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Biomedical subjects

C Bannerman

Publications and source records attributed to C Bannerman.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Cor pulmonale in children with human immunodeficiency virus infection.

A cross-sectional echocardiographic study of 50 black Zimbabwean children with clinical human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection was carried out. The median age was 9 months. Seventy per cent had chronic cough, 60% respiratory distress and 40% cyanosis. Sixty per cent had pericardial effusion and 48% right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH) and dilation. However, the clinical diagnosis of heart failure was difficult as most of these children (80%) had hepatomegaly. These findings suggest that respiratory disease plays a role in the causation of RVH in these children. As cardiac causes of RVH were absent, this was presumed to be due to cor pulmonale. HIV-infected children presenting with respiratory distress may have clinically unapparent cor pulmonale. Early and appropriate management may by beneficial.

Child↗
PubMed1991

The effects of hospitalization for bed rest on duration of gestation, fetal growth and neonatal morbidity in triplet pregnancy.

Nineteen women attending a special multiple pregnancy antenatal clinic with a triplet pregnancy were randomly allocated to either bed rest in hospital from 24 weeks gestation onwards until delivery, or to continue conventional outpatient management. Conclusions are limited by the trial size, but the study suggests that routine hospitalization for bed rest decreases the incidence of preterm delivery and light-for-gestational age infants and reduces the need for intensive neonatal care. Although still compatible with change variation, the observations, if confirmed in a larger randomized study, would have considerable implications for clinical practice. The policy needs further evaluation in a large multicentered collaborative study.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

The effects of hospitalization for rest on fetal growth, neonatal morbidity and length of gestation in twin pregnancy.

OBJECTIVE: To test whether a policy of hospitalization for bed rest, from 28-30 weeks gestation until delivery, lengthens the duration of gestation, improves fetal growth and decreases neonatal morbidity in twin pregnancy. DESIGN: A randomized controlled trial. SETTING: Harare Maternity Hospital, Zimbabwe. SUBJECTS: 118 women with an uncomplicated twin pregnancy between 28 and 30 weeks gestation. INTERVENTION: Hospitalization for bed rest. Encouraged to rest in bed as much as possible, although voluntary ambulation was allowed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Gestational age at delivery and number of infants delivered preterm (less than 37 weeks); birthweight and number of small-for-gestational age (SGA) infants; neonatal morbidity was assessed by number of infants requiring admission to the neonatal unit and the length of stay. RESULTS: There was no effect on duration of gestation or the occurrence of preterm delivery. Mean birthweight was greater in the hospitalized group (t = -2.28, df 234, P = 0.02) and there were fewer SGA infants (OR 0.57, 95% CI 0.33-0.96). No differences were found in neonatal morbidity. CONCLUSIONS: Hospitalization for bed rest does not prolong pregnancy but can improve fetal growth, although this was not reflected in improved neonatal morbidity. Whether twin fetal growth can be enhanced similarly in other populations should be investigated.

Bed Rest↗
PubMed1989

Preterm labour in twin pregnancies: can it be prevented by hospital admission?

Women attending a twin pregnancy antenatal clinic underwent cervical palpation to calculate a cervical score by subtracting dilatation from length. Those with a score of -2 or less at or before 34 weeks are at especially high risk of preterm labour. A total of 139 such women were randomly allocated either to receive bed-rest in hospital or to continue conventional outpatient management. No beneficial effect of bed-rest could be identified in prolonging twin pregnancy or improving fetal outcome.

Bed Rest↗
PubMed1988

Tape measurement of symphysis-fundal height in twin pregnancies.

We hypothesized that tape measurement of symphysis-fundal height could be useful in detecting multiple pregnancies, and in such cases in predicting preterm labour and identifying small-for-gestational-age (SGA) fetuses. Although mean fundal height is substantially greater in twin than singleton pregnancies, the value of the technique to detect multiple pregnancies may be limited because combined birth-weight is less and the frequency of SGA fetuses is greater in undiagnosed than in diagnosed twin pregnancies. We found no evidence that the measured fundal height is greater in pregnancies going on to preterm delivery, and we suggest that the commonly accepted theory that the high rate of preterm labour in twin pregnancies results simply from uterine overdistension be reappraised. Nevertheless, fundal height measurement was of value in identifying pregnancies in which both babies were SGA and is therefore recommended as a simple, inexpensive and non-invasive technique.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1988

Preterm labor in twin pregnancies: prediction by cervical assessment.

Patients attending a twin pregnancy antenatal clinic underwent cervical palpation at each visit to calculate a cervical score by subtracting dilatation from length. Prediction of the onset of labor by cervical assessment was studied in 223 already parous women with twin pregnancies who ultimately labored spontaneously. The lower the score, the shorter was the mean time until delivery, although there existed a subgroup of patients who had ripe cervices for several weeks before the onset of labor. The cervical score itself appeared to give better prediction of labor than did changes in the score. Cervical assessment identified a group of twin pregnancies at especially high risk of preterm labor, in that 76% of patients with a score of -2 or less at or before 34 weeks delivered preterm. There was no evidence that labor was precipitated by vaginal examination, although this requires further study.

Cervix Uteri↗
PubMed1982

Prophylaxis of postoperative epididymitis. Vasectomy or vas ligation?

Preoperative vasectomy for the prevention of postoperative epididymitis in 103 cases is compared to preoperative vas ligation in 132 cases performed by the same surgical team. Both methods showed good results. However, vas ligation is easier to perform and seems to have less complications. The vas ligation procedure is discussed.

Aged↗