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C B Oxby

Publications and source records attributed to C B Oxby.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Multi-element analysis of the living body by neutron activation analysis-application to critically ill patients receiving intravenous nutrition.

Neutron activation analysis has been used to determine the total content in the body of N, K, Na, Cl, P and Ca in 25 critically ill surgical patients before and after a 14-day course of intravenous nutrition. Muscle elemental composition was also determined in these patients at the same time as the total body analysis. Over the 14-day period of intravenous feeding the total body contents of all the measured elements increased (2-9.7 per cent) but only the increase in K was statistically significant. Muscle chemistry suggested an intracellular K depletion which was corrected over the study period. The results of the total body multi-element analysis were interpreted to show a mean gain of 1.25 l of extracellular fluid and 0.51 l of intracellular fluid and direct measurement of total body water suggested that this interpretation was probably valid. The first application of the technique to patients with nutritional and metabolic problems has quantified the weight gained by two body compartments during a 2-week period of intravenous nutrition. Its further application should help to solve a number of nutritional and metabolic problems in clinical surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Intravenous aminoacids and intravenous hyperalimentation as protein-sparing therapy after major surgery. A controlled clinical trial.

A solution of aminoacids without a calorie source was infused postoperatively in ten patients undergoing proctocolectomy or rectal excision and the results were compared with those in ten matched controls and ten patients who received intravenous hyperalimentation. Aminoacid infusion prevented the nitrogen and potassium loss that occurred in the untreated group but no clinical advantage could be seen. Nitrogen and potassium loss was also prevented in the patients treated with intravenous hyperalimentation but these patients had significantly fewer postoperative complications than either the controls or those given aminoacid infusion. It is suggested that aminoacid infusion is of very little benefit after major surgery. On the other hand the skilled administration of intravenous hyperalimentation to patients after major surgery can be of real benefit.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Fat-free body mass from skinfold thickness: a close relationship with total body nitrogen.

Fat-free body mass is an important component of body composition which is of particular interest to nutritionists and related workers. Fat-free mass has been determined from the simple measurement of skinfold thickness and it has been demonstrated that there is a close correlation with total body nitrogen even though the test subjects had a wide range of nutritional status.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Counting losses in multidetector radiation counters.

We examined the reasons for the reduction in response of a multidetector radiation counting system when operated at high count-rates and established a convenient method of correction which is accurate to within +/- 1% up to 0-6 X 10(5) counts per second. In its application the method uses the observed count-rates from each detector at the time of measurement and previously determined values of critical time intervals of the electronic system. The detected signals establish these intervals in which further signals occurring within them are lost from the response. These further signals can also cause the loss of the signals establishing the intervals. The correction is of particular value when high-sensitivity whole-body counters are used to measure the activity of administered isotopes in metabolic studies.

Radiometry↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Changes in body weight and body protein with intravenous nutrition.

Body weight, protein, fat and water were measured before and after intravenous nutrition in 20 surgical patients. The group included both young and old patients who were suffering from a wide variety of catabolic illnesses and the period of intravenous feeding ranged from 11 to 40 days. Eight of the patients were able to take small amounts of food orally. During the period of intravenous nutrition ten patients gained significant weight although only two of these gained significant protein. Most of the weight gain was due to an increase of water. There was also a gain of water in the patients who lost weight; this water gain occurred in small daily increments over the course of treatment. It is concluded that weight gain can occur without protein gain in patients who are being fed intravenously and that body weight is not a reliable guide to changes in body protein or fat in critically ill patients receiving intravenous nutrition.

Adult↗