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Biomedical subjects

C Batman

Publications and source records attributed to C Batman.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

Penetration of ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in aqueous humor after topical administration.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To compare the aqueous humor levels of 0.3% ofloxacin and 0.3% ciprofloxacin containing eyedrops in patients with healthy cornea. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fifty patients with cataract were randomly assigned to have 0.3% ofloxacin containing eyedrop (25 patients) or 0.3% ciprofloxacin containing eyedrop (25 patients). Both drugs were repetitively instilled to each patient for 6 hours before the surgery. Aqueous samples were collected after penetrating the anterior chamber during cataract extraction and assayed by high-performance liquid chromatography method. RESULTS: The aqueous humor level of ofloxacin (1.43 +/- 0.26 microg/ml, mean +/- SEM) was significantly higher than that of ciprofloxacin (0.35 +/- 0.07 microg/ml) following the topical application (P < .0002). CONCLUSION: Aqueous humor penetration of topical ofloxacin is about 4 times higher than that of topical ciprofloxacin when the drugs are applied as described above.

Administration, Topical↗

Penetration of ofloxacin in human aqueous and vitreous humors following oral and topical administration.

PURPOSE: To determine aqueous and vitreous humor ofloxacin levels following oral and topical application of ofloxacin in patients with noninflamed cornea and intact crystalline lens, and to compare the drug levels provided by each route. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-six patients undergoing pars plana vitrectomy for various ocular pathologies were divided into two groups. Fourteen patients received two drops of 0.3% ophthalmic solution of ofloxacin every 30 minutes for 3 hours and every 60 minutes for the next 3 hours, and 12 patients received a single oral dose of 400 mg ofloxacin 8 hours before surgery. The aqueous and vitreous humor samples were simultaneously collected after oral or topical administration during pars plana vitrectomy to assess penetration of the drug. Samples were assayed for ofloxacin concentrations by a previously described method using high-performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS: The aqueous and vitreous humor levels of ofloxacin were 1.54 +/- 0.27 microg/mL (mean +/- standard error) and 1.77 +/- 0.24 microg/mL after oral and 1.44 +/- 0.24 microg/mL and 0.37 +/- 0.05 microg/mL after topical ofloxacin administration, respectively. Aqueous humor levels were not statistically different following oral or topical administration (P > 0.8). However, vitreous level of the drug after oral administration was significantly higher than that after topical administration (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Ocular bioavailability of ofloxacin in aqueous humor after oral and topical administration is similar when the drug is applied as described. Penetration of ofloxacin into vitreous humor is less than that into aqueous humor following topical application. The aqueous humor levels of ofloxacin via both routes and the vitreous level of the drug after oral route exceed the minimum inhibitory concentrations for certain bacterial species that frequently cause intraocular infection.

Administration, Oral↗

Effects of the long-term use of perfluoroperhydrophenanthrene on the retina.

Perfluorocarbon liquids have gained wide acceptance as intraoperative tools that can simplify vitreoretinal surgical maneuvers. These low-viscosity liquids facilitate injection into the eye and removal from the eye during surgery. Tolerance to perfluoroperhydrophenanthrene and the development of proliferative vitreoretinopathy with its extended use are not clear. The authors present the clinical and histologic findings of a patient, previously lost to follow-up, who was examined after several weeks of intraocular tamponade with perfluoroperhydrophenanthrene. Damage to the retina was seen in response to the long-term postoperative use of perfluoroperhydrophenanthrene.

Adult↗

Changes in anterior chamber depth and intraocular pressure after phacoemulsification and posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To determine anterior chamber depth (ACD) and intraocular pressure (IOP) following uncomplicated cataract extraction with phacoemulsification and posterior chamber intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The ACDs and IOPs of 56 patients were prospectively evaluated after phacoemulsification and IOL implantation. Measurements of ACD were performed using ultrasonography and measurements of IOP were performed using a Goldmann applanation tonometer preoperatively and at 1 week and 1, 3, 6, and 9 months postoperatively. RESULTS: The mean IOP had decreased and the mean ACD had increased significantly by 1 month postoperatively (P < .03 and P < .01, respectively). Between 1 and 3 months, a significant increase in ACD (P < .05) and decrease in IOP (P < .01) was also observed. The ACD peaked (3.51 +/- 0.45 mm) and the IOP reached its lowest value (10.05 +/- 2.23 mm Hg) at 3 months postoperatively. The reduction in IOP and increase in ACD remained significant during the follow-up period, compared with the preoperative values. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that increases in ACD and decreases in IOP occur in selected patients after uncomplicated cataract extraction by phacoemulsification with IOL implantation.

Adult↗

The use of perfluorodecalin in retinal detachments with retinoschisis.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of perfluorodecalin on the repair of retinal detachments with retinoschisis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty-two eyes of 20 patients with degenerative and X-linked retinoschisis underwent pars plana vitrectomy, perfluorodecalin injection, internal fluid drainage, and fluid-air exchange. RESULTS: The retina was reattached intraoperatively in 21 (95.4%) of the 22 eyes. In 4 eyes, retinal detachment recurred within 2 months postoperatively. All of the recurrent cases underwent reoperation with perfluoropropane gas and the retina was reattached at the end of 2 operations. As a result, visual acuity increased in 18 (81.8%) of the 22 eyes. CONCLUSION: Perfluorodecalin makes flattening of the retina and evacuation of subretinal fluid easier in the management of rhegmatogenous retinal detachments associated with degenerative and X-linked retinoschisis.

Adolescent↗

Comparison of aqueous humour and vitreous humour levels of two 0.3% ciprofloxacin eyedrops.

BACKGROUND: Two ophthalmic solutions of 0.3% ciprofloxacin eyedrops are available in Turkey: Ciloxan and Siprogut. The objective of this study was to compare the concentrations of drug produced by the two products in the aqueous humour and vitreous humour after local administration. METHODS: Twenty-one patients undergoing primary vitreoretinal surgery received either Ciloxan (10 patients) or Siprogut (11 patients). Six hours before surgery, two drops of solution were instilled onto the operative eye. Drops were then instilled every 30 minutes for the first 3 hours and then hourly for the next 3 hours. Aqueous and vitreous samples were collected 30 minutes after administration of the last dose and were assayed for ciprofloxacin concentration by means of high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorometric detection. RESULTS: The mean aqueous humour concentrations of Ciloxan and Siprogut were 0.36 (standard error of the mean [SEM] 0.09) microgram/mL and 0.44 (SEM 0.17) microgram/mL respectively. The corresponding vitreous humour concentrations were 0.21 (SEM 0.05) microgram/mL and 0.22 (SEM 0.06) microgram/mL. Neither of these differences was statistically significant. The aqueous and vitreous levels of both products exceeded the minimum inhibitory concentrations for certain bacterial species that frequently cause intraocular infections. INTERPRETATION: Our results show that the ocular bioavailability of Ciloxan and Siprogut after local administration is equivalent. Penetration of ciprofloxacin into the vitreous humour seems to be poorer than that into the aqueous humour.

Adult↗

Treatment of chronic ear disease. Topical ciprofloxacin vs topical gentamicin.

OBJECTIVE: To determine and compare the therapeutic efficiency of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride and gentamicin sulfate in the treatment of chronic ear disease. DESIGN: Prospective randomized study. SETTING: Academic tertiary medical center. PATIENTS: Consecutive referred sample of 44 patients with chronic suppurative otitis media randomized into two groups. INTERVENTIONS: Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (200 mg/mL) was administered to the first group (composed of 24 patients), while the second group (composed of 20 patients) received gentamicin sulfate (5 mg/mL) locally, five drops three times a day for 10 days. RESULTS: In the ciprofloxacin group, 21 (88%) of the 24 patients with suppurative chronic otitis media were cured. On the other hand, only six (30%) of the patients in the gentamicin group were cured. The rest of the patients showed no clinical or bacteriological improvement. CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this is the first study to compare the efficiency of two topical otic preparations in the treatment of chronic ear disease. The results show that topical ciprofloxacin preparation is more efficacious and efficient than topical gentamicin for the treatment of chronic otitis media in the acute stage.

Adolescent↗