomalies were accurately diagnosed in 212 cases. Normal anatomy was correctly predicted in 42 cases, 16 per cent of the referred population. False-positive and false-negative rates were 1.5 per cent (4/257) and 2 per cent (1/46), respectively. However, 37 per cent of those infants born with anomalies had additional problems not prenatally detected by ultrasound. These results indicate that prenatal ultrasound diagnoses are remarkably accurate overall but that they may be insensitive to associated anomalies in individual cases.

Congenital Abnormalities↗
PubMed1988

The pneumostome rhythm in slugs: a response to dehydration controlled by hemolymph osmolality and peptide hormones.

1. One response of the terrestrial slug, Limax maximus to dehydration is the initiation and modulation of the pneumostome rhythm. When a slug has lost 15-20% of its initial body weight by evaporation, the frequency of pheumostome closures, which is less than 0.5 closures/min in fully hydrated slugs, begins to increase. 2. The frequency increases with further dehydration, but the average duration of each closure remains constant. Thus, the proportion of time during which the pneumostome is closed increases. Simultaneously, the area of the pneumostome opening decreases. 3. This behavior appears to be controlled in part by both the osmolality of the slug's hemolymph and by a peptide closely related to arginine vasotocin (AVT) and arginine vasopressin (AVP). Injecting intact slugs with mannitol, which increases the osmolality of the hemolymph, or with AVT or AVP, can initiate the pneumostome rhythm. 4. Mannitol injections, however, do not provoke the decrease in the area of the pneumostome opening which is induced by natural dehydration or by AVT or AVP injection. This suggests that at least two systems may be involved in the overall control of the pneumostome.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Delayed onset post-tympanotomy otorrhea.

Otorrhea is the most frequent complication of the use of tympanostomy tubes. When it occurs after the immediate postoperative period, otorrhea is probably the result of external contamination of the middle ear or acute otitis media. We analyzed data from 627 operations upon 1248 ears of 491 children with chronic secretory otitis media and found that delayed onset (longer than 7 weeks) postoperative otorrhea occurred after 26.4 percent of the 382 operations in which tympanostomy tubes were used. The average number of episodes of otorrhea per case was 1.46 and ranged from 1 to 9. The rate of otorrhea occurrence in patients with tubes in place was significantly higher in the summer months. Otorrhea also occurred after 9.0 percent of 245 myringotomy procedures. The average number of episodes was 1.32 and ranged from 1 to 3. Treatment of postoperative otorrhea increases the health care costs of surgical treatment of chronic otitis media with effusion; this problem should be included in the calculation of cost-effectiveness.

Child↗
PubMed1986

Post-tympanostomy otorrhea.

Otorrhea is the most common complication of surgical drainage of the tympanum for the treatment of chronic secretory otitis media. Otorrhea present at the first postoperative visit may be due to the operative procedure, the underlying disease process, or both. After analyzing data from 525 operations on 1045 ears of 396 children with chronic secretory otitis media, and finding an over-all incidence of immediate postoperative otorrhea of 3.4%, we conclude that preparations of the ear canal with povidone iodine and the postoperative prophylactic use of an antimicrobial-corticosteroid topical preparation provides optimal control of postoperative wound infection. Sporadic increases in the incidence of postoperative otorrhea may be due to extrinsic factors such as outbreaks of upper respiratory infection.

Adenoidectomy↗